Building Blocks

Triphenylphosphoranylidene)ketene is an amine-containing compound that is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis. It can be used in reactions involving the cleavage of carbon-carbon bonds and has been shown to oxidize alcohols, ethers, and esters. Triphenylphosphoranylidene)ketene was first synthesized in 1887 by the reaction of triphenylphosphine with ethylene dione.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Quinazolone is a quinazoline derivative with a 2-amino-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one moiety. It is an inhibitor of enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of alkenes and alkynes, such as malonate decarboxylase and acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase. Quinazolones are also used in pharmaceuticals, mainly as anticonvulsants or antipsychotics. The quinazolone group is obtained by condensation of cyanamide with diethyl malonate or ethyl malonate. The resulting quinazoline can be converted to the corresponding quinazolone by replacement of the amino group with an amine. This reaction is called the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation. Quinazolones can also be synthesized from aralkyl chlorides by treatment with phenylurea followed by hydrolysis

2-(2-Fluorophenoxymethyl)oxirane is an organic compound that has been used as a diagnostic agent for the detection of Staphylococcus. It reacts with 2-amino-3-ketobutyric acid, which is the end product of bacterial metabolism and can be detected by gas chromatography. The sensitivity of this assay is approximately 10 CFU/mL. This compound has also been used as a probe for the study of bacterial metabolites in aerogenes cultures. In addition, it has been utilized as a sensor for bacterial growth in supernatants from subtilis bacteria cultures. 2-(2-Fluorophenoxymethyl)oxirane is not active against resistant strains of bacteria such as enterobacter and epidermidis species.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Phenylamino-propionic acid is an analogue of acrylic acid with two methyl groups on the terminal carbon. It is a colorless liquid that can be synthesized by the reaction of acrylic acid with sodium amide in the presence of benzene. 2-Phenylamino-propionic acid has been shown to undergo homogeneous and cyclic reactions, as well as elimination and monoxide reactions. The experimental value obtained for its rate constant, k, was found to be 1.6 × 10^6 L/mol*s using acrylic acid as a substrate. This product may also be used as a catalyst for radical reactions or in catalytic pyrolysis reactions.

Prop-2-en-1-yl 2-methylpropanoate is a hydrocarbon with two hydroxyl groups. It is a reactive, functional group that is monosubstituted by fluorine atoms. The carboxylate group of prop-2-en-1-yl 2-methylpropanoate has a divalent hydrocarbon structure and contains one reactive, functional group. Prop-2-en-1-yl 2-methylpropanoate can be found as bound form in endophytic fungi and in the leaves of plants. It can also be found as an unbound form in organic solvents and fatty acids.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

4-Methoxy-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid is a compound that contains a phenyl ring with two substituents, one of which is a methoxy group. It has been shown to regenerate primary alcohols from the corresponding hydroxyaldehyde under mild conditions. 4-Methoxy-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid also reacts with aldehydes to form an oxime and an acetal in the presence of base. The functional theory proposes that the molecular orbitals are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals and may be used to explain reactions such as these. The neurotoxic effect of 4-methoxy-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid has been observed in rats after intraperitoneal injection. This compound also has been shown to catalyze the formation of bidentate ligands and chelate ligands.

2-Phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine is an optical isomer of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine. It contains a pyrazinyl group that has a nitrogen atom in the alpha position and a thiophenyl group that has a single bond to the alpha carbon. This compound is used as a diagnostic agent for Alzheimer's disease because it can be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with this disorder. The enantiomers are racemic mixtures and are typically not separated during chemical synthesis.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Bromo-2-methylpropan-1-ol is a chiral, neurotoxic alcohol. It has been shown to be a precursor for the synthesis of neurotrophic analogues, which are compounds that help maintain the structure and function of neurons, such as 3-bromo-2-methylpropanal (BMPA) and 3-bromoacetophenone. The enantiomers of BMPA have different effects on fetal rat cerebral neuronal cells. One enantiomer inhibits the growth of neurons, while the other promotes their growth. These differences may be related to their optical activity: one enantiomer is active when present in the form of left circularly polarized light and the other is active in right circularly polarized light.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Phenylbenzene-1-sulfonamide is a biphenyl compound that inhibits the production of endothelin, a peptide hormone that plays a role in regulating blood pressure and blood flow. It has been shown to be effective in vitro against experimental models of congestive heart disease and bowel disease. 2-Phenylbenzene-1-sulfonamide also inhibits the activity of x-ray crystal structures, which are proteins involved in apoptosis or programmed cell death. 2-Phenylbenzene-1-sulfonamide is not active against bacteria, but it has been shown to inhibit Mcl-1 protein, which regulates the process of apoptosis. This drug also has sodium salt forms that are used to treat metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus type II.

Versatile small molecule scaffold