Derivados de Purinas e Pirimidinas

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Dihydro Caffeic Acid 3-O-β-D-Glucuronide is a glucuronide metabolite of Caffeic Acid (C080000).<br>References Clifford, M., et al.: J .Agric. Food Chem., 53, 3821 (2005), Lafay, S., et al.: J. Nutr., 136, 1192 (2006), Poquet, L., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 36, 190 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications A substituted 2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid, an excellent contrast media for ventriculography, radiculography, lumbar myelography and x-rays of the cardiovascular system.<br>References Frocrain, L., et al.: Radiology, 170, 531 (1989), van Waes, P.F., et al.: Eur. J. Radiology, 9,179 (1989)<br></p>

<p>Applications Febuxostat n-butyl Isomer is an impurity of Febuxostat (F229000) which is a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor.<br>References Osada, Y., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 241, 183 (1993); Okamoto, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1848 (2003); Mayer, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Therap., 12, 22 (2005); Tomlinson, B., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 6, 1168 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate in the biosynthesis of Heme, found in the urine of patients with acute porphyria.<br>References Westall, et al.: Nature, 170, 614 (1952), Cookson, R., et al.: Biochem, J., 57, 476 (1954), MacDonald, J., Can. J. Chem., 35, 715 (1957),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications It is a potent and selective inhibitor of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, the enzyme responsible for the NADPH-dependent reduction of 7,8-dihydrofolate to 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate. Antibacterial.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References Manius, G.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 7, 445 (1978), Roth, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 23, 379 (1980), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 23, 405 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications Caffeine-13C is carbon-13 labeled Caffeine (C080100). Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a stimulant drug and a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Caffeine is found in varying quantities in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding on the plants. In humans, caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant, temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. Caffeine is a cardiac and respiratory stimulant; diuretic. Caffeine is toxic at sufficiently high doses.A study at Johns Hopkins University indicates that caffeine can improve pattern separation memory.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zubair, U.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 71 (1986); Cherrah, Y., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 1311 (1988);  Chem. and Eng. News p.34, Jan. 20, (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications A well-known, highly active stimulant of cell divisions in plant tissue cultures.<br>References D.S. Letham: Phytochemistry, 12, 2445 (1973)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Desmethoxypropyl Prucalopride is an impurity of Prucalopride (P838950), a selective 5-HT4 receptor agonist used effective for chronic constipation, but is not currently approved in the U.S. Prucalopride is approved for the treatment of chronic constipation in Europe.<br>References Shah, N., et al.: Am. J. Gastroenterol., 103, 1746 (2008), McKinnell, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 5330 (2009), Shah, N., et al.: Am. J. Gastroenterol., 103, 1746 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Chlorodiphenylamine (cas# 101-17-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Tenofovir (T018500).<br>References Hazra, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 48, 124 (2004), Piketty, C., et al.: Antivir. Ther., 11, 213 (2006), Molto, J., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 29, 648 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected Pemetrexed.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of L-Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid.<br>References Hollunger, G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 34, 391 (1974); Bagchi, S.P. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 900 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of L-Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid.<br>References Hollunger, G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 34, 391 (1974); Bagchi, S.P. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 900 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Descyano Febuxostat is an impurity of Febuxostat (F229000), a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor. Used for treatment of hyperuricemia and chronic gout. 40-120 mg/day febuxostat was proven effective in lowering serum urate levels when administered to manage hyperuricemia in patients with gout.<br>References Kadivar, M.H., et. al.: J. Pharmaceut. Biomed. Anal., 56, 749 (2011); Vallu, V., et. al.: Anal. Chem. Indian J., 14, 339 (2014); Osada, Y., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 241, 183 (1993); Okamoto, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1848 (2003); Mayer, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Therap., 12, 22 (2005); Tomlinson, B., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 6, 1168 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylate is used in the synthesis of the major metabolites of Febuxostat (F229000), a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor. Used for treatment of hyperuricemia and chronic gout. 40-120 mg/day febuxostat was proven effective in lowering serum urate levels when administered to manage hyperuricemia in patients with gout.<br>References Li, X., et. al.: Lett. Org. Chem., 12, 217 (2015); Vallu, V., et. al.: Anal. Chem. Indian J., 14, 339 (2014); Osada, Y., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 241, 183 (1993); Okamoto, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1848 (2003); Mayer, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Therap., 12, 22 (2005); Tomlinson, B., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 6, 1168 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled specific serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist. Antiemetic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kris, M.G., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 6, 659 (1988), Faris, P..L., et al.: Lances, 355, 792 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Stability Store tightly sealed at RT<br>Applications Paraxanthine is an adenosine receptor ligand and a major metabolite of caffeine.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 3260 (1981); Cell Mol. Neurobiol., 3, 69 (1983); Eur. J. Pharmacol., 179, 295 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Rizatriptan (Risatriptan) is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B/1D receptor agonist used in the study of migraine.</p>

<p>Impurity Memantine Related Compound A (1,3-Dimethyladamantane)<br>Applications 1,3-Dimethyladamantane is a dimethylated adamantane derivative. Memantine impurity A. Memantine Related Compound A (1,3-Dimethyladamantane).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications Found in animal organs, yeast, patatoes, coffee beans, tea. This drug can be used to relax and widen certain breathing passages of the lungs. It is also found that a large number of derivatives have adenoside receptor antagonist properties.<br>References Mueller, C. et. al: Handbook Exp. Pharmacol. 200,151(2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Theophylline.<br>References Chen, Y., et al.: Clin. Exper. Pharmacol. Physiol., 36, 828 (2009), Yu, C., et al.: J. Bacteriol., 191, 4624 (2009), Jetter, A., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 65, 411 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Ondansetron.<br>References Colthup, P., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 80, 868 (1991), Miyauchi, S., et al.: Pharm. Res.,10, 434 (1993), Ekins, S., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 23, 1274 (1995), Worboys, P., et al.: Xenobiotica, 26, 897 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Nitrotyrosine (N597000), which is excreted in the urine.<br>References van der Vliet, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 272, 7617 (1997), Tabrizi-Fard, M., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 429 (1999), Souza, J., et al.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 380, 360 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of DAMPA.<br>References Bleyer, W., et al.: Cancer, 41, 36 ( 1978), Abelson, H., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 1, 208 (1983), Fabre, G., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 35, 1325 (1986), Widemann, B., et al.: Clin. Chem., 45, 223 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methylimidazole is a monomethylated imidazole that can be used as a building block in the preparation of a wide range of biologically active compounds. 2-Methylimidazole as well as other imidazoles can be use as catalyst for refolding of enhanced coloured fluorescent protein. 2-Methylimidazole has been identified as a byproduct of fermentation and is detected in foods and mainstream and side-stream tobacco smoke.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Shi, R. et al.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 459, 122 (2007); Chan, P.C. et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 82, 399 (2008); Nishie, K. et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 14, 301 (1969);<br></p>

<p>Applications Succinimide is a reagent that is used in the synthesis of Lumiflavin (L473900), which is a toxic photolysis product of vitamin B2 (R415000).<br>References Zhao, X. et al.: Chemosphere, 63, 1116 (2006); Litke, S.V. et al.: Khim. Fiz., 10, 48 (1991); Ye, W. et al.: Guang. Yaox. Xueb., 12, 175 (1996);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications An impurity of Tenofovir Disoproxil (T018505(P)), which is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue; reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is used as an anti-HIV agent and an antiviral.<br>References Gan, L., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 24, 344 (1996), Annaert, P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 492 (1997), Naesens, L., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 42, 1568 (1998), Shaw, J. P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications Acetal is a flavouring component of Baiju and Rum. It is also a useful reactant in organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Franitza, Laura, et al.: J. of Agric. and Food Chem., 64(47), 9041-9053 (2016);<br></p>

<p>Applications Metabolite of Caffeine (C080100).<br>References Grant, D.M., et al.: Clin. Pharm. and Ther., 33, 591 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl 2-(3-formyl-4-isobutoxyphenyl)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylate is an impurity of Febuxostat (F229000), which is a xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor, used for treatment of hyperuricemia and chronic gout.<br>References Okamoto, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1848 (2003); Mayer, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Therap., 12, 22 (2005); Tomlinson, B., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 6, 1168 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Methotrexate EP Impurity B<br>Applications Aminopterin (Methotrexate EP Impurity B) is a folic acid antagonist. Its actively transported into cells by thefolate transporter. In the cell, its converted to a high molecular weight polyglutamate metabolite by folylpolyglutamate synthase, that, in turn, binds to dihydrofolate reductase and inhibits its activity.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Matherly, L.H., et al.: Cancer Res., 45, 1073 (1985), Rumberger, B.G., et al.: Cancer Res., 50, 4639 (1990), Roy, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 273, 2526 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Nicotinamide.<br>References Musfeld, C., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 24, 391 (2001), Sakakibara, Y., et al.: Brain Res., 931, 68 (2002), Zielonka, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 668 (2006), Wieczorkowska, M., et al.: Pharmacol. Rep., 59, 216 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Ondansetron.<br>References Colthup, P., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 80, 868 (1991), Miyauchi, S., et al.: Pharm. Res.,10, 434 (1993), Ekins, S., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 23, 1274 (1995), Worboys, P., et al.: Xenobiotica, 26, 897 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Zolmitriptan USP Related Compound H<br>Applications 4-Dimethylaminobutyraldehyde Diethyl Acetal (Zolmitriptan USP Related Compound H) is used in the preparation of N,N-Dimethyltryptamines, 5-HT1D receptor agonists, for medicinal treatments such as antimigraine drugs.<br>References Chen, C. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 59, 3738 (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications The essential intermediate metabolite from which the active metabolite of Clopidogel is formed.<br>References Feliste, R., et al.: Thromb. Res., 48, 403 (1987), Savi, P., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 44, 527 (1992), Herbert, J., et al.: Cardiovasc Drug. Rev., 11, 180 (1993), Sugidachi, A., et al.: B. J. Pharmacol., 132, 47 (2001)<br></p>

<p>Applications A degradation product of Nicotinic acid (N429250). An impurity of Nicotinic acid.<br>References Ensign, J., et al.: Biol. Chem., 239, 2285 (1964), Houghton, C., et al.: Biochem. J., 130, 879 (1972),<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Used in conjunction with Isothiocyanate to conduct partial Edman Degradation on biologically active peptides.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Heidenreich, O., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 2131 (1994), Kothe, U., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 356, 148 (2006), Thakkar, A., et al.: Anal. Chem., 78, 5935 (2006),<br></p>