CAS 89-24-7: Phenylhydantoin
Description:Phenylhydantoin, also known as phenytoin, is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used to manage seizures, particularly in epilepsy. It is classified as a hydantoin derivative and has a chemical formula of C15H15N2O2. This substance appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder and is relatively insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and acetone. Phenylhydantoin functions by stabilizing neuronal membranes and reducing the excitability of neurons, thereby preventing seizure activity. Its mechanism of action involves the modulation of sodium channels, which helps to maintain the balance of electrical activity in the brain. The compound is typically administered orally or intravenously, and its pharmacokinetics can be influenced by factors such as dosage, formulation, and individual patient metabolism. Side effects may include dizziness, drowsiness, and potential long-term effects on bone health. Due to its narrow therapeutic index, careful monitoring of blood levels is essential to avoid toxicity and ensure effective treatment.
Formula:C9H8N2O2
InChI:InChI=1S/C9H8N2O2/c12-8-7(10-9(13)11-8)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5,7H,(H2,10,11,12,13)
InChI key:InChIKey=NXQJDVBMMRCKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES:O=C1NC(=O)C(N1)C=2C=CC=CC2
- Synonyms:
- 2,4-Imidazolidinedione, 5-phenyl-
- 5-Phenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione
- 5-Phenylimidazolidine-2,4-Dione
- 5-Phenylimidazoline-2,4-dione
- <span class="text-smallcaps">DL</span>-5-Phenylhydantoin
- Ai3-61187
- Hydantoin, 5-phenyl-
- Hydantoin, 5-phenyl- (8CI)
- NSC 40885
- NSC 51847
- See more synonyms
- Nsc 27302
- Phenylhydantoin
- 5-Phenylhydantoin
