Outros

<p>Crimson-Gal (Crimson-beta-D-galactopyranoside) is a chromogenic indicator for beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria in liquid media or on agar plates and yields a crimson colored precipitate. Crimson-Gal can also be used as detecting agent for beta-galactosidase activity in reporter gene assays or for identification of positive transformants on agar plates when using the α-complementation approach. Read more in the Application Notes.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 5-O-trans-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside is a chromogenic substrate for alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl 5-O-trans-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside is used in different applications such as the Plant cell wall degradation assays, bacterial enzyme profiling</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate targeting lipase, C8 esterase</p>

<p>Applications: Labelled Almotriptan (A575200). Almotriptan is a serotonin 5HT1B /1D-receptor agonist used for treatment of migraine.<br>References Fleishaker, J.C., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 67, 498 (2000), Kamali, F., et al.: Curr. Opin. Cent. Peripher. Nerv. Syst. Invest. Drugs, 2, 197 (2000), Dodick, D.W., et al.: Expert Opin.Pharmacother., 4, 1157 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications Palbociclib (also known as compound number PD-0332991) is an experimental drug for the treatment of breast cancer being developed by Pfizer. It is a selective inhibitor of the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6.<br>References Finn, R., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 11, 5 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxyatenolol-d7 is the isotope labelled analog of Hydroxyatenolol (H802480); a metabolite of Atenolol (A790075) which is a cardioselective β-adrenergic blocker, antihypertensive, antianginal, and antiarrhythmic (class II).<br>References Escher, B., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 7402 (2006); Caplar, V., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 13, 1 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Nitroso-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine is a reagent used in the preparation of 9-aminoacridine-based agents that impair bovine viral diarrhea virus replication.<br>References Loddo, R. et al.: Bio. &amp; Med. Chem., 26(4), 855-868, (2018)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Atenolol EP Impurity A<br>Applications 4-(Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide (Atenolol EP Impurity A) is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of Atenolol (A790075) and various other organic compounds and pharmaceuticals. It is a process impurity for Atenolol (A790075)<br>References Inkum, R., et al.: Maejo Int. J. Sci. Tech., 6, 372 (2012); Pai, N.R., et al.: J. Chem. Pharma. Rsch., 4, 375 (2012); Moon, J.T., et al.: Bio-org. Medn. Chem., 20, 734 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Defluoro-MDV 3100 (Defluoro-enzalutamide) is an impurity of Enzalutamide (M199800), which is an androgen-receptor antagonist that blocks androgens from binding to the androgen receptor and prevents nuclear translocation and co-activator recruitment of the ligand-receptor complex. Enzalutamide has been shown to induce tumor cell apoptosis, and is used for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer.<br>References Scher, H.I. et al.: Lancet, 375, 1437 (2010); Bellmunt, J. et al.: Ther. Adv. Med. Oncol., 2, 189 (2010); Ryan, C.J. et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 29, 3651 (2011); Ma, X., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 131, 436 (2016);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Atenolol EP Impurity H<br>Applications 2-[4-[(2RS)-2-Hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy]phenyl]acetonitrile is an impurity of Atenolol (A790075), a cardioselective β-adrenergic blocker. Atenolol EP Impurity H<br>References Caplar, V., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 13, 1 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,3-Propanediol is a common organic reagent used in the synthesis of polymers and used in industrial organic chemistry for the synthesis of lubricants, foods, medicines and cosmetics.<br>References Sun, Y. et al.: Bioproc. Renew. Res. Commod. Bioprod., 289 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-((3-Fluoro-4-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl)amino)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas# 1289942-66-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of cis-Entacapone, the (Z)-Isomer of Entacapone (E558500) polymorphic form B. Antiparkinsonian.<br>References Karlsson, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 10, 593 (1992), Nissinen, E., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 346, 262 (1992), Wikberg, T., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 18, 359 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A novel active metabolite of the anti-cancer drug Tamoxifen (T006000).<br>References Furr, B., et al.: Pharmacol. Ther., 25, 127 (1984), Leonessa, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 54, 441 (1994), Stearns, V., et al.: Lancet, 360, 1851 (2002), Rae, J., et al.: Pharmacogenetics, 13, 501 (2003), Zheng, Y., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 35, 1942 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications 4-​Amino-​2-​fluoro-​N-​methylbenzamide acts as a reagent in the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5-oxo-2-thioxoimidazolidine derivatives as potent androgen receptor antagonists. Also, in the preparation and structure-activity relationship of chiral benzyloxypyridinone derivatives as c-Met kinase inhibitors<br>References Ivachtchenko, A. V., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 99, 51 (2015); Zhang, D., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 23, 2408 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fulvestrant Impurity E;<br>Applications Fulvestrant (F862500) impurity E.<br></p>

<p>Applications Fulvestrant 17-Ketone, is an impurity of Fulvestrant (F862500), a novel steroidal estrogen antagonist reported to lack any partial agonist activity. Antineoplastic (hormonal).<br>References Wakeling, A.E., et al.: Cancer Res., 51, 3867 (1991), Howell, A., et al.: Br. J. Cancer, 74, 300 (1996), Robertson, J.F., et al.: Cancer Res., 61, 6739 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Nintedanib Demethyl-O-glucuronic Acid-d3 is an isotopic analog of Nintedanib Demethyl-O-glucuronic Acid (N478295), a metabolite of the drug Nintedanib (N478290).<br>References Sun, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 2588 (1998); Xie, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 4898 (2007); Hilberg, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 68, 4774 (2008); Roth, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 58, 1053 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(5-Chloro-2-pyridinyl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamide is an impurity of Zopiclone (Z700500) which is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic agent used in the treatment of insomnia.<br>References Noble, S., et al.: Drugs, 55, 277 (1998), Musch, B., et al.: Int. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol., 5, 147 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications (Z)-4-Hydroxy Tamoxifen O-β-D-Glucuronide is an active metabolite of Tamoxifen (T006000).<br>References Ogura, K. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 71, 1358 (2006); Nishiyama, T. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 63, 1817 (2002); McCague, R. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 39, 1459 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications Deschloro-Zopiclone is a metabolite of Zopiclone (Z700500) which is a cyclopyrrolone member of a family of non-benzodiazepine GABAA receptor agonists.<br>References Noble, S., et al.: Drugs, 55, 277 (1998), Musch, B., et al.: Int. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol., 5, 147 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications α-Epoxyabiraterone Acetate is an impurity of Abiraterone (A108490), a steroidal cytochrome P 450 17α-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase inhibitor (CYP17), is currently undergoing phase II clinical trials as a potential drug for the treatment of androgen-dependent prostate cancer.<br>References Denis, L., et al.: Cancer, 72, 3888 (1993); Potter, G.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 2463 (1995); Denmeade, S., et al.: Nat. Rev., 2, 389(2002); Scher, H., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 23, 8253 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Α labelled metabolite of Tamoxifen (T006000).<br>References Sun, D., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 8(4), (2006), Zheng, Y., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 35, 1942 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Zafirlukast m-Tolyl Isomer is a positional isomer and impurity of the cysteinyl leukotriene type 1 receptor antagonist, Zafirlukast (D226955).<br>References Krishnaiah, C. et al.: Anal. Chem. Ind. J., 8, 471 (2009); Madhavi, A. et al.: Chromatographia, 70, 233 (2009); Goverdhan, G. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 49, 895 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-[4-[[(Z)-(1,2-Dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)phenylmethyl]amino]phenyl]-N,4-dimethyl-1-piperazineacetamide was used in the study to discover a potent inhibitor of MELK that inhibits expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 and TNBC cell growth. N-[4-[[(Z)-(1,2-Dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)phenylmethyl]amino]phenyl]-N,4-dimethyl-1-piperazineacetamide is an impurity of Intedanib (I666650), which is an antitumor agent.<br>References Edupuganti, R., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 25, 2609 (2017); Sun, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 2588 (1998); Xie, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 4898 (2007); Hilberg, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 68, 4774 (2008); Roth, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 58, 1053 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Fulvestrant (F862500) impurity C.<br></p>

<p>Applications Zafirlukast p-Tolyl Isomer is a positional isomer and impurity of the cysteinyl leukotriene type 1 receptor antagonist, Zafirlukast (D226955).<br>References Krishnaiah, C. et al.: Anal. Chem. Ind. J., 8, 471 (2009); Madhavi, A. et al.: Chromatographia, 70, 233 (2009); Goverdhan, G. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 49, 895 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Desmethyl Nintedanib Carboxylic Acid is an impurity of Intedanib (I666650), which is an indolinone derivative potently blocking VEGF-, PDGF-, and FGF-receptor kinases. it is an indolinone as triple angiokinase inhibitors and an antitumor agent.<br>References Sun, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 2588 (1998); Xie, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 4898 (2007); Hilberg, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 68, 4774 (2008); Roth, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 58, 1053 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-((4S,7S,10S,13S,15R)-10-Benzyl-15-hydroxy-7,13-diisobutyl-15-methyl-1-morpholino-2,5,8,11,14,18-hexaoxo-4-phenethyl-17-oxa-3,6,9,12-tetraazanonadecan-19-yl)-2-hydroxysuccinic Acid is an impurity of Carfilzomib (C183460), which is a second-generation proteasome inhibitor that is used as a treatment in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma.<br>References Fostier, K., et al.: Oncotargets. Therap., 5, 237 (2012); Geurink, P.P., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 1262 (2013); McCormack, P.L., et al.: Drugs., 72, 2023 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxo-MDV 3100 (Oxo-enzalutamide) is an impurity of Enzalutamide (M199800), which is an androgen-receptor antagonist that blocks androgens from binding to the androgen receptor and prevents nuclear translocation and co-activator recruitment of the ligand-receptor complex. Enzalutamide has been shown to induce tumor cell apoptosis, and is used for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer.<br>References Scher, H.I. et al.: Lancet, 375, 1437 (2010); Bellmunt, J. et al.: Ther. Adv. Med. Oncol., 2, 189 (2010); Ryan, C.J. et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 29, 3651 (2011); Ma, X., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 131, 436 (2016);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications (S)-4-Oxo-homophenylalanine Hydrochloride is a derivative of L-Homophenylalanine (H600500); an antitumor agent.<br>References Brunner, Henri., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 25, 35 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of the anti-cancer drug Tamoxifen (T006000).<br>References Heiman, D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 23, 994 (1980), Kier, L., et al.: Pharm. Res., 7, 801 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Desmethyl Zopiclone-d8 is a labelled metabolite of Zopiclone (Z700500), which is Cyclopyrrolone member of a family of non-benzodiazepine GABAA receptor agonists. This is a controlled substance (depressant) in the US but not in Canada. Sedative, hypnotic.<br>References Fernandez, C., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 29, 431 (1995), Nordgren, H., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 24, 410 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications Substrate specificity of haloalkane dehalogenases.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Koudelakova, T., et al.: Biochem. J., 435, 345 (2011),<br></p>

<p>Applications An impurity of Nintedanib, which is an antifibrotic drug.<br>References Holdsworth, G.; et al.: Scientific Reports, 7, 1 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl 4-Hydroxyphenylacetate has been shown to have potent inhibitory activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV).<br>References Shen, S., Li, W., Wang, J.: Nat. Prod. Res., 27, 2286 (2013); Golovleva, L.A., et. al.:<br></p>

<p>Impurity Leuprolide Acetate EP Impurity B TFA salt<br>Applications Synthetic nonapeptide agonist analog of LH-RH. Antineoplastic (hormonal).<br>References Vilchez-Martinez, J.A., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 59, 1226 (1974), Sennello, L.T., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., et al.: 75, 158 (1986), Wheeler, J.M., et al.: Am.J. Obstet. Gynecol., 167, 1367 (1992), Eri, L.M., et al.: J. Urol., 150, 359 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications (αE)-α-[(3,4-Dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)methylene]-β-oxo-1-piperidinepropanenitrile is an impurity of Entacapone (E558500), a peripherally acting inhibitor of catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of catecholamine neurotransmitters and related drugs. Antiparkinsonian.<br>References Karlsson, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 10, 593 (1992), Nissinen, E., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 346, 262 (1992), Wikberg, T., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 18, 359 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Desmethyl 7-Methoxycarbonyl Nintedanib is an impurity of Intedanib (I666650), which is an indolinone derivative potently blocking VEGF-, PDGF-, and FGF-receptor kinases. it is an indolinone as triple angiokinase inhibitors and an antitumor agent.<br>References Sun, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 2588 (1998); Xie, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 4898 (2007); Hilberg, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 68, 4774 (2008); Roth, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 58, 1053 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications (2E)-2-Cyano-3-(3-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-N,N-diethyl-2-propenamide is an impurity of Entacapone (E558500), a peripherally acting inhibitor of catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of catecholamine neurotransmitters and related drugs. Antiparkinsonian.<br>References Karlsson, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 10, 593 (1992), Nissinen, E., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 346, 262 (1992), Wikberg, T., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 18, 359 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dehydro Silodosin is an impurity of Silodosin (S465000).<br>References Moriyama., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 331, 39 (1997), Zhu, J., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 131, 546 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyloctane is a volatile compound of vegetarian soybean kapi, a fermented Thai food condiment.<br>References Allagheny, N., et al.: Int. J. Food Microbiol., 29, 321 (1996); Han, B., et al.: Food Control., 15, 265 (2004); Ouoba, L., et al.: J .Appl. Microbiol., 99, 1413 (2005); Zhang, J., et al.: Inter. J. Food Sci. Technol., 42, 263 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications OR 486 is an anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Entacapone (E588500) impurity.<br>References Jenei-Lanzl, Z. et al.: Annal Rheum. Dis., 74, 444 (2015); Karlsson, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 10, 593 (1992), Nissinen, E., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 346, 262 (1992), Wikberg, T., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 18, 359 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications It has been used to promote wound healing. Biological stain. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Findlay, J., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed., Anal., 21, 1249 (2000), Han, D., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 6424 (2007), Jiang, Z;., et al.: J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 88, 649 (2008),<br></p>

<p>2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl b-D-cellobioside (CNPG) is a chromogenic enzyme substrate that is commonly used to detect and measure the activity of β-glucosidases. CNPG is cleaved by the enzyme into the chromogenic product, which can be detected spectrophotometrically. β-glucosidases are important enzymes in the breakdown of cellulose, and CNPG is a widely used substrate for the detection and quantification of these enzymes in various research studies.</p>

<p>Octyl 4-nitrophenyl hexyl phosphonate is a lipase suicide inhibitor that is a chromogenic substrate for lipases which upon enzymatic action, binds irreversibly to the lipase and inactivates it. The substrate can be used for the determination of active sites in lipases, especially in lipases preferring hydrophobic leaving groups.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 2-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-α-D-glucopyranoside is a specialized chromogenic pNP substrate featuring dual glucose-linked moieties, designed for accurate detection and quantification of specific glycosidase enzymes. Upon cleavage by target enzymes, this substrate releases 4-Nitrophenol, which can be easily monitored spectrophotometrically as a yellow color change. This advanced substrate offers enhanced specificity and sensitivity in enzyme assays, facilitating cutting-edge research in biochemistry, enzymology, and other related fields.</p>

<p>Aldol® 518 beta-D-cellobioside is a chromogenic substrate for the detection of glycosidases. Aldol® 518 beta-D-cellobioside reacts with enzymes such as alpha-amylase, beta-galactosidase, and alpha-glucosidase to produce a fluorescent product. This product is detected by spectrophotometer, fluorometer, or luminometer. The fluorescence intensity is proportional to the concentration of the enzyme in the sample.<br>It has been shown that Aldol® 518 beta-D-cellobioside can be used as a substitute for conventional substrates in food testing and diagnostics, such as staining and culture media. It also has applications in environmental testing and enzyme substrate assays.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-3-indolyl a-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate that is used as an enzyme substrate for various spectrophotometric, fluorometric, or chemiluminescent assays. The 5-bromo group of the dye reacts with the active site of an enzyme to form a product that can be measured by spectrophotometry. This product can also be used as a fluorescent indicator in the presence of luciferase and ATP. 5-Bromo-3-indolyl a-D-mannopyranoside is also used to estimate bacterial counts during culture media preparation and it has been shown to inhibit the growth of Gram negative bacteria such as E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This compound does not contain any heavy metals or toxic substances and it is highly soluble in water. It has been found to have no adverse effects on humans and other animals at concentrations up to 100</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 2-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a state-of-the-art chromogenic substrate designed for rapid and sensitive enzyme activity detection. As a versatile pNP substrate, it produces a noticeable color change upon enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis, facilitating easy monitoring and quantification of enzyme levels in research and diagnostic applications. The substrate's acetylated glucose moiety ensures specificity and stability, allowing for precise and reliable results across a range of experimental conditions.</p>

<p>Aldol® 515 L-proline amide is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of L-proline aminopeptidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by L-proline aminopeptidase produced by microorganisms grown in liquid or solid media, yielding red-orange color. In addition, red fluorescence signals are generated when a fluorescence enhancer or a suitable matrix is present. Aldol® 515 L-proline amide is suitable for use under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3,6-di-O-benzoyl-b-D-galactopyranoside is an advanced pNP-based enzyme substrate designed for the detection and measurement of glycosidase activity in biological samples. This synthetic compound offers high specificity and sensitivity for b-galactosidase enzymes, enabling accurate determination of enzymatic hydrolysis rates in a variety of research applications, including diagnostics, drug development, and discovery of novel enzymes. Its chromogenic properties ensure easy analysis of the results and make it suitable for high-throughput screening.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl N-acetyl-a-D-neuraminic acid methyl ester is a chromogenic substrate that reacts with enzymes to produce a colored product. It can be used in diagnostic tests for the detection of various bacteria, including Salmonella and Brucella, as well as for the determination of concentration in food testing or environmental testing. 5B4C3INA can also be conjugated to other substances, such as biotin or an antibody, which allows it to be used in immunoassays.</p>

<p>Verapamil (CP-16533-1), an oral calcium channel blocker, inhibits P-gp and CYP3A4, used for hypertension, arrhythmias, and angina research.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranoside is a superior chromogenic substrate for the precise determination of alpha-D-galactosidase enzyme activity. This substrate features a unique 2-azido moiety providing enhanced sensitivity and specificity in biochemical assays. Upon enzymatic cleavage, it releases the highly fluorescent compound 4-nitrophenol, which simplifies quantification and tracking of enzyme activity in applications such as drug discovery, genetic studies, and enzyme inhibition assays.</p>

<p>1-Naphthyl a-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the presence of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds, such as alpha-glucosidase. When the substrate is cleaved by the enzyme, it produces a colored product that can be visualized and quantified.</p>

<p>2-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect and measure the activity of glycosidase enzymes. Glycosidases are enzymes that hydrolyze glycosidic bonds in carbohydrates, and are produced by many organisms. The substrate is cleaved by glycosidase to release a chromophore, which can be quantified via spectrophotometry analysis. 2-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is widely used in various applications, including enzyme kinetics studies, inhibitor screening, and the detection of NAGase activity in biological samples, such as serum, urine, and cell lysates. It is also used for the identification and characterization of glycosidases in microorganisms and the study of glycosylation-related processes in cells and tissues.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl nonanoate (5BCNI) is a chromogenic substrate for the detection of alkaline phosphatase. It is soluble in most organic solvents and is stable at room temperature for up to 30 days. 5BCNI has been shown to be a high quality, sensitive and specific substrate for the detection of alkaline phosphatase in culture media, diagnostics, conjugates, environmental testing and chemiluminescence. It has also been used as an enzyme substrate in bioluminescence studies. The CAS number for 5BCNI is 133950-77-3.</p>

<p>Aldol® 450 acetate is an enzyme substrate that is used in the detection of aldolase activity. Aldol® 450 acetate has been shown to be a useful alternative to the traditional bioluminescence and chemiluminescence methods for detecting aldolase activity. It has also been shown to be effective as a fluorogenic substrate for detecting aldolase activity in food products. Aldol® 450 acetate can be conjugated with other compounds, such as ligands and dyes, to enable it to detect different enzymes.<br>Aldol® 450 acetate has an absorption maximum at 450 nm and fluoresces blue-green under longwave UV light excitation. It is soluble in water and exhibits excellent stability at high temperatures (up to 50°C) and pH (1-14).</p>

<p>2,4-Dinitrophenyl 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-xylobioside, also known as DNFPX, is a substrate to study the activity of glycosidases. It is a derivative of xylobiose, which is a disaccharide composed of two xylose units. The 2-deoxy-2-fluoro modification on one of the xylose units makes the compound resistant to further hydrolysis by the enzyme, allowing it to be used as a reporter of enzyme activity. The 2,4-Dinitrophenyl group is used as a chromogenic group that enables rapid detection and measurement of the enzyme activity that can be quantitatively measured by monitoring the appearance of the yellow 2,4-dinitrophenyl group when cleavage of the glycosidic bond.</p>

<p>Aldol® 515 beta-D-xylopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate that is used in food testing. It is an alternative to the more common glucose and sucrose, which are not suitable for some types of assays. Aldol® 515 beta-D-xylopyranoside is also used in diagnostics as a ligand for fluorescent antibody staining and chemiluminescence assays. It has been shown to increase the sensitivity of these tests by up to 10 times. The substrate has been tested extensively and is safe for use with a wide range of bacteria including E. coli, S. typhimurium, M. tuberculosis, and C. albicans at concentrations up to 100 mM without any inhibitory effects on growth or viability.<br>END&gt;.</p>