Building Blocks

<p>6-Ethynyl-2-methylquinoline is a natural product that can be synthesized by the photochemical reaction of arylacetylenes with styrenes. The synthesis proceeds via an anti-markovnikov cyclization to yield the desired product. This process requires two steps and produces two products, one being 6-ethynyl-2-methylquinoline. Protodeboronation then takes place on the methyl group to yield 6-ethynylquinoline. Mechanistic studies have shown that this reaction is catalytic, with regioselectivity controlled by the protodeboronation step.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>2-Pyridyl-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid is a ligand that can be used to study the molecular orbitals of coordination complexes. The ligand binds to metal ions and forms metalloproteins, which are compounds that contain metals and proteins. 2-Pyridyl-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid has been shown to form dinuclear complexes with metal ions such as rhenium, which are important for chemical processes including catalytic reactions. The ligand also has an electron configuration that is similar to those of molecules in the group 18 elements in the periodic table, making it a good candidate for studying the electronic structure of these elements. X-ray crystallography studies have shown that this ligand binds to a metal ion at one end and coordinates with two other atoms at the other end. Functional theory calculations have been used to elucidate the electronic spectrum of this ligand.</p>

<p>2-Azatricyclo[7.3.0.0,3,7]dodeca-1,3(7),8-triene is a mesoporous material with three dimensional channels that can adsorb molecules such as formaldehyde and pyridine. The zeolites in this material have been shown to catalyze the conversion of formaldehyde to methanol by reacting with a transition metal ion and a thioamide. This material has also been shown to be able to adsorb metal ions such as copper and zinc from solutions using its porous structure. 2-Azatricyclo[7.3.0.0,3,7]dodeca-1,3(7),8-triene can be used as a catalyst for the removal of toxic substances from water or air, or as a selective adsorbent for the separation of metal ions in industrial processes.</p>

<p>Methyl(nitroso)octylamine (MNTOA) is a chemical that is used in animal research to induce cancer. MNTOA acts by nitrosating DNA, which induces mutations and leads to the formation of cholangiocarcinomas in rats. It also interacts with other molecules in the body, such as bladder proteins and hemoglobin, leading to an increased risk of death. MNTOA has been shown to be carcinogenic in animals, inducing tumors in the nasal cavity and bladder. The carcinogenicity of MNTOA may be caused by its ability to damage DNA through nitrosation reactions.</p>

<p>2-(4-Chlorobenzamido)benzoic acid is a symmetric dimer with a hydrogen bond between the two benzene rings. The hydrogen bond is formed by the substituent on one benzene ring interacting with the hydrogen on the other one. The molecule has a conformation that allows it to form hydrogen bonds and is centrosymmetric. 2-(4-Chlorobenzamido)benzoic acid has been synthesized from benzaldehyde and substituted amides, which are synthons for an amide linkage. It crystallizes as a centrosymmetric dimer in space group P2(1)2(1).</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>3-Hydroxy-2-methylquinolin-4(1H)-one (3HMQ) is a compound that has optical properties. It can be used as a biological sample in dextran sulfate and mitochondrial membrane potential assays. 3HMQ has been shown to have redox potentials that are similar to those of the elements copper, iron, and zinc. This compound is also used for wastewater treatment and as a matrix effect agent in biocompatible polymers. 3HMQ is also a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reagent that contains two disulfide bonds. The thermal expansion of this molecule has been shown to be close to that of human erythrocytes, making it useful for high-temperature applications such as disease activity studies and cellular physiology experiments.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>5,7-Dibromoquinoline is a ligand that has an antiproliferative effect on cancer cells. It is a quinoline derivative that has been shown to have cytotoxic activity against the mouse fibroblast cell line MCF-7. The photophysical and fluorescence properties of 5,7-dibromoquinoline have been extensively studied and found to be dependent on the number of bromine substituents. This compound has also been shown to inhibit cancer cells in vitro. 5,7-Dibromoquinoline may act by interfering with cellular processes such as protein synthesis and DNA replication.</p>

<p>1H,2H,3H-Pyrrolo[3,4-b]quinolin-3-one is a natural product that inhibits the growth of cancer cells. It has been shown to be cytotoxic against human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of action of this compound is not known but it has been shown to inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells by deprotonation of a chloride anion. This compound may also be related to the anthranilic acid class of compounds and is an alkaloid with a bicyclic structure. 1H,2H,3H-Pyrrolo[3,4-b]quinolin-3-one is synthesized by cyclocondensation from luotonin and microwave irradiation. It can be obtained in high yields from anthranilic acid under alkaline conditions. Irradiation with microwaves is also used for its synthesis which produces unambiguous results.</p>

<p>Phenylcyclopropylamine is an antimicrobial agent that is a prodrug of phenylhydrazine. It is used to treat inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and other rheumatic conditions, as well as cancer, lymphoproliferative disorders, and fatty acid metabolism disorders. Phenylcyclopropylamine inhibits the enzyme catalysis of ticagrelor by binding to the hydroxy group of the enzyme's active site. This irreversible inhibition prevents ticagrelor from breaking down arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Phenylcyclopropylamine is also used in magnetic resonance spectroscopy experiments to study histones H3 and H4 in cells infected with viruses or anhydrous sodium.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>2-(Piperidin-1-yl)quinoxaline is a piperidine derivative that has been synthesized by catalyzed reactions. It has been shown to have constant kinetic parameters and an optimum in the range of 1.0-2.0 M in solvents with the following properties: polar, protic, or ionic. 2-(Piperidin-1-yl)quinoxaline has also been shown to exhibit solvent effects on its spectra, kinetics, and optimal parameters. The experimental transition states for this compound are unknown because it has not yet been studied experimentally.<br>Theoretical studies have shown that 2-(piperidin-1-yl)quinoxaline can be formed from a variety of pathways involving the following steps: hydrolysis of 2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinoxaline, reductive amination of pyrrolidine with nitroethane, and reductive amination</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Methyl 5-methyl-4-oxohexanoate is an unsaturated, branched-chain fatty acid found in tobacco. It has been shown to be produced by the oxidation of nicotine and cotinine. Methyl 5-methyl-4-oxohexanoate has been detected in tobacco leaves, as well as in smoke from cigarettes. The compound has been used as a marker for tobacco use, but it is not yet known if this compound is carcinogenic. Spectroscopic methods have shown that methyl 5-methyl-4-oxohexanoate can undergo photochemical reactions with oxygen to produce radicals that react with DNA and other biomolecules. Methyl 5-methyl-4-oxohexanoate reacts with DNA and proteins to form adducts that may be carcinogenic or mutagenic.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Malonamamidine Hydrochloride is a formyl-containing nitro-nitrosourea derivative which has been shown to inhibit the development of choroidal neovascularization in rats. This drug also has an inhibitory effect on the inflammatory response, and may be useful for treating inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Malonamamidine Hydrochloride is metabolized by hydrolysis to formaldehyde and aminomethyl malonic acid, which gives it its biological properties. It also contains a nitro group that can be reduced to hydroxylamine, which reacts with DNA and leads to DNA strand breaks.

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>3-Methylidenepiperidine-2,6-dione is an unsaturated compound that has been isolated from coal tar. It is a colorless solid that melts at temperatures between 200 and 220 degrees Celsius. 3-Methylidenepiperidine-2,6-dione has been shown to be aliphatic and inorganic in nature. It is soluble in water, but insoluble in ether or chloroform. 3-Methylidenepiperidine-2,6-dione reacts with acid to form a cyclic dinitrile that hydrolyzes to form an organic acid (e.g., glutarimide) and diamide. The reaction is more pronounced when the concentration of acid is increased and when the pH of the solution is neutralized with a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. 3-Methylidenepiperidine-2,6-dione also preferentially hydrolyzes d</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>The Tetrahydro-2-furanylmethyl4-methylbenzenesulfonate ligand is a metal complex that can be used to form allyl complexes with Zirconium and Germanium. It also forms a stable cyclopentyl methyl allyl ligand, which is an important component of the catalytic cycle. This ligand has been shown to bind to alkali metals, such as sodium and potassium, and phosphines. It has a nucleophilic nature and can be used in metallocene reactions.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Cyclopropyl-3,3-dimethylbutan-1-one is an organic compound with the formula (CH)C(O)CH. It is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents and reacts with water to produce hydrochloric acid. Cyclopropyl-3,3-dimethylbutan-1-one can be used to make other compounds by iodocyclization, including 1,2,4-triazole and 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene. This reaction proceeds with high stereoselectivity. The synthesis of cyclopropylmethylenecyclohexane can also be accomplished using this reagent. The presence of a hydroxyl group on the ring prevents its use as an oxidant for alkenes or alkynes because it undergoes oxidation by air. Cyclopropyl-3,3-dimethylbutan-1-one also undergoes stere</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Amiloride is a medication that belongs to the group of potassium-sparing diuretics. It works by blocking sodium channels in the kidney, which reduces the amount of sodium and water that is reabsorbed into the body. Amiloride has been shown to be effective in human patients. This drug inhibits uptake of pyrazine, which is an active compound in amiloride. Amiloride also inhibits rinm5f, a channel found on renal tubular cells, with inhibitory potency as high as benzene ring. Amiloride has many inhibitors including exchangers such as Na/K-ATPase and Na/H exchanger and other benzene ring compounds such as amiloride itself and ethacrynic acid. The synthesis of amiloride was first reported in 1971 and it can be synthesized by two pathways: from benzene or from ethyl acetate.</p>

<p>4,5-Dibromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid is a fatty acid derivative that inhibits the growth of bacteria by interfering with fatty acid synthesis. It was found to be active against Borrelia burgdorferi and Galleria mellonella and has been shown to be cytotoxic in vitro. 4,5-Dibromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid has also been shown to stimulate antibody production in mice and to have anticancer activity. 4,5-Dibromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid may be used therapeutically as an antiinfective agent for treating infectious diseases such as tuberculosis or cancer tissues.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>5-(1,3-Benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-furaldehyde is a benzothiazole that has been shown to be an effective lead compound for anticancer drug development. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. 5-(1,3-Benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-furaldehyde's antitumor activity may be due to its ability to induce apoptosis by disrupting the cell cycle and inhibiting DNA synthesis. 5-(1,3-Benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-furaldehyde also binds to DNA and inhibits the function of both bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. It also possesses antiinflammatory properties which are due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>3-Chloro-2-nitrobenzonitrile is a postulated intermediate in the synthesis of benzoic acid and isomers. It can be obtained by reacting phosphorus pentachloride with an aromatic compound containing a benzene ring with substituents that contain nitrile groups. The reaction of 3-chloro-2-nitrobenzonitrile with water produces benzoic acid. This transformation is attributed to the formation of an unstable intermediate, which then decomposes to form a more stable product.</p>

<p>3-Chloro-4-nitrobenzonitrile is a heterocyclic compound that inhibits the activity of transferase enzymes. The molecular structure of 3-Chloro-4-nitrobenzonitrile is similar to that of myriocin, which is a natural product from the fungus Myriococcum erythraeum. 3-Chloro-4-nitrobenzonitrile has been shown to be an inhibitor of the enzyme phosphatidylcholine: phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PCMT) in rat liver microsomes. It also has been shown to inhibit the activities of other transferases including phospholipase A2, phospholipase C, and serine/threonine protein kinases.</p>

<p>3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid is a potent antiparasitic drug that has been shown to be effective against filarial worms. It is metabolised in the liver to its active form, which inhibits the parasite's ability to produce ATP. 3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid has been found to be toxic at high doses and can also cause allergic reactions. This drug has been studied as a potential treatment for brugia, due to its structural similarities with benzamides and amides. The structures of analogues of 3-chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid have been studied and they have shown promising results in gerbils infected with acanthocheilonema.</p>

<p>4-Oxo-4H-pyrido[1,2-A]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid is a compound that has an analogy with the structure of pyridoxine. The structure of this molecule includes an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cycloalkyl group, and a phenyl group. This compound can be used as a medicine for gastroprotective purposes, and it also has anti-inflammatory properties. It is believed that 4-Oxo-4H-pyrido[1,2-A]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid can be used as a medicament to treat gastric ulcers.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-benzo[7]annulen-6-one is an underserved drug candidate for tuberculosis. 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-benzo[7]annulen-6-one has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of bacterial lactamase enzymes that are involved in the resistance of bacteria to many antibiotics. 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-benzo[7]annulen-6-one is also able to bind to the electron withdrawing group on the lactam ring and stabilize the molecule. This binding prevents conformational changes in the lactamase enzyme and inhibits its activity. 6,7,8,9 tetrahydro 5H benzo[7]annulen 6 one has been shown to have potential use in treating tuberculosis due to its activity against drug resistant bacteria

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Methyl 4-nitro-3-phenylbutanoate is a nitro compound that is used as a reagent for the silylation of phenols. It is also used in the synthesis of functionalized aliphatic nitro compounds and has been found to be able to eliminate certain nitrosamines. Methyl 4-nitro-3-phenylbutanoate is an aliphatic, nitro compound with conjugated stereochemistry.</p>

<p>Pentamethylphenylacetonitrile (PMP) is an aldehyde that is used as a reagent in the synthesis of other chemical compounds. It is also used in the preparation of phase transfer catalysts. PMP is typically available as a white powder and can be dissolved in organic solvents such as acetone or benzene. The chemical properties of PMP are similar to those of other aldehydes, including its susceptibility to oxidation, which can lead to the formation of carboxylic acids.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>