Cytochrome P450 refers to a large family of enzymes that play a crucial role in the metabolism of various substances, including drugs, steroids, and fatty acids. These enzymes are characterized by their heme-containing active site, which allows them to catalyze the oxidation of organic substances. The term "P450" derives from the absorption peak at 450 nm when the enzyme is complexed with carbon monoxide. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are predominantly found in the liver, where they facilitate the detoxification and bioactivation of xenobiotics. They exhibit a high degree of specificity and can be influenced by various factors, including genetic variations, environmental factors, and the presence of other substances. This enzyme family is essential for pharmacokinetics, as it affects drug metabolism and interactions. Additionally, cytochrome P450 enzymes are involved in the synthesis of important biomolecules, making them vital for numerous physiological processes. Their diverse functions and significant role in drug metabolism make them a key focus of pharmacological and toxicological research.

Cytochrome P450

9035-51-2: Cytochrome P450 refers to a large family of enzymes that play a crucial role in the metabolism of various substances, including drugs, steroids, and fatty acids. These enzymes are characterized by their heme-containing active site, which allows them to catalyze the oxidation of organic substances. The term "P450" derives from the absorption peak at 450 nm when the enzyme is complexed with carbon monoxide. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are predominantly found in the liver, where they facilitate the detoxification and bioactivation of xenobiotics. They exhibit a high degree of specificity and can be influenced by various factors, including genetic variations, environmental factors, and the presence of other substances. This enzyme family is essential for pharmacokinetics, as it affects drug metabolism and interactions. Additionally, cytochrome P450 enzymes are involved in the synthesis of important biomolecules, making them vital for numerous physiological processes. Their diverse functions and significant role in drug metabolism make them a key focus of pharmacological and toxicological research.

<p>Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) is an enzyme that metabolizes retinoic acid, which is an important signaling molecule in the development and homeostasis of various tissues. CYP2C19 also metabolizes a variety of other compounds including xenobiotics such as drugs, carcinogens and environmental pollutants. CYP2C19 has been found to have a polymorphism at position 331 (I331V), which has been shown to be associated with an increase in metabolism of retinoic acid. This variant leads to increased activity for the enzyme and can result in vitamin A deficiency, hypervitaminosis A or teratogenicity.</p>

CAS 9035-51-2

Cytochrome P450

Cytochrome P450 2C19 I331V, human

Ref: 3D-JAA03551