Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Research has shown that (4-Ethoxy-3-methoxybenzyl)amine (EMBA) is a potent inhibitor of bacterial growth. The alkylation of EMBA with methylamine and benzene leads to the formation of aureus, which is an antibiotic that can be used to treat staphylococcus infections. In addition, EMBA can also be methylated with hydroxylamine to form benzylamine, a compound that inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall in bacteria. These properties make EMBA an effective antimicrobial agent.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

N-(2-Phenylethyl)benzenesulfonamide is a biodegradable and aerobic catalyst that is used in the production of nitrates. It can be recycled and has a high solubility, which allows for efficient extraction from wastewater effluents. The reactor system can be operated at an aerobic or anaerobic conditions. N-(2-Phenylethyl)benzenesulfonamide is soluble in water and can be hydrolyzed by acids or bases to release ammonia gas. The process can also be sustainable due to the use of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, tidal, or biomass power.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Benzyne is a reactive intermediate that is formed by the tautomerization of 5-bromo-1,3-dimethylpyridin-2(1H)-one. It is an adduct between a bromine atom and a benzene ring. This compound has been shown to react with electron-rich olefins to form bicyclic compounds called diels-alder adducts. These reactions are often catalyzed by metals, such as palladium or nickel. Benzyne also reacts with triple bonds or other electron rich centers to form benzyne adducts, which are highly reactive and can be used as chemical probes for electron density in molecules.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-(2-Methylpyridin-3-yl)ethanone is a ketone that can be synthesized using the reaction of methyl sulfone, benzyl sulfone, and sulphone. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis and has been used as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). 1-(2-Methylpyridin-3-yl)ethanone has also been shown to have analgesic effects in mice. This synthetic compound may be useful in treating inflammation, pain, and fever.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1,2,3,4,5-Pentachlorobenzene is a chlorinated hydrocarbon that is used in the production of pesticides and herbicides. It is an ingredient in the manufacturing of pentachlorophenol and pentachloronitrobenzene. 1,2,3,4,5-Pentachlorobenzene has been used as a chemical intermediate or solvent for the production of other chemicals. The emissions from this chemical can be harmful to humans and animals because it has been shown to affect enzyme activities at sublethal doses. It also affects rat liver microsomes and causes DNA damage that can lead to cancer.

2,2-Dibromopropane is a synthetic chemical that has been used as a precursor in the production of nylon. It is an activator that can be used to form covalent bonds with reactive groups on other molecules. The activation energy for the reaction with piperazine is between 104 and 106 kJ/mol. 2,2-Dibromopropane undergoes acylation reactions under certain conditions, forming reaction products such as 2,2-dibromoethyl acetate and 2,2-dibromoethanol. The molecular weight of 2,2-dibromopropane is 192.19 g/mol and its structural formula is CHBrCHBrCHBrCHBrC≡C≡C≡C≡C≡C≡CC(O)OH.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-Monotetranoin is a fatty ester that is involved in the process of lipolysis, which is the breakdown of fat cells. Lipolysis occurs when an enzyme called lipase hydrolyzes triglycerides into glycerol and three fatty acids. 1-Monotetranoin has been shown to be a potent stimulator of growth factor production and cell proliferation in vivo models. It has also been shown to be effective at inhibiting angiogenic processes in vitro, including the release of growth factors from fat cells. The neutral pH optimum for 1-monotetranoin is between 7 and 8, which may be due to its hydrophobic nature.

Tris(hydroxymethyl)propane is a diphenyl ether that has been shown to have an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) spectrum in the human serum that is similar to those of other known antioxidants. Tris(hydroxymethyl)propane has been shown to protect against light-induced damage in human skin cells, and it also has radiation protective effects. Tris(hydroxymethyl)propane has also been shown to interact with trimethylolpropane, which is another antioxidant, and this interaction may affect the effectiveness of each agent. Tris(hydroxymethyl)propane inhibits lipid peroxidation by inhibiting the oxidation of fatty acids and hydroxyl groups on proteins.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Chloro-6-(chloromethyl)pyridine (2C6CP) is a chloride precursor that can be used for the synthesis of metal chlorides, such as copper chlorides. 2C6CP is synthesized by reacting thionyl chloride with the substituted pyridine under anhydrous conditions at -78°C. The resultant 2C6CP is then hydrolyzed to produce the desired chloride.
2C6CP has been shown to act as a ligand in coordination chemistry. It was first synthesized by reacting 3-chloropyridine with thionyl chloride and then hydrolyzing it to 2-chloropyridine. This method was later modified to use 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride instead of 3-chloropyridine, producing 2,4-dichloropyridine.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Bromo-2-methyl-furan is a substituted quinoline. It is a synthetic reagent that can be used for the synthesis of bromofuran derivatives. The methyl group on the 3rd carbon atom in 3-bromo-2-methyl-furan is a substituent that can be exchanged with other substituents, such as alkylation, to produce a variety of products.
3-Bromo-2-methyl furan has been shown to be able to extract metal ions from their complexes and form stable complexes. This property makes it an ideal reagent for metalation reactions.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-Hydroxycyclopentane-1-carbonitrile is a monomer that is hydrolyzed to form benzoin and cyanohydrins. It can be used in the production of scifinder as a monomer or dimerizer.

2-Bromo-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene is a chemical compound that has been synthesized in an asymmetric reaction. The reactant is bromopropane and the product is 2,2,2-trifluoropropene. The methylene group on the propene molecule is activated by the nucleophilic attack of a fluoride ion from hydrogen fluoride to form a cavity with a highly strained bond. The kinetic study of this reaction revealed that the activation energy for the reaction is 42 kJ/mol. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions are catalyzed by palladium and require nonpolar solvents such as toluene or dichloromethane. This type of reaction has been shown to be exothermic with an isolated yield of 1%.

3-Hydroxy-5-methylpyridine (3HMP) is a chemical substance that has been classified as an amine. It is a product of the metabolism of purines, which are nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA. 3HMP is produced by aerogenic bacteria (such as Enterobacter), and can be used to estimate the number of these bacteria present in water samples. 3HMP has been shown to have antiviral properties against influenza virus, and can be used as a biomarker for the presence of other viruses in animals. 3HMP also has mineralization properties, which have been studied extensively, particularly with regards to pancreatic disease.

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Versatile small molecule scaffold

4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione is a carbonyl compound that is the product of the oxidation of ascorbic acid. It is used in wastewater treatment and has antimicrobial properties against infectious diseases. This compound has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome and preventing the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione has also been shown to bind to plasma proteins, which may be due to its acyl chain structure. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione can be synthesized in a catalytic mechanism that involves dehydroascorbic acid and molecular oxygen.

Piperyline is an alkanoic acid that has shown to be effective against skin cancer. It also has antimicrobial properties, which may be due to its ability to bind metal ions and form polymeric compounds. Piperyline inhibits microbial growth by inhibiting the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. The antimicrobial activity is related to its cationic polymerization with hydroxyl groups, which forms a structure that can inhibit microbial enzymes and disrupt microbial cell membranes. This compound also interacts with the skin's natural lipids, making it difficult for microorganisms to attach and grow on the skin. Piperyline is synthesized in organic chemistry laboratories as an amide precursor of other pharmaceuticals such as penicillin.