Glycoscience

<p>D-myo-Inositol-2,4,5-triphosphate sodium salt is a phosphoinositide that is involved in the process of cell signaling. It mediates the release of intracellular calcium ions from the endoplasmic reticulum and is involved in a number of processes including protein synthesis and efflux. D-myo-Inositol-2,4,5-triphosphate sodium salt can be found in many cells and tissues, including the brain and gastrointestinal tract. The concentration of calcium ions affects the activity of this compound by enhancing or terminating its effects. In cells that are not stimulated by an agonist such as ionomycin, divalent cations can enhance the activity of this compound. When stimulated by an agonist like ionomycin, divalent cations will terminate its effects by binding to it more strongly than to guanosine residues. This dual effect on divalent cations enhances the specificity for D</p>

N-acetylglucosamine is a monosaccharide that is one of the building blocks of complex carbohydrates. It is found in the A1F N-glycan, which is located on the surface of cancer cells and may be a potential biomarker for endometrial cancer. A1F N-glycan has been detected in many types of cancer, including ovarian, breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, and pancreatic cancers. This glycan also has been shown to play a role in autoimmune diseases and cancer pathogenesis. The A1F N-glycan can be profiled by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

<p>Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside is a methylated sugar used as an inhibitor of lectin-conjugate binding. It is commonly used in protein purification for eluting glycoproteins and other glycoconjugates from affinity chromatography columns of agarose lectin. In addition, Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside can be used in the mannosylation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for vaccine or drug delivery which targets Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) through mannose receptors. Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside is also known as Methyl alpha-D-mannoside or alpha-Methyl-D-mannoside.</p>

<p>Emodin 1-glucoside is a natural anthraquinone glycoside that is produced by plants and has been shown to have cytotoxic effects against human cells. Emodin 1-glucoside inhibits the function of enzymes, such as glycosidases, phosphatases, and proteases. This compound is activated by calcium ions and has been shown to disrupt mitochondrial membrane potential. Emodin 1-glucoside also inhibits sugar residues and has shown significant cytotoxicity against cultured human cells at higher concentrations. It may be used as a medicine for the treatment of inflammation or cancer.</p>

<p>1-O-Methyl-β-D-glucopyranoside is a β-glucosidase inducer.</p>

<p>Tri-mannuronic acid sodium salt (b-1,4-linked sodium mannuronotriose) is one of a number of oligosaccharides obtained from alginate which is a polysaccharide in brown seaweeds containing: blocks of repeating mannuronic acid sequences (M-M-M-M etc), repeating guluronic acid sequences (G-G-G-G etc), and alternating M-G-M-G sequences.Oligosaccharides can be released using several methods (Lua, 2015; Yanga, 2004) and claims have been published that mannuronic acid oligosaccharides for example, can be effective in the prophylaxis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, or for the prophylaxis and treatment of diabetes (USP 8835403B2, 2014).</p>

<p>This beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative is a functionalized cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, characterized by a hydrophilic exterior and a lipophilic cavity (bigger than α-CD and smaller than γ-CDs), which allows it to encapsulate various guest molecules. This structural feature facilitates its use in multiple applications, including pharmaceuticals, food enhancement, and cosmetics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it enhances the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs, improving their bioavailability and efficacy while also masking unpleasant tastes. The food sector utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, extending shelf life by protecting sensitive ingredients from degradation. In cosmetics, it serves as a complexing agent for fragrances and active components, ensuring their stability and controlled release. Its use expands to many other fields, including nanotechnology for drug delivery systems, environmental remediation for extracting organic pollutants, textiles for slow-release fragrances, and analytical chemistry for chiral separation.</p>

<p>3, 4-Dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidinone (3R,4R,5S) is a custom synthesis of a fluorinated compound that has been modified through methylation and monosaccharide substitution. This product has been designed for use in Click chemistry applications. The CAS number for this product is 100906-64-6.</p>

<p>GQ1b ganglioside (sodium salt) has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with two sialic acids (NeuAc) linked α2,3/α2,8 to the inner galactose residue, two sialic acids (NeuAc) linked α2,3/α2,8 to the terminal galactose residue and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). Anti-GQ1b ganglioside antibody is associated with Miller Fisher syndrome and is also found in patients with related conditions that may share the same pathogenic mechanism, such as, Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis. Thus, the measurement of the anti-GQ1b antibody in suspected cases of Miller Fisher syndrome is a useful diagnostic marker (Paparounas, 2004). It has been found that GQ1b ganglioside contributes to synaptic transmission and synapse formation. Low concentrations of GQ1b ganglioside, evoked dopamine (DA) release from laboratory tissues (Chen, 2018).</p>

<p>UDP-a-D-apiofuranose is a modification of the sugar UDP-a-D-apiofuranosyl. It is a compound of high purity that can be custom synthesized by our scientists. The CAS number for this product is 56829-08-8 and it's molecular weight is 300.</p>

<p>This is a synthetic, high purity, and custom synthesis oligosaccharide that is used in the modification of complex carbohydrates. It is an O-acetylated form of 1,2-O-(1-isopropoxy-1-alkoxyethylidene)-b-D-mannopyranose. The CAS number for this product is 306928-06-3.</p>

D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate sodium hydrate (DRBP) is a naturally occurring sugar that is found in plants. It is synthesized by the action of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase on ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate, with ATP as a cofactor. DRBP has been shown to be an important intermediate in many biochemical pathways and enzymes. DRBP has been shown to inhibit HIV replication in vitro by binding to the enzyme reverse transcriptase and blocking its activity. As an inhibitor of HIV replication, DRBP is activated by a number of factors including p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP), and the presence of hydrogen bond donors such as ATP or NADP+. This chemical also inhibits protease activity and increases the transport rate for D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate.

Robinose is a flavonoid derivative that is used as a conditioning agent in animal health products. It has been shown to increase the efficacy of an antigen by enhancing the immune response. Robinose also has enzyme activities and has been shown to work synergistically with other flavonoids such as quercetin. In addition, it can be used as an analytical method for glycan structures. Robinose is typically produced from the hydrolysis of flavonol glycosides found in plants such as raspberries, blackberries, and blueberries. It can also be extracted from sugar beet molasses or sugar cane molasses.

<p>Versatile resource for organic synthesis, e.g. of the inhibitor swainsonine</p>

<p>(3R, 5R) -1-Benzyl-3, 4, 5- piperidinetriol is a modification of the parent compound. The modification of the parent compound is accomplished by the introduction of a benzyl group at the 3' and 5' positions of the molecule. This modification can be used to synthesize oligosaccharides, which are complex carbohydrates. (3R, 5R) -1-Benzyl-3, 4, 5- piperidinetriol is synthesized from high purity (99%) monosaccharide methylated with formaldehyde in aqueous solution with hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide as catalysts. It has CAS number 8056-97-2 and molecular weight of 231.24 grams per mole.</p>

<p>Allyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-a-D-glucopyranoside is a sugar that is used in the synthesis of glycosides. It can be synthesized by a click modification reaction that yields an allyl ether from an allylic alcohol. This product has been shown to react with bromine in the presence of UV light and produce a monobenzylated product, which can be used as a fluorescent probe for labeling saccharides. Allyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-a-D-glucopyranoside can also be modified with methyl groups or glycosidic bonds to form complex carbohydrates.</p>

2-Acetamido-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside is a modification of the natural carbohydrate. It is an oligosaccharide synthesized with custom synthesis. The synthetic process involves the methylation and glycosylation of the monosaccharides. Fluorination and saccharide linkages are also used in the production of this compound. 2-Acetamido-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-2-deoxyglucopyranoside can be used as a building block for complex carbohydrates or as a research reagent for glycobiology.

<p>1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-benzyl-a-D-mannopyranoside is an active drug that belongs to the group of thyromimetics. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed in vivo to 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-mannopyranose. This drug has been shown to be effective in treating nervous system diseases such as sclerosis and endogenous disease. The acetylation of the benzyl group on this molecule prevents it from being metabolized by enzymes that are found in the liver. The unmodified form of this drug is rapidly absorbed into the blood and reaches high concentrations quickly.</p>

<p>This compound is a sugar molecule that is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It can be custom synthesized to have a desired purity and monomer content. It is also an intermediate for the synthesis of other saccharides. This compound is fluorinated at the 6-position and glycosylated at the 2-position, which makes it water soluble. The CAS number for this compound is 58427-42-6.</p>

1,3:1,4-B-Glucotriose (B) is a carbohydrate that is a monosaccharide. It is also an oligosaccharide that is classified as a complex carbohydrate. This compound can be synthesized with high purity and custom synthesis. 1,3:1,4-B-Glucotriose (B) can be modified with fluorination, methylation, glycosylation, and click modification. This product has CAS No. 157544-59-7.