Antiparasitics

Applications Ethaverine is an analogue of Papaverine (P190500), an antispasmodic. An isoquinoline derivative with the potential for antimicrobial, antimalarial and cytotoxic antiviral agents.
References Kaplan, D., et al.: Biochem. J., 201, 605 (1982), Hifnawy, M.S., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 17, 367 (1988); Iwasa, K. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 9, 2871 (2001);

Stability Moisture Sensitive
Applications N-(2-Benzoyl-4-chlorophenyl)formamide is used as a reagent in the synthesis of 2-aminoindole compounds that can be used as antimalarial agents.
References Mazitschek, R., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. WO 2011053697 A1 20110505. May 5, 2011

Applications Piperazine Dihydrochloride is an anthelmintic agent used in the treatment of parasitic worms in animals.
References Boes, J.et al.: Vet. Parasitol., 75, 181 (1998); Praslicka, J. et al.: Int. J. Parasitol., 27, 1523 (1997);

Applications 2-Hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone is a derivative of anthraquinone (A679245) which is an important precursor for many drugs, including Emodin (E523000), Aloe-emodin (A575400), Antimalarials such as Rufgallol, and also Antineoplastics used in the treatment of cancer, such as mitoxantrone (M373425), pixantrone (P552500), and the anthracyclines.
References Pan, X., et al.: Biochem. Eng. J., 5, 173 (2000), Macleod, L.C., et al.: Org. Synth., 14:4; (2005); McDonald, M., et al.: Drugs Exp. Clin. Res., 10, 745 (1984); Cavalletti, E. et al.: Invest. New Drugs, 25, 187 (2007);

Applications An intermediate in the synthesis of nicotinamide with potential anticoccidial activity.
References Morisawa, Y. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 20, 129 (1977);

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications Aminorex and Rexamino as metabolites of Levamisole (L331100).
References Poos, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 6, 266(1963), Watson, A., et al.: Res. Vet. Sci., 45, 411 (1988), Russell, B., et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 51, 375 (1995),

Impurity Metoclopramide EP Impurity E
Applications 2-Diethylaminoethylamine (Metoclopramide EP Impurity E) is used in the syntheses of anti-malarials. In addition, it has been seem to induce apoptosis through a caspase-3 dependent pathway.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Kumar, S. et al.: MedChemComm, 3, 489 (2012); del Olmo, E. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 12, 2621 (2002);

Applications 3-Hydroxy Niclosamide is a metabolite of Niclosamide(N395500) which is used as an anthelmintic drug (Cestodes).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Loftsson, T., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 85, 1017 (1996), Malik, N., et al.: Anti. Cancer Drugs, 10, 767 (1999), El-Sayed, M., et al.: Pharm. Res., 18, 23 (2001),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications The antibiotics Fosmidomycin and FR900098 are members of a unique class of phosphonic acid natural products that inhibit the nonmevalonate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis. Both are potent antibacterial and antimalarial compounds.
References Altschul, S., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 215, 403 (1990), Altschul, S., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 215, 403 (1990), Noda, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 279, 46143 (2004), Snow, R., et al.: Nature, 434, 214 (2005),

Applications Anhydrodihydroartemisinin is a semisynthetic derivative of Artersiminin (A777500). Anhydrodihydroartemisinin is a decomposition product of Artesunate (A777800) and Dihydroartemisinin (D448360). Anhydrodihydroartemisinin showed antimalarial activity although much weaker than its parent compound.
References Haynes, R.K. et al.: ChemMedChem, 2, 1448 (2007); Lin, A.J. et al.: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 50, 777 (1994); Galal, A. et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 68, 1274 (2005);

Applications Diclazuril 6-Carboxamide is an impurity of Diclazuril (D436200), a nucleotide analog with broad-spectrum anticoccidial activity.

Applications (E)-Cefodizime can be obtained from Ethyl Acetate (E899545) which is a chemical intermediate used in the production of various analgesics, antibiotics and antimalarial agents.
References Mutti, F.G., et al.: Adv. Syn. Cata., 354, 3409 (2012); Subudhi, B., et al.: Bull. Chem. Soc., Ethiopia., 26, 455 (2012);

Applications 9-Methylacridine is an derivative of Acridine (A190900), a quinoline derivative used as manufacturing dyes and as an intermediate for the synthesis of antileishmanial agents.
References Pathak, D. et al.: Pharma Chemica, 3, 239 (2011); Mathieu, O. et al.: Xenobiotica, 41, 91 (2011); Rubbo, S.D. et al.: Br. J. Exp. Pathol., 28, 1 (1947);

Applications 5-Bromo-1,2,3-trichlorobenzene is a useful intermediate in the preparation of isoxazole derivatives for controlling parasites, such as Rhipicephalus sanguineous nymphs.
References Gauvry, Noelle., et al.: PCT Int. Appl., WO 2012120135 A1 20120913. (2012);

Applications Used in the antileishmanial activity of lipidic amino alcohols.
References Coimbra, E.: Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 75, 233 (2010).

Applications 5-O-Demethyl-28-oxo-Avermectin A1a is a derivatie of Ivermectin (I940800), which is a semi-synthetic derivative of Abamectin. An invitro inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2/ Covid-19.
References Chabala, J.C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 23, 1134 (1980); Campbell, W.C., et al.: Science, 221, 823 (1983); Bennett, J.L., et al.: Parasitol. Today, 4, 226 (1988); Plaisier, A.P., et al.: J. Infect. Dis., 172, 204 (1995);; Caly, L., et al.: Antivir. Res., 178

Applications A diaminopyrimidine derivative with antimalarial and antibacterial properties.
References Coats, E. et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 14, 261 (1979); Falco, E. et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol. Chemoth., 6, 185 (1951)

Applications rac-Febrifugine dihydrochloride is the salt of Febrifugine, a bioactive constituent of a Chinese medicinal herb that is characterized by its therapeutic activity regarding malaria, cancer, fibrosis and inflammatory diseases.
References Keller, T.L.: Nat. Chem. Bio., 8, 311, (2012); Zhu, S. et al.: Bio. Med. Chem., 17, 4496 (2009);

Applications Diclazuril 6-Carboxylic Acid [(4-Chlorophenyl)cyanomethyl]-2,6-dichlorophenyl-4-amide is an dimerized impurity of Diclazuril (D436200), a nucleotide analog with broad-spectrum anticoccidial activity.

Applications 4-Methoxy-6-(2-phenylethyl)-2H-pyran-2-one is a Kawain (K145490) derivative that is known to exhibit antimalarial and antituberculosis activities. 4-Methoxy-6-(2-phenylethyl)-2H-pyran-2-one has been identified as a lead compound for the dual treatment of malaria and leishmaniasis.
References McCracken, S.T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20, 1482 (2012); Elzaawely, A.A.. et al.: Food. Chem., 103, 486 (2007); Xuan, T.D., et al.: J. Natural. Med., 62, 188 (2008);

Applications Alloc Bromoridane is used as an anticoccidial agent. Alloc Bromoridane is an intermediate of Febrifugine and Halofuginone (H102500), as inhibitors of prolyl-tRNA synthetase.

Applications 1,4-Dichloro-2,5-bis(trichloromethyl)-Benzene is a derivative compound of 1,4-Bis(trichloromethyl)-2-chlorobenzene (B585580), that acts as a reagent for the synthesis of hexachloroxylene derivatives which functions pharmaceutically as antimalaria and as a schistosomicides.
References Elslager, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 13, 542 (1970)

Applications Aminorex is a metabolite of Levamisole (L331100). Aminorex is an anorectic stimulant drug of the 2-amino-5-aryl oxazoline class. Aminorex has been shown to have locomotor stimulant effects similar to Methamphetamine (M258795).
References Poos, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 6, 266 (1963), Watson, A., et al.: Res. Vet. Sci., 45, 411 (1988), Russell, B., et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 51, 375 (1995),

Applications Gossypol is a mixture of natural polyphenols isolated from the cotton plant. It causes spermatogenesis arrest in humans and also functions as an anti-malarial agent. Antiinflammatory. Anticancer.
References Huo, M. et al.: Int. Immunopharmacol., 15, 442 (2013); Coutinho, E. et al.: Contraception. 65, 259 (2002); Royer, R. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 29, 1799 (1986);

Hexadecylphosphocholine, better known as miltefosine, belongs to the group of phospholipids. The long alkyl chain and a polar group of a molecule proved to be essential for antitumor activity, especially to cure breast cancer cells. The apoptotic process takes place in the plasma membrane, where molecules are inserted and then influence signaling pathways. Moreover, during preclinical studies hexadecylphosphocholine (He-PC) found to be highly effective in inhibiting the growth of chemically induced rat mammary carcinomas, and even a high percentage of the tumors regressed completely. The He-PC has many more applications such as antifungal agent, antiprotozoal drug, protein kinase inhibitor or immunomodulator. Even though miltefosine was originally developed in the 1980s as an anti-cancer agent, new studies have demonstrated activity against Leishmania parasites and neoplastic cells, and due to broad spectrum of antimicrobial effects, it is recommended as a first line treatment for free-living amebae infections.

Benznidazole is an antiprotozoal agent and is used for the treatment of Chagas disease. It generates free radicals that damage the DNA and other cellular components of the parasite.

Imidocarb Dipropionate is an antiprotozoal compound with a mode of action that interferes with the glycolysis of parasites like Babesia. It is used for treating infections such as babesiosis in animals.

Primaquine is an antimalarial agent with action on Plasmodium hypnozoites in the liver and is used for preventing relapses of malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale.

Treatment for leishmaniasis

Applications Antimalarial agent. The compound showed antimalarial activity similar to that of Chloroquine.
References Desjardins, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 16, 710 (1979), McKie, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 1367 (1998), Gozalbes, R., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 52, 111 (1999), Marrero-Ponce, Y., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 13, 1293 (2005),

Applications Methyl 1-((2-Benzyloxycarbonxyl)phenyl)-2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranuronate-d4 is an intermediate in the synthesis of the metabolites of Nitazoxanide (N490100), an anthelmintic (cestodes), antiprotozoal (cryptosporidium) agent.
References Honma, K., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 24, 394 (1976), Dubreuil, L., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 40, 2266 (1996), Stockis, A., et al.: Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 34, 349 (1996),

Applications 4''-Keto-5-O-[(2-propenyloxy)carbonyl]-Abamectin is a derivative of Abamectin (A107000), a mixture of avermectins, containing at least 80% of avermectin B1a (C48H72O14) and not more than 20% of avermectin B1b (C47H70O14). Used as acaricide, insecticide, Cannabis pesticide detection.
References Wang, S., et al.: Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 97, 373 (1982); Greenblatt, J.A., et al.: J. Agric. Entomol., 3, 233 (1986); Drexler, G., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 99, 269 (1984);

Applications N-(2-Indol-3-ylethyl)-succinamic Acid Methyl Ester is an intermediate in the synthesis of Canthin-6-one (C175635), which is used as an anticancer agent compromising cancer cells showing multi-drug resistance. Also used in the synthesis of β-carbolinium compounds as antimalarial agents.
References Murakami, C. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 12, 4963 (2004); Takasu, K. et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 53, 653 (2005);

Applications Farnesal is a reagent in the synthesis of farnesylpyrophosphate analogues which acts as bisubstrate inhibitors of protein farnesyltransferase and has antiparasitics properties.
References Duez, S. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 18, 543 (2010);

Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive
Applications Ivermectin B1 Aglycon is an impurity of Ivermectin (I940800), an antiparasitic drug that is active against a wide variety of nematode and arthropod parasites and is used to treat scabies and lice in humans. An invitro inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2/ Covid-19.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Campbell, W., et al.: Science, 221, 823 (1983); Glaziou, P., et al.: Trop. Med. Parasitol., 45, 253 (1994); Meinking, T., et al.: New Engl. J. Med., 333, 26 (1995); Caly, L., et al.: Antivir. Res., 178

Applications Artemisic Acid is a derivative of Artemisinin (A777500), an antimalarial constituent of the tradional Chinese medicinal herb Artemisia annua L., Compositae, which has been known for almost 2000 years as Qinghao. Antimalarial.
References Klayman, D.L., et al.: Science, 228, 1049 (1985), Price, R.N., et al.: Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs, 9, 1815 (2000), Meshnick, S.R., et al.: Int. J., Parasitol., 32, 1655 (2002),

Applications 6-(Aminocarbonyl)pyridine-3-boronic Acid is a reagent in the identification of highly potent compounds against human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.
References Le Manach, C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 59, 9890-9905 (2016);

Applications Canthin-6-one is used as an anticancer agent compromising cancer cells showing multi-drug resistance. Also used in the synthesis of β-carbolinium compounds as antimalarial agents.
References Murakami, C. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 12, 4963 (2004); Takasu, K. et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 53, 653 (2005);

Applications 3-Chloro-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)propanamide acts as an inhibitor towards DOXP-reductoisomerase (DXR), a primary target for antimalarial drugs.
References Bodill, T. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 21, 4332 (2013);

Applications Bruceantin A acts as an anti-babesial quassinoid, extracted from the fruits of Brucea javanica, also an effective anti-trypanosomal agent in vitro. Cytotoxic agent.
References Bawm, S. et al.: Vet. Parasitol., 158, 288 (2008); Elkhateeb, A, et al.: Nat. Prod. Comm., 3, 145 (2008);

Applications 5-Nitro-1H-quinolin-2-one is used in the synthetic preparation of novel antileishmanial agents for Leishmania donovani promastigotes.
References Paloque, L., et al.: Europ. J. Med. Chem., 54, 75 (2012);

Applications Diethyl Isobutylmalonate is used as a reagent in the synthesis of quinoline-based zinc metallo-aminopeptidase inhibitors which have antimalarial activity.
References Flipo, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 13, 2659 (2003)

Applications Benzenebutanoic Acid Ethyl Ester is used in the synthesis of thiazolium salts with potent antimalarial activity. Also used in the preparation of novel lactate dehydrogenase A inhibitors. This compound is suitable for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) related research.
References Hamze, A. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 3639 (2005); Ward, R. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 55, 3285 (2012);

Applications 2,5-Diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran is used as a reagent to synthesize Mexicanin H, a biologically active sesquiterpene lactone that exhibits antiparasitic activity against Trypanosoma cruzi (a parasite that causes Chagas disease)
References Jimenez-Ortiz, V., et al.: Parasitology, 91, 170 (2005); Romo, J., et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., No vol. given, 1029 (1966)

Applications 4,4'-Dimethyldiphenylamine is a reagent used in the comparative studies of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of N-phenylanthranilic acids and mefenamic acid, and the anti parasitic activities of some substituted diphenylamines.
References Izard-Verchere, C., et al.: Chimica Therapeutica, 6, 346 (1971)

Applications Used in the preparation of antimalarial isonitriles.
References Singh, C. et al.; Bioorgan. Med. Chem. Lett. 12, 2277 (2002)

Applications 7-Amino-1,5-dihydro-5-imino-2,8-quinolinedione is a quinoline derivative. The principle use of Quinoline is the preparation of 8-hydroxyquinoline (H953265), a versatile chelating agent and precursor to certain antimalarial and anticancer drugs.
References Pettit, G.R., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 33, 1089 (1968);

Applications 4,5-Dichloroquinoline can be used as an antimalarial.
References Andersag, Hans.: Chemische Berichte, 81, 499-507 (1948)

Stability No Date Available
Applications (E)-4-Hydroxycrotonoic Acid Ethyl Ester is an intermediate in the preparation of unusual amino acids that are potential Michael acceptor based antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal cysteine protease inhibitors.
References Breuning, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 53, 1951 (2010);