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CAS 60-25-3

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Hexamethonium chloride

Description:
Hexamethonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound that acts as a ganglionic blocker, primarily used in the treatment of hypertension. It is characterized by its chemical formula C12H18ClN and a molecular weight of approximately 229.74 g/mol. As a quaternary ammonium salt, it is soluble in water and exhibits a positive charge at physiological pH, which limits its ability to cross biological membranes, including the blood-brain barrier. Hexamethonium chloride functions by inhibiting the transmission of nerve impulses in autonomic ganglia, leading to a decrease in sympathetic nervous system activity. This results in vasodilation and a subsequent reduction in blood pressure. The compound is typically administered via injection and has been largely replaced by more effective antihypertensive agents due to its side effects and limited therapeutic applications. Safety and handling precautions are necessary, as it can cause various adverse effects, including hypotension and gastrointestinal disturbances. Overall, hexamethonium chloride serves as an important historical example in pharmacology, illustrating the development of ganglionic blocking agents.
Formula:C12H30N2·2Cl
InChI:InChI=1S/C12H30N2.2ClH/c1-13(2,3)11-9-7-8-10-12-14(4,5)6;;/h7-12H2,1-6H3;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
InChI key:InChIKey=PYIHTIJNCRKDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-L
SMILES:C([N+](C)(C)C)CCCCC[N+](C)(C)C.[Cl-]
Synonyms:
  • 1,6-Hexanediaminium, N,N,N,N',N',N'-hexamethyl-, dichloride
  • 1,6-Hexanediaminium, N1,N1,N1,N6,N6,N6-hexamethyl-, chloride (1:2)
  • 1,6-Hexanediaminium, N<sup>1</sup>,N<sup>1</sup>,N<sup>1</sup>,N<sup>6</sup>,N<sup>6</sup>,N<sup>6</sup>-hexamethyl-, chloride (1:2)
  • Ai3-61433
  • Ammonium, hexamethylenebis(trimethyl-, dichloride
  • Bistrium chloride
  • Chloor-hexaviet
  • Esomid chloride
  • Hestrium chloride
  • Hexamethionium chloride
  • See more synonyms
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