Amino Acid Derivatives

L-Tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride is an allylation product of L-tryptophan, which is a precursor to serotonin and melatonin. It is used in the synthesis of benzodiazepine receptor ligands and has serotonergic activity. L-Tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride can be synthesized from L-tryptophan by amination reaction with methylamine and formaldehyde in the presence of a base. This chemical compound was also shown to have antitumour activity against MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells, which may be due to its ability to inhibit cell proliferation.

Phospho-L-arginine is a derivative of arginine.

L-Phenylalanyl-L-threonine is a dipeptide composed of phenylalanine and threonine, which can be utilized in the synthesis of the cyclic hexapeptide [Banyascyclamide A].

Fmoc-NH-PEG6-alcohol, a cleavable ADC linker, is employed in the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) [1].

(R)-2-formamido-4-methylpentanoic acid is a derivative of leucine.

2-Amino-5-methyl-5-hexenoic acid ((S)-2-Amino-5-methylhex-5-enoic acid) acts as a methionine analog, competing with methionine and thereby hindering cell growth. This compound inhibits protein synthesis in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 and Escherichia coli K-12 without affecting the synthesis of DNA or RNA.

Erizepine, an octopamine receptor 3 (OAR3) antagonist, exhibits a Ki value of 474 nM. This compound is utilized in insect research.

D-allo-Threoninol is a conformational analogue of threonine. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. D-allo-Threoninol binds to the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) by forming hydrogen bonds with its amino acid side chains. This binding prevents the formation of the MAT-coenzyme A complex, inhibiting protein synthesis and cell division.

A specific substrate for dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (DPP IV). Gly-Pro-MNA is very suitable for histochemical purposes.

Leu-OMe (LME) causes lysosomal disruption and death of human monocytes (M phi). In addition, LME removed natural killer cell (NK) activity from human peripheral mononuclear cells (PBM). During incubation of human lymphocytes with Leu-OMe, the dipeptide Leu-Leu-OMe which is responsible for the NK-toxicity, is formed.

Glucagon antagonist.

Amylin (20-29) (or hIAPP 20-29) forms fibrils that are ultrastructurally identical to amyloid fibrils seen in pancreatic islets. The region SNNFGAILSS appears to be the most important amyloidogenic sequence of hIAPP (human islet amyloid polypeptide).

The 33-amino acid neuropeptide neuromedin S (NMS) was originally isolated from rat brain as an endogenous ligand for two orphan G protein-coupled receptors FM-3/GPR66 and FM-4/TGR-1, which have been identified as neuromedin U (NMU) receptors. hNMS-33 is specifically expressed in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. It has been shown that NMS is implicated in the regulation of circadian rhythms through autocrine and/or paracrine actions.

VSV-8, RGYVYQGL, corresponds to positions 52 to 59 of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) nucleoprotein which is expressed in the cytosol of cells infected by VSV. CTL response against VSV in H-2Kb mice is directed against this immunodominant peptide. VSV-8 forms a complex with murine MHC class I molecule H-2Kb, which is similar to human HLA class I.