Pharmaceutical Standards

Applications 14,15-Epoxy-25-des(dimethylbutenyl)-25-(1,3-dimethyl-2,3-epoxybutnyl) Moxidectin is a by-product during the synthesis of 3,4-Epoxy-moxidectin (E589045), which is derived from the parent compound Moxidectin (M744800), a macrocyclic lactone and semisynthetic derivative of nemadectin. Moxidectin is a parasiticide used for the prevention and control of heartworm and intestinal worms. Moxidectin is found in veterinary medicine used to treat animals such as dogs, cats, horses, cattle and sheep.Also, it is one of the impurities of Moxidectin under stress conditions.
References Bisset, S.A. et al.: New Zeal. Vet. J., 40, 97 (1992); Monahan, C.M. et al.: Vet. Parasitol., 63, 225 (1996); Glickman, L.T. et al.: Int. J. Appl. Res. Vet. Med., 3, 49 (2005); Awasthi, A., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 404, 2203-2222 (2012)

Applications 8-Chloro-6-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine-3-carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester is an imidazodiaepine derivative and an impurity of Midazolam (M343000), an anesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative and hypotic agent.

Applications 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-[(2-nitrophenyl)methoxy]pyrazole is an intermediate for the synthesis of Pyraclostrobin-d6 (P840402). Isotope labelled Pyraclostrobin is a fungicide for use in seed grass and food crops.
References Gyldenkaerne, S., et al.: Pestic Sci., 55, 1210 (1999), Pennington, D., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 1119 (2005), Wang, S., et al.: Food Control., 18, 731 (2007),

Applications Nucleosides as antiviral agent for the treatment of influenza; broad-spectrum inhibitor of viruses in the Flaviviridae family.
References Sidwell, R.W., et al.: Appl. Microbiol., 22, 797 (1971), Allen, B., et al.: J. Med. Che,., 18, 721 (1976),

Applications 2',5'-Difluoroacetophenone is used in the synthesis of pyrazole compounds as inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidases. These compounds have been shown to produce anti-hyperglycemic effects.
References Hsu, T. et al.: J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 56, 1048 (2009);

Applications 2,6-Dimethyl-3,5-dicarboxy-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine is used as a reactant in the preparation of hydroxyindolecarboxylate and hydroxycarbolinecarboxylate from nifedipine analogous cyanoethyl ester.
References Gorlitzer, K., et al.: Pharmazie, 55, 35 (2000)

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications Efavirenz 1-Desamine is an analog of Efavirenz (E425000), a nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Antiviral.
References Young, S.D., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 39, 2602 (1995)

Applications 2-Nonyn-1-ol is a Propargyl alcohol (P762550) derivative that is used as a reagent to synthesize Microcarpalide, a microfilament disrupting agent that is weakly cytotoxic to mammalian cells. 2-Nonyn-1-ol is also thought to have potential antifungal properties.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Gershon, H., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 1840 (1984); Ratnayake, A., et al.: Org. Lett., 3, 3479 (2001); Tamao, K., et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 29, 6955 (1988)

Applications 2-[[[[1-(Methyl-d3)ethyl-1,2,2,2-d4]amino]sulfonyl]amino]-benzoic Acid Methyl Ester is an intermediate in the synthesis of Bentazon-d7 (B120583). Bentazon-d7 is deuterium labelled Bentazon (B120580), which is a herbicide.
References Ghirardello, D., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 9010 (2010); Frihauf, J., et al.: Weed Technol., 24, 262 (2010); Rotroff, D., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 117, 348 (2010)

Applications 2'-O-Methyl-d3 Paclitaxel is a labeled analogue of 2'-O-Methyl Paclitaxel (M326135), a potential cytotoxic agent.
References Kant, J., et. al.: Bioorg. med. Chem. Lett., 3, 2471 (1993)

Applications (1S,αS)-trans-Cypermethrin is an impurity in the synthesis of θ-Cypermethrin which a synthetic pyrethroid used as an insecticide in large-scale commercial agricultural applications as well as in consumer products for domestic purposes. It behaves as a fast-acting neurotoxin in insects. Cypermethrin can exhibit a toxic effect on the reproductive system.
References Hu, J., et al.: J. Appl. Toxicol., 33, 576 (2011); Singh, A., et al.: Neurobiol. Aging., 33, 404 (2012); Amer, S., et al.: J. Mut. Res., 155, 135 (1985)

Applications Azadiradione is an extract from Neem (Azadirachta indica) plant and may contain antifungal properties. It has also been shown to restore protein quality control and ameliorate disease pathogenesis in Huntington’s disease.
References Singh, T. et al.: Am. J. PharmTech. Res., 6, 323 (2016); Singh, B. et al.: Mol. Neurobiol., 55, 6337 (2018);