Cyano-, Nitrile-

2-Cyano-5-fluoropyridine is a potential antitubercular agent that has shown penetrability in the central nervous system and activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is orally active at low doses, and has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of mycobacterial growth and lipid synthesis. In addition, this compound also has antimycobacterial activity against M. avium complex and M. ulcerans, and is a potent inhibitor of β-amyloid aggregation.

Cyanomethylenetributylphosphorane (CMTP) is an agent used for the diagnosis of body formation. It is a chemical compound that can be used to produce images of tissue and organs by detecting apoptosis, or programmed cell death. CMTP binds to the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), stimulating the release of insulin in the pancreas. CMTP also has therapeutic potential for metabolic disorders, as it has been shown to reduce triglycerides and increase HDL cholesterol levels in human serum. CMTP is synthesized from trifluoroacetic acid, which is then reacted with a cyclic peptide containing an amino acid derivative and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. This reaction produces a molecule with one free amino group at one end and two free carboxylic acid groups at the other end. The molecule can be reacted with epidermal growth factor (EGF) or insulin to

2,4,6-Trimethylbenzonitrile (TMBN) is a reactive unsaturated ketone that reacts with phosphorus pentachloride to form the corresponding chloroform. It is used in nucleophilic substitution reactions and can be hydrolyzed by hydrochloric acid to form an n-oxide. The reaction mechanism of TMBN with phosphorus pentachloride has been studied using molecular modeling and NMR spectroscopy. TMBN can be converted into an oxide, which can react with hydrogen chloride to form the corresponding chloroform. Reaction products include the 2,4,6-trichlorobenzonitrile (TCBN), which is a carcinogen.

3-Cyanoethylbenzoic acid is an anthropogenic compound that is produced by the Friedel-Crafts reaction between benzoyl chloride and acrylonitrile in the presence of a base. 3-Cyanoethylbenzoic acid is used as a solvent for chromatographic methods, such as gradient elution, ion exchange, and reversed phase. 3-Cyanoethylbenzoic acid has been used to determine the optical purity of benzoate salts and amides. This compound can be taken orally in solid oral dosage form or enterically in liquid oral dosage form. 3-Cyanoethylbenzoic acid interacts with other drugs that are metabolized by CYP3A4, such as erythromycin, to produce an active metabolite (N-desmethyldesipramide).

3-Cyano-2-methylphenylboronic acid is a high quality compound that can be used as a reagent, intermediate, or building block in the synthesis of complex compounds. This chemical is also useful as a speciality chemical and research chemical. 3-Cyano-2-methylphenylboronic acid has versatile uses in organic synthesis due to its versatility in reactions and building blocks.

Ethyl 2,3-dicyanopropionate is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in organic solvents. It has the molecular formula CHClNOS and the molecular weight of 138.1 g/mol. This compound has a melting point of 92 °C and can be purchased as a mixture of cis and trans isomers. The cis form melts at 93 °C and the trans form melts at 88 °C. Ethyl 2,3-dicyanopropionate is synthesized from chlorobenzene by dehydrating it with hydrochloric acid in an organic solvent. It can also be prepared by reacting ethyl cyanoacetate with ammonia in an inert atmosphere. Impurities may include chloride, sulfoxide, or imine.

Phycocyanobilin is a chromophore found in blue-green algae and cyanobacteria. It is a component of the holoprotein phycocyanin and aids in the harvesting of light energy. This biliverdin derivative is converted to phycocyanorubin by biliverdin reductase in mammalian cells. The addition of phycocyanobilin to human cells leads to potent inhibition of NADPH oxidase. It also binds to human serum albumin (HSA). Structurally, Phycocyanin shares many similarities to bilirubin and biliverdin.