CAS 9038-94-2

Metallothionein from horse kidney, designated by the CAS number 9038-94-2, is a low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich protein that plays a crucial role in metal ion homeostasis and detoxification in biological systems. Characteristically, metallothioneins are composed of a high proportion of cysteine residues, which facilitate the binding of various metal ions, including zinc, copper, and cadmium, through the formation of metal-thiolate clusters. This protein exhibits a high degree of structural flexibility, allowing it to adapt to different metal ion binding states. Metallothionein is primarily found in the cytoplasm and is involved in protecting cells from metal toxicity and oxidative stress. Additionally, it plays a role in cellular processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis. The expression of metallothionein can be induced by heavy metals and other stressors, making it a significant biomarker for environmental exposure and physiological responses to metal ions. Its unique properties and functions make metallothionein an important subject of study in toxicology, biochemistry, and environmental science.