Substratos enzimáticos

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-GlcNAc-6-phosphocholine is a fluorogenic substrate for phosphodiesterase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-GlcNAc-6-phosphocholineas a substrate for measuring the phosphodiesterase activity is used for Niemann-Pick disease diagnostic assays. It is also used for sphingomyelin metabolism disorder screening.</p>

<p>Fluorescein mono-b-D-galactopyranoside or FMG is a fluorogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase. The fluorophore fluorescein is released after enzymatic cleavage, exhibiting a greenish fluorescent. This substrate is particularly valuable in gene expression studies (e.g., lacZ reporter assays) and as a probe for cell-based assays for real-time monitoring.</p>

<p>A non-metabolizable allolactose analogue, widely used in molecular biology for overexpression of recombinant proteins from inducible systems under the control of lac promoter. IPTG binds to the LacI repressor and causes its release from the lac operator, allowing gene expression to take place. Present in vectors of pGEX, pGEM-T, pET, pRSET, pMAL class and others.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 2-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-glucosidase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl 2-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside is used in different applications such as the Cellulose degradation studies, biofuel research</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside 6-sulfate sodium salt is a fluorogenic substrate for sulfatase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside 6-sulfate sodium saltas a substrate for measuring the sulfatase activity is used for Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) screening and other lysosomal storage disorder diagnosis.</p>

<p>Resorufin b-D-glucuronide sodium salt is used as a fluorogenic substrate for beta-glucuronidase (GUS) to study drug metabolism.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-benzylidene-alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for alpha-glucosidase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-benzylidene-alpha-D-glucopyranoside is used in different applications such as the Pompe disease diagnosis, glycogen metabolism research</p>

<p>a-Naphthyl phosphate disodium salt hydrate is a highly water-soluble chromogenic substrate used to determine phosphatase activity in research and analytical applications, particularly for staining and differentiating acid and alkaline phosphatases.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 6-O-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for alpha-mannosidase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl 6-O-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D-mannopyranoside is used in different applications such as the Lysosomal storage disorder diagnosis (e.g., alpha-mannosidosis)</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is an efficient chromogenic pNP enzyme substrate ideal for monitoring enzyme activity and understanding carbohydrate metabolism. This galacto-glucoside compound is designed specifically for use with glycosidases such as hexosaminidases and delivers unparalleled performance in your enzymatic assays.</p>

<p>Substrate for aminopeptidase A</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 6-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorescent substrate that is used in diagnostics and culture media. It can be used to detect the presence of aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as gentamicin, by using the fluorogenic or chromogenic reaction. 4NP6BG has been shown to bind to the beta subunit of RNA polymerase and inhibit transcription, which can be useful for testing environmental samples for the presence of aminoglycosides.</p>

<p>Chromogenic beta-maltosidase substrate</p>

<p>Hexadecanoylamino-4-methylumbelliferyl b-D-galactopyranoside is a substrate used for the diagnosis of Krabbe disease. Krabbe disease (globoid cell leukodystrophy/ galactosylceramide lipidosis), is a rare and often fatal lysosomal storage disease that results in progressive damage to the nervous system. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern and involves dysfunctional metabolism of sphingolipids (MG44866 b-D-Galactosylsphingosine - Synthetic)</p>

<p>5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indolyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate that yields a magenta-colored product after cleavage. The chromophore 5-bromo-6-chloro-indoxyl is released, generating the observable color. It is used in mucopolysaccharidosis screening.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-ethylidene-?-D-maltoheptaoside is a substrate used in a reference measurement method for ?-amylase activity in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, approved by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC). The substrate is hydrolysed by serum ?-amylase into shorter 4-nitrophenylated oligosaccharides and their free counterparts. These reaction products are channeled into an indicator reaction with ?-glucosidase and are degraded into glucose and the chromophore, 4-nitrophenol.</p>

<p>3-Indolyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that reacts with the enzyme β-galactosidase to produce a blue product. This product can be used to diagnose the presence of β-galactosidase in culture media, as well as in food and environmental testing. 3IAG is also a chromogenic substrate that can be used for detection of β-galactosidase activity.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl myristate is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of lipase or esterase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl myristate is used in screening assays for pancreatic lipase deficiency and lipid metabolism studies.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-1,3-diacetate (BCID) is a potent and selective inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase enzyme. BCID has been shown to inhibit the growth of various cell cultures in vitro including murine and human cells. BCID has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of TNF-α production in murine models for asthma and allergic rhinitis. The drug has also been shown to reversibly inhibit the activity of the enzyme without affecting its ability to bind substrate or to regenerate active enzyme form inactive enzyme, indicating that it does not act as a suicide inhibitor.</p>

<p>A substrate for visualising alkaline phosphatase activity. Produces a red colored insoluble end product that is detected visually, when used together with nitroblue tetrazolium. The substrate system is versatile and functions in a variety of applications, including Northern, Southern, and Western blotting, in situ hybridization, ELISAs and immunohistochemistry. DMF soluble.</p>