Monossacáridos

<p>Glucosylceramide (Glc-Cer) is the common precursor in the biosynthesis of most glycosphingolipids, with exception of some Gal-Cer derivatives, such as, GM4. Glucosylceramide consists of a glucosyl moiety which is β-O-glycosydically linked to ceramide, which itself, consists of the long-chain aminoalcohol sphingosine and a fatty acid. Glucosylceramide (also called glucocerebroside) is synthesised enzymatically, by the glucosylceramide synthase-catalysed with the addition of a glucose residue to ceramide. Glucosylceramide is involved in the regulation of various cellular events and also serves as a main constituent in liposome formulations.</p>

<p>Glucose 6-phosphatase substrate</p>

<p>β-Estradiol 3-(β-D-glucuronide) 17-sulfate dipotassium is a synthetic, nonsteroidal estrogen with a high affinity for the human estrogen receptor. It is used in the treatment of various types of breast cancer and as hormone replacement therapy. β-Estradiol 3-(β-D-glucuronide) 17-sulfate dipotassium is a part of the drug class selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). The compound has been shown to have antiestrogenic activity through its ability to compete with estradiol for binding to the estrogen receptor. This compound also has some antiandrogenic effects and can inhibit sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), leading to increased levels of free testosterone in blood plasma.</p>

<p>Diosmetin-7-O-b-D-glucopyranoside is a coumarin derivative that is found in the root of the Chinese herb Dioscorea tinctoria. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory genes, and it also has antioxidant properties. The chemical structure of diosmetin has been shown to be similar to protocatechuic acid, an important phenolic acid that can be found in wine and vinegar. Diosmetin has also been shown to inhibit mitochondrial apoptosis, which may contribute to its anti-cancer effects. Diosmetin has been shown to increase postprandial blood glucose levels in rats fed a high fat diet, and this effect may be due to its ability to inhibit peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) activity.</p>

<p>D-Glucosamine-3,4,6-tri-O-sulphate trisodium salt is a high purity and custom synthesis of D-glucosamine. It is a sugar with click modification and fluorination. It has CAS No. 157297-03-5 and it is synthesized from glycosylation, methylation, and modification. It has a molecular weight of 517.85 g/mol and the chemical formula C9H14N2O12S3NaO6. Glucosamine is an oligosaccharide that can be found in many complex carbohydrates such as chitin or cellulose.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosyl serine is a compound that belongs to the class of coumarins and monosaccharides. It contains a nitro group and a heterocycle, making it a unique and versatile molecule. This compound has been studied for its various properties, including its interaction with liver microsomes and its ability to undergo crystallization. Additionally, 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosyl serine has shown promising effects on TGF-beta activation and has been found to inhibit aldehyde formation in trichloroacetic acid solutions. This compound also exhibits interactions with other molecules such as pyrazine, ofloxacin, and famotidine. Its diverse characteristics make it an intriguing compound for further research and potential applications in various fields.</p>

<p>Beta-rutinose is a potent kinase inhibitor that has shown anti-tumor activity in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. It inhibits the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases, which are essential for cell division and proliferation. Beta-rutinose has been shown to induce apoptosis in human cancer cells, making it a promising candidate for anticancer therapy. This compound is an analog of rutin, a flavonoid found in many plants, and has been shown to have potent anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. Beta-rutinose inhibits the growth of cancer cells by blocking the activity of specific kinases involved in tumor progression, making it an attractive target for developing new cancer therapies. Additionally, this compound has been found to be effective at reducing protein levels associated with cancer cell growth and proliferation.</p>

<p>2,3-O-Isopropylidene-L-glyceraldehyde (2,3-OIPA) is a synthetic compound that was developed as an alternative to paraformaldehyde for the synthesis of enantiopure compounds. It has been used in metathesis reactions and catalysed the conversion of β-unsaturated ketones to enantiopure products. 2,3-OIPA also has significant cytotoxic activity against a range of human cancer cell lines. This compound can be used in asymmetric syntheses to produce chiral molecules with a high degree of optical purity.</p>

<p>Irbesartan N-b-D-glucuronide is a complex carbohydrate that is a synthetic saccharide. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of irbesartan, which is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Irbesartan N-b-D-glucuronide has been shown to have antihypertensive properties, inhibiting the activity of the renin-angiotensin system and increasing blood flow to the kidneys. It also inhibits the growth of cancer cells. This compound can be custom synthesized for your specific needs and purities can be controlled to meet your specifications.</p>

<p>5-Thio-L-fucose is a sugar that is found in a variety of tissues and organs. It has been shown to inhibit the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by binding to the Fc portion of IgG antibodies, which are used to target and destroy cancer cells. 5-Thio-L-fucose has also been shown to modulate the effector functions of natural killer cells and enhance the glycan profile of dendritic cells. It may be useful as a supplement for patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy, where it may help inhibit the growth of tumor cells. 5-Thio-L-fucose inhibits ADCC activity by binding to IgG antibodies, preventing them from attaching to immune cells, which would otherwise act as effectors in destroying tumor cells. This inhibition can be reversed with a competitive inhibitor such as D-arabinose.</p>

<p>6-Phosphogluconic acid trisodium is a synthetic, non-natural glycosylation product that is used as a building block in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It can be fluorinated or methylated, and modified with a click reaction to produce various derivatives. The compound has been shown to have high purity and is readily available from commercial suppliers.</p>

<p>1,2,3-Tri-O-benzoyl-a-L-fucopyranose is a synthetic, fluorinated monosaccharide that can be synthesized from D-glucose in two steps. It is a useful building block for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different glycosylation patterns. This compound has been shown to react with methyl iodide to form 1,2,3-triiodo-a-L-fucopyranose. It has also been used as a click modification reagent for carbohydrates.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-deoxy-L-ribofuranoside is an intermediate in the synthesis of l-arabinose. It can be obtained by the reaction of methyl 2,3-dideoxy-D-ribofuranoside with pivaloyl chloride. The antiviral activity of this compound has been shown by its ability to inhibit the replication of influenza A virus. Methyl 2-deoxy-L-ribofuranoside is a fluorinating agent that can be used for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and nucleosides. This intermediate also serves as a substrate for a number of organic reactions, including regioselective and stereoselective chlorination.</p>

<p>Tetra-O-galloyl glucose is a pentagalloyl glucose that is found in the Chinese herb Paeonia lactiflora. It has been shown to inhibit the replication of hepatitis B virus, and can be used for the treatment of hepatitis B infection. Tetra-O-galloyl glucose also has anti-inflammatory activities, which may be due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucuronide methyl ester is a lactone that can be used as a precursor for the synthesis of various types of compounds. The chemical structure was determined by high-resolution x-ray diffraction to be a planar molecule with two conformations: one where the four acetyl groups are on different sides and another where they are all on the same side. The latter conformation is more stable due to the dihedral angle between the hydroxyl group and carbonyl group. This compound is an intermediate in synthesizing 2-(4'-hydroxybenzoyl)-1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-.alpha.-D-.beta.-D glucopyranoside methyl ester by reacting with 3-(3'-azido)benzaldehyde. The single crystal x-ray diffraction study revealed that this compound has a conformation</p>

<p>5-Deoxy-D-ribose is a molecule that is an intermediate in the shikimate pathway, which produces the aromatic amino acids. 5-Deoxy-D-ribose can be synthesized from D-ribose and shikimic acid. The biosynthesis of 5-deoxy-D-ribose is catalyzed by the enzyme ribose 5'-phosphate kinase, which converts ribose 5'-phosphate to 5-deoxy--D--ribose phosphate. This reaction requires ATP as a source of energy, and it is inhibited by phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP). The asymmetric synthesis of 5-deoxy--D--ribose has been achieved with a chiral Lewis acid catalyst. The molecular structure of 5-deoxy--D--ribose has been determined by NMR spectroscopy. Shikimate pathways are present in mammalian cells, but not in plants or bacteria.</p>

<p>A thio-sugar</p>

<p>a-D-Glucoheptonic acid calcium salt hydrate is a modification of a glycosylation reaction that is typically used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. The modification is called Click chemistry, and it occurs through a copper-catalyzed reaction between an azide and an alkyne. This type of modification can be used to produce complex carbohydrates by linking together different monosaccharides or polysaccharides. It is also used for the production of high-purity monosaccharides and polysaccharides with custom syntheses. The methylation, glycosylation, fluorination, and saccharide modifications are all variations on this process.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzyl-5-thio-D-glucono-1,5-lactone is a complex carbohydrate that can be modified with methylation and glycosylation. It is a saccharide that can be modified by fluorination and click modification. This compound is synthesized by the polymerization of allose in the presence of an enzyme to produce 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-(benzyloxymethyl)-5-thio--D--glucono--1,5--lactone.</p>

<p>Benzyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic compound with a molecular weight of 342.45 g/mol. It is a white to pale yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in water and methanol. The chemical formula for this compound is C12H14N2O6 and its structural formula is represented as CH2(COOCH3)COOC8H11O6. The CAS number for this compound is 13343-62-9, and the IUPAC name for it is benzyl 2-(2-acetamido)-2,3,4,5,6-pentaacetoxy αDglucopyranoside. This compound has been used in methylation reactions and click chemistry applications due to its ability to form stable carbonyl bonds with other molecules. Benzyl 2-(2-acetamido)-2,3,4,5,6</p>