Description:Protamine sulfate is a polypeptide derived from fish sperm, primarily used as an anticoagulant antagonist to reverse the effects of heparin, a common anticoagulant medication. It is composed of a mixture of protamines, which are rich in arginine and have a high positive charge, allowing them to bind effectively to negatively charged heparin molecules. This interaction neutralizes heparin's anticoagulant properties, making protamine sulfate essential in clinical settings, particularly during surgeries or procedures requiring rapid reversal of heparin. The substance is typically administered intravenously and has a relatively short half-life, necessitating careful dosing and monitoring. Protamine sulfate can also induce allergic reactions in some patients, particularly those with fish allergies, and its use requires caution in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity. Additionally, it may cause side effects such as hypotension and bradycardia if administered too rapidly. Overall, protamine sulfate plays a critical role in managing anticoagulation during medical procedures.
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