Ketones

1,2-Dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-3H-pyrazol-3-one (1,2DHDP) is a chemical inhibitor that prevents the activity of enzymes by binding to their active site. 1,2DHDP has been shown to inhibit the enzyme pyrazole ring synthesis in rat liver microsomes. It also inhibits the production of antimicrobial agents and has been used as a sample preparation agent. 1,2DHDP also interferes with drug interactions by inhibiting cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver. This compound can be used for wastewater treatment because it is not toxic to bacteria or plants. The mechanism of this inhibitor is unknown but may be due to its ability to bind to the dinucleotide phosphate cofactor at the active site of an enzyme.

4-Oxahomoadamantan-5-one is a synthetic molecule with a labile peroxide group. It has biological functions, including the ability to bind to and activate the benzodiazepine receptor. The molecule forms an ethyl ester and an acid solution. The compound's nmr spectra have been obtained in both acetonitrile and formamide solutions, in which the stereoisomers are visible. It reacts with oxygen to form a peroxide group, which is easily oxidized to create a reactive intermediate that can be used for chemical reactions such as oxidation of alcohols or alkyl halides. 4-Oxahomoadamantan-5-one can be synthesized from benzonitrile and acetone using two different methods: by reacting with sodium methoxide in methanol or by reacting with potassium formate in methanol.

2H-1,4-Benzoxazine-2,3(4H)-dione is an organic compound that has a catalytic lactonization reaction. It has been used to form acyl groups from carboxylic acids and amides from alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst. The cyclic lactam formed can be hydrolyzed to a linear amide by heating with water. 2H-1,4-Benzoxazine-2,3(4H)-dione is also used in the hydrogenation of nitro compounds and haloalkanes. This compound can be prepared by refluxing isatin with hydroxamic acid or solvents such as methylene chloride. This compound also undergoes hydroxamic acid reactions to form hydroxamic acids.

1,1,1-Trifluoro-5-hydroxy-2-pentanone is a versatile building block that has been used extensively in the synthesis of complex compounds. It is an important reagent for the preparation of speciality chemicals and reactive intermediates. 1,1,1-Trifluoro-5-hydroxy-2-pentanone is also a useful intermediate for the synthesis of other compounds. This compound can be reacted with various groups to produce valuable scaffolds for drug discovery research.

3,5,7,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone is a flavonoid that has been shown to have antidiabetic effects in animal studies. The mechanism of action of 3,5,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone is not clear; however it is thought to involve the regulation of insulin sensitivity and energy metabolism. This compound has also been shown to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other bacteria by interacting with their adenosine receptors. 3,5,7,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone binds to the basophilic leukemia cell line and inhibits its uptake of adenosine through the ccaat/enhancer-binding protein complex.