Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Methyl-5-phenylpentanoic acid is a chiral, asymmetric catalyst for the hydrogenation of prochiral alkenes. It is prepared by the reaction of ferrocenyl phosphine with 2-methyl-5-phenylpentanoic acid. The product is obtained as a racemic mixture of enantiomers that can be separated by chromatography or crystallization.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

4'-(Methylsulfonyl)acetanilide is an organic compound that has been shown to have antibacterial and antiviral activity. It targets the benzene nucleus, and inhibits the synthesis of nucleic acids by inhibiting the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. 4'-(Methylsulfonyl)acetanilide also inhibits viral replication, by binding to the active site of a viral protein (a DNA polymerase), which blocks the incorporation of nucleotides into the virus's DNA. In addition, 4'-(methylsulfonyl)acetanilide is an anti-helminthic agent, as it can inhibit worm motility and kill larvae in vitro. The structure-activity relationships between this molecule and other benzimidazole derivatives were analysed in order to identify new potential drugs for treating diseases caused by viruses or parasites.

2-Methylbenzene-1,3-dicarbaldehyde is a divalent hydrocarbon that has an oxidation catalyst. This compound is used as an intermediate in the production of drugs and pharmaceuticals. It has been shown to have cardiovascular disorders, such as vasodilatation and hypotension. The mechanism of action is not fully understood but may be related to its ability to act as a nitrovasodilator by increasing nitric oxide (NO) release. 2-Methylbenzene-1,3-dicarbaldehyde also produces psychotic disorders when long term exposure occurs. This compound has been shown to have neurotoxic effects in animal models with long term exposure.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Bromo-2-methylbenzofuran is a chiral compound that has been shown to stabilize the DNA of irradiated, homochiral DNA. It is also used as an intermediate in the synthesis of other compounds. 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzofuran has a high melting point, which makes it difficult to purify. The compound crystallizes unsymmetrically and fluoresces. It can undergo photochromism and isomerization under ultraviolet light. 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzofuran has a low solubility in water and can be toxic if inhaled or ingested. This compound exhibits fluorescence properties, which may be due to its ability to absorb light at wavelengths longer than 400 nm and emit light at wavelengths shorter than 400 nm.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-Hydroxycyclopentane-1-carbonitrile is a monomer that is hydrolyzed to form benzoin and cyanohydrins. It can be used in the production of scifinder as a monomer or dimerizer.

2-Bromo-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene is a chemical compound that has been synthesized in an asymmetric reaction. The reactant is bromopropane and the product is 2,2,2-trifluoropropene. The methylene group on the propene molecule is activated by the nucleophilic attack of a fluoride ion from hydrogen fluoride to form a cavity with a highly strained bond. The kinetic study of this reaction revealed that the activation energy for the reaction is 42 kJ/mol. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions are catalyzed by palladium and require nonpolar solvents such as toluene or dichloromethane. This type of reaction has been shown to be exothermic with an isolated yield of 1%.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Hydroxyethyl benzoate is a model system that has been used to study the mechanism of hydrolysis of an ester with a hydroxyl group. The reaction products are a metal hydroxide and a chloride ion. 2-Hydroxyethyl benzoate is an antimicrobial agent that has shown activity against bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. It is thought to work by reacting with fatty acids in the cell membrane, leading to disruption of the membrane and leakage of cellular contents. It also reacts with chloride ions to form hydroxybenzoic acid and water molecules. The activation energy for this reaction was found to be around 19 kJ mol−1.

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3-Hydroxy-5-methylpyridine (3HMP) is a chemical substance that has been classified as an amine. It is a product of the metabolism of purines, which are nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA. 3HMP is produced by aerogenic bacteria (such as Enterobacter), and can be used to estimate the number of these bacteria present in water samples. 3HMP has been shown to have antiviral properties against influenza virus, and can be used as a biomarker for the presence of other viruses in animals. 3HMP also has mineralization properties, which have been studied extensively, particularly with regards to pancreatic disease.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione is a carbonyl compound that is the product of the oxidation of ascorbic acid. It is used in wastewater treatment and has antimicrobial properties against infectious diseases. This compound has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome and preventing the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione has also been shown to bind to plasma proteins, which may be due to its acyl chain structure. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione can be synthesized in a catalytic mechanism that involves dehydroascorbic acid and molecular oxygen.

Piperyline is an alkanoic acid that has shown to be effective against skin cancer. It also has antimicrobial properties, which may be due to its ability to bind metal ions and form polymeric compounds. Piperyline inhibits microbial growth by inhibiting the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. The antimicrobial activity is related to its cationic polymerization with hydroxyl groups, which forms a structure that can inhibit microbial enzymes and disrupt microbial cell membranes. This compound also interacts with the skin's natural lipids, making it difficult for microorganisms to attach and grow on the skin. Piperyline is synthesized in organic chemistry laboratories as an amide precursor of other pharmaceuticals such as penicillin.

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