Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Methyl 2-(bromomethyl)-4-nitrobenzoate is a nitro compound that is used as the starting material for the synthesis of polyglutamate. It has been shown to be an analog of glutamine, which may have chemotherapeutic effects by blocking tumor cells from proliferating. Methyl 2-(bromomethyl)-4-nitrobenzoate is catalytically reduced to yield methylene dinitrobenzene, which reacts with ammonia and formaldehyde in the presence of a reductive coupling catalyst to give polyglutamate. The amide group can be converted into an ester or an amine by acidolysis or reductive amination.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3,4-dimethoxythiobenzamide is a thiazole that has been shown to have potential antitumor effects. 3,4-dimethoxythiobenzamide inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of platelets, which may contribute to its anti-cancer properties. It has also been shown to inhibit growth in colon cancer cells. 3,4-dimethoxythiobenzamide has been radiolabeled with positron and used as a radiotracer for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of cancer cells. The drug binds to the cysteine sulfhydryl group on phosphotyrosine residues in proteins and forms covalent bonds with disulfide bonds, making it an excellent binding agent for proteins.

3-Ethylpentanoic acid is a fatty acid that is naturally found in the human body and can be synthesized by the body from other fatty acids. 3-Ethylpentanoic acid has been shown to inhibit histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, which may be a possible mechanism for its antitumor effects. HDAC inhibitors are being studied as potential anticancer drugs. 3-Ethylpentanoic acid also inhibits the enzymatic activity of fatty acid synthase, thereby preventing the production of branched-chain fatty acids that are toxic to the liver. In addition, 3-ethylpentanoic acid has been shown to have pharmacokinetic properties in rats and mice with high levels of enzymes that convert it into a more hydrophobic form, which may lead to better absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and decreased metabolism by enzymes in the liver.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

5-Phenylpyridin-3-ol is an organic compound with the formula C8H6O. It is a white solid that is stable in air. 5-Phenylpyridin-3-ol reacts with bromoacetate to give formate, the reaction being catalyzed by base. The synthetic method involves the use of ethyl bromoacetate and ammonium formate in aqueous solution at room temperature.

Methyl N,N-bis(propan-2-yl)carbamate is a drug that can be used to treat reperfusion injury. It has been shown to protect the heart from reperfusion injury. Methyl N,N-bis(propan-2-yl)carbamate is an anticancer compound with physicochemical properties that make it suitable for intravenous administration. It inhibits the activity of formyl and other reactive oxygen species and attenuates the release of mitochondrial DNA into the cytosol. It also induces mitochondrial biogenesis by inhibiting the expression of p53 and caspase 9, which are apoptotic proteins in mitochondria.
Methyl N,N-bis(propan-2-yl)carbamate can be used as a drug candidate for treating reperfusion injury due to its pharmacokinetic properties and ability to attenuate infarct size following reperfusion.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Fluconazole is an oral antifungal drug that is used to treat a variety of fungal infections such as candida, cryptococcus, and histoplasmosis. It binds to the 14-alpha-demethylase enzyme in the fungal cell membrane and inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, which is an essential component of the cell membrane. This prevents the formation of ergosterol crystals that are necessary for maintaining cell shape and function. Fluconazole has been shown to be effective against influenza virus and other viruses that use subunits similar to those found in fluconazole. Fluconazole also has antibacterial properties against bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumonia. The pharmacokinetic properties of fluconazole have been studied using ethyl bromoacetate and carboxylate derivatives. Fluconazole has also been shown to inhibit methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-(2-Methoxyethyl)aniline is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH3OCH2NHCH2CH2SCl. It is a colorless, water-soluble liquid and has a pungent odor. 2-(2-Methoxyethyl)aniline reacts with trimethylamine to form trimethylammonium chloride. It also reacts with dimethyl sulfate to form dimethyl sulfate and methylamine. The reaction with hydrazine yields anilinohydrazide and methylated aniline, which can then be converted into borohydride or chlorotrimethylsilane by reacting it with lithium borohydride or chlorotrimethylsilane respectively.
2-(2-Methoxyethyl)aniline is used in the synthesis of various organic compounds such as pharmaceuticals, dyes, pesticides, and perfumes.

3-(Carboxymethyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid is an intramolecular cyclization reaction that involves the amination of a propanoic acid and a ring system. This reaction is analogous to the synthesis of 2,5-diaminopentane, which is also a cyclization of an amine to form a five-membered ring. The nmda receptor complex has been shown to be efficient in binding 3-(carboxymethyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and other analogues of this compound. In addition, 3-(carboxymethyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid has shown affinity for the glycine site on the nmda receptor complex. The chemistry behind this drug is not well understood due to its complexity.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Methyl 2-phenylpropanoate is the product of a lipase-catalyzed reaction between methanol and phenylacetic acid. The hydrolysis of the ester bond releases methanol, which can then react with another molecule of phenylacetic acid to form methyl 2-phenylpropanoate. Methyl 2-phenylpropanoate is a key intermediate in the synthesis of beta blockers, such as propranolol. It can also be used as an alternative to cyclopentane for synthesizing stereoisomers of cyclohexane. The reaction mechanism involves an activation energy that is kinetically favorable and has an asymmetric synthesis. The stereoselectivity of this reaction is due to the use of an acid catalyst and a chiral ligand.

2-Chloro-3-carboxylic acid is a broad spectrum inhibitor of human herpesvirus 1 (HSV-1) and human herpesvirus 2 (HSV-2). It is a non-nucleoside inhibitor of DNA polymerases. The compound binds to the active site of the enzyme, preventing the formation of an active complex with the template strand. 2-Chloro-3-carboxylic acid inhibits both DNA polymerases and RNA polymerases. This antiviral drug has been shown to inhibit HSV replication in culture by 95%. 2C3CA has been shown to have high specificity for HSV type 1 and type 2, as well as for all other human DNA viruses, including adenoviruses and cytomegalovirus.
2C3CA is not active against other animal DNA viruses or bacterial DNA viruses.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold