Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-(Hydroxymethyl)benzene-1,2-diol is an organic compound. The product is a colorless solid that has a molecular weight of 144.17 g/mol. 3-(Hydroxymethyl)benzene-1,2-diol reacts with metal surfaces and can be used in the synthesis of amides and amido groups. This product is reactive and acidic at high temperatures, but will not react with alcohols or amines. 3-(Hydroxymethyl)benzene-1,2-diol is also a reaction product from the synthesis of dopamine.

3,5-Dinitrobenzaldehyde is an experimental herbicide that has been shown to be effective in the control of weeds. 3,5-Dinitrobenzaldehyde is a protonated electrophilic species that reacts with a variety of electron-rich aromatic compounds by nucleophilic attack at the ortho position. The reaction with benzene, for example, yields phenyl trifluoride and benzenesulfonic acid. This molecule also reacts with chloride to form chlorobenzene and dinitrobenzene. 3,5-Dinitrobenzaldehyde has kinetic properties that are dependent on frequency and layeredness as well as kinetic and dihedral angles. It is also a catalytic reagent that undergoes rapid reaction at room temperature.

2-Phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridazin-3-one is a natural product that has been found in the human liver. It is also an organic solvent that is used in pest control to kill insects and spiders. 2-Phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridazin-3-one is a model system for studying cancer, as it has been shown to induce tumor formation in animals. It is also active against cervical cancer cells at low concentrations and induces apoptosis at high concentrations. This compound can be used as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer in humans.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

N-benzylsulfamide is a synthetic cannabinoid derivative that is activated by hydrochloric acid in the stomach. It is an agonist of the cannabinoid receptor, which is found in the brain and nervous system. N-benzylsulfamide has been shown to produce muscle relaxation by increasing potassium efflux from muscle cells and decreasing calcium influx, leading to decreased contractions. N-benzylsulfamide has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity, thus reducing inflammation. The molecule also binds to benzodiazepine receptors and can be used as a treatment for seizures or convulsions.

4-Hydrazinothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine is an anti-cancer drug that is activated by xylene. It is used in the treatment of bowel disease and cancer. 4-Hydrazinothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine has been shown to have antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria and may be effective as a topical agent for skin infections. This drug also has platelet activating properties, which are mediated through the p2y12 receptor. This receptor is involved in inflammatory bowel disease, as well as other tissues such as the brain and heart. 4-Hydrazinothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine may be useful in treating cancer because it inhibits the production of TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor alpha) which leads to tumor growth inhibition.

(-)-Menthone is a plant metabolite that is found in peppermint and other mint oils. It can be synthesized by the action of caffeic acid esterase on menthol, which is also present in peppermint oil. (-)-Menthone has been shown to inhibit the enzyme activities of human pathogens such as Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Shigella sonnei. (-)-Menthone also has genotoxic activity and has been shown to cause chromosome breaks in human lymphocytes. The reaction mechanism of (-)-menthone involves an intramolecular hydrogen transfer from one carbon atom to another. X-ray diffraction data from (-)-menthone crystals show a phase transition temperature of approximately -5°C for the molecule.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Propargyl-PEG1-t-butyl ester is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Propargyl-PEG1-t-butyl ester is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.

Versatile small molecule scaffold