Flavonoids

<p>Orobol 3',4'-dimethyl ether is a synthetic flavonoid compound, which is derived from chemical modifications of naturally occurring flavonoids. These compounds are typically found in a variety of plants and are well-known for their diverse biological activities. Orobol 3',4'-dimethyl ether is specifically engineered to enhance or modify these natural properties for potential therapeutic use.</p>

<p>Dihydro daidzein is an isoflavonoid derivative, which is a naturally occurring compound primarily sourced from the metabolic biotransformation of daidzein, a soy isoflavone. This metabolite is generated through the fermentation process by intestinal microbiota, highlighting its origin from dietary sources, particularly soy products.</p>

<p>Pinostrobin is a natural flavonoid compound, which is derived primarily from the rhizomes of plants such as the fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda) and various species of the Pinus genus. Its mode of action involves potent antioxidant activity, where it scavenges free radicals, thus reducing oxidative stress. Additionally, Pinostrobin exhibits antimicrobial properties by disrupting microbial cell membranes and inhibiting essential microbial enzymes.</p>

<p>5,6-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound, which is predominantly sourced from various plants, often found in the leaves, stems, or roots. This compound belongs to the broader class of flavonoids, which are known for their diverse biochemical activities. As a flavone derivative, its structure includes hydroxyl and methoxy functional groups that contribute to its biological activity.</p>

<p>Tilianin is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a natural compound derived from the plant **Dracocephalum moldavica**. It is primarily sourced from the leaves and flowers of this herbaceous plant, belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Tilianin exerts its effects through several biochemical pathways, most notably by inhibiting inflammatory mediators and modulating oxidative stress pathways. This mode of action suggests its potential as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent.</p>

<p>Iriskashmirianin is a naturally occurring flavonoid derivative, which is isolated from specific plant sources. It belongs to the broader class of flavonoids, compounds known for their bioactive properties. The mode of action of Iriskashmirianin involves its interaction with cellular pathways, where it functions primarily as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. It neutralizes free radicals and modulates inflammatory responses by influencing various signaling pathways at the molecular level.</p>

<p>2',4'-Dimethoxy-6-methylflavanol is a specialized flavonoid compound, which is a type of secondary metabolite primarily found in various plants. These compounds are often extracted from plants recognized for their rich phytochemical profiles, such as those in the Fabaceae or Rutaceae families. Flavonoids, including 2',4'-Dimethoxy-6-methylflavanol, are known for their diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potential anti-cancer properties.</p>

<p>Genistein-5,4'-dimethyl ether is a methylated isoflavone, which is a naturally occurring compound primarily extracted from various plant sources, particularly legumes. This bioactive compound is a derivative of the well-known isoflavone genistein, with methyl groups added at specific positions on the aromatic ring structure, altering its chemical properties and biological activity.</p>

<p>3-Hydroxy-6,2',4',5'-tetramethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavone, which is a type of polyphenolic compound predominantly found in certain plants. This compound belongs to the broader class of flavonoids, often isolated from plant sources like tropical herbs and medicinal plants renowned for their rich bioactive profiles.</p>

<p>3',4'-Dihydroxyflavanone is a type of flavonoid, which is a class of polyphenolic compounds known for diverse biological activities. This compound is primarily sourced from various plants, where it plays a role in plant defense mechanisms due to its antioxidant properties. The mode of action of 3',4'-Dihydroxyflavanone involves the scavenging of free radicals, thereby mitigating oxidative stress at the cellular level. This activity is facilitated by its dihydroxy structure, which allows it to donate hydrogen atoms to neutralize reactive oxygen species.</p>

<p>7-O-Prenyloxyflavanone is a bioactive compound, specifically a flavanone, which is isolated from various plant sources known for their rich flavonoid content. The compound is characterized by the attachment of a prenyl group at the 7-O position of the flavanone structure, which imparts unique biological activities.</p>

<p>6-Methylflavone is a synthetic flavonoid, which is derived from the structural modification of natural flavonoids commonly found in various plants. This compound has garnered interest due to its pharmacological potential, particularly as a modulator of the central nervous system. The mode of action of 6-Methylflavone involves its interaction with the GABA_A receptors, where it is believed to function as a positive allosteric modulator. This interaction enhances the inhibitory effects of GABA, a primary neurotransmitter in the brain, thereby potentially exerting anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects.</p>

<p>2',3'-Dimethoxyflavone is a synthetic flavone derivative, which is naturally sourced from plants, particularly those containing flavonoid compounds. Its mode of action involves modulating various biochemical pathways, including enzyme inhibition and interaction with cellular receptors. This modulation can alter cell signaling, affecting processes such as inflammation and cancer cell proliferation.</p>

<p>Isoflavone from processed leaves and stems of Cyclopia intermedia</p>

<p>Chrysoeriol is a flavonoid compound, which is derived from various plant sources, including many herbs and flowers such as chamomile and tarragon. It functions through inhibition of certain cellular pathways that lead to inflammation, such as the suppression of NF-kB and cyclooxygenase activity. Additionally, chrysoeriol exhibits antioxidative effects by scavenging free radicals and enhancing the body's natural antioxidant enzyme systems.</p>

<p>Oroxylin A is a natural flavonoid compound, which is derived from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis, commonly known as Baikal skullcap. It is primarily recognized for its bioactive properties, attributed to its modulation of various biochemical pathways. Oroxylin A acts by inhibiting the activity of certain enzymes, such as cyclooxygenase, and influencing signaling pathways like NF-kB, which are integral to inflammatory responses. It also exhibits potent neuroprotective effects by interacting with GABA_A receptors, thereby influencing neurotransmission.</p>

<p>3-Hydroxy-2',4',5'-trimethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavone, which is a type of polyphenolic compound. This compound is typically derived from plant sources, where it is biosynthesized as part of the plant’s secondary metabolism. The mode of action for flavones like 3-Hydroxy-2',4',5'-trimethoxyflavone involves modulating various biochemical pathways, including antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition, which may affect various metabolic and cellular processes.</p>

<p>7,2'-Dibenzyloxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone is a synthetic isoflavone compound, which is derived from chemical synthesis processes rather than natural sources. Isoflavones are a class of flavonoids often studied for their diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potential anticancer properties. This compound is characterized by its unique chemical structure that incorporates benzyl and methoxy groups, possibly enhancing its pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy.</p>

<p>Neoschaftoside is a naturally occurring bioactive compound, which is an acylated flavonoid C-glycoside. It is primarily sourced from various plant species, including members of the Poaceae and Fabaceae families. The compound functions through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, interacting with cellular pathways to mitigate oxidative stress and modulate immune responses. These actions make neoschaftoside a compound of interest in pharmacological research, particularly in the study of chronic diseases where inflammation and oxidative damage are key pathological features. Its applications extend to potential therapeutic development in areas such as cardiovascular health, neuroprotection, and metabolic disorders. The ongoing investigation into its modes of action and bioavailability continues to reveal insights into its efficacy and potential as a natural therapeutic agent.</p>

<p>Naringin is a bioflavonoid, which is a secondary metabolite predominantly found in citrus fruits, particularly in grapefruits and oranges. This compound is sourced from the peels and juices of these fruits, where it serves as a major constituent contributing to their distinct bitter taste.</p>

<p>Pyraclostrobin is a fungicide, which is a synthetic compound derived from the strobilurin class of fungicidal chemistry. It is characterized as a product of chemical synthesis designed to inhibit fungal growth through its unique mode of action. Pyraclostrobin functions by disrupting mitochondrial respiration in the targeted fungi, specifically inhibiting electron transfer at the cytochrome bc1 complex. This interference halts ATP production, ultimately leading to the death of the fungal cells.</p>

<p>8-Prenylgenistein is a prenylated isoflavone, which is a type of naturally occurring polyphenolic compound. It is primarily sourced from plants, particularly legumes, and is a derivative of genistein, an isoflavone commonly found in soy products. The addition of a prenyl group distinguishes 8-prenylgenistein from its parent compound, potentially enhancing its bioactivity and pharmacokinetics.</p>

<p>Anti-diabetic; anti-hyperlipidemic; antioxidantImage taken by Jin-Yao Ong 台灣山豆根 Euchresta formosana (Hayata) OhwiOhwi, J. Jap. Bot. 12(9): 659. 1936.</p>

<p>3,6,2',3'-Tetrahydroxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid, which is a type of phytochemical found in various plants. As a secondary metabolite, flavonoids like this one are primarily sourced from the polyphenolic compounds prevalent in fruits, vegetables, and certain herbs.</p>

<p>Ternatin B is a naturally derived compound, which is a cyclic peptide sourced from plant-based materials. It functions predominantly by inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a critical pathway involved in the regulation of cell growth and autophagy. This mode of action positions Ternatin B as a potent inhibitor of autophagy, the cellular process responsible for the degradation and recycling of cellular components.</p>

<p>Calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside) possesses a protective effect on rat hepatocytes, an inhibitory effect on COX-2 activity.</p>

<p>2',7-Dihydroxyflavone is a natural flavonoid compound, which is derived from plant sources, particularly within the broader family of flavonoids known for their diverse biological activities. This compound exhibits its mode of action primarily through interactions with cellular signaling pathways, notably acting as a potent agonist for the TrkB receptor, a critical component in neurotrophic signaling. The activation of TrkB is pivotal in promoting neuronal survival, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity, making this compound of significant interest in the field of neuroscience.</p>

<p>5,8-Dihydroxy-3,3',4',7-tetramethoxyflavone is a secondary metabolite of plants that belongs to the group of phytochemicals. It is one of the most potent natural antioxidants and has been shown to have antioxidant activity in a number of different assays. 5,8-Dihydroxy-3,3',4',7-tetramethoxyflavone can be used for analytical purposes as an HPLC standard or reference material. This compound has also been shown to inhibit tumor cell proliferation in vitro and may be useful for research and development purposes.</p>

<p>Quercetin 3-rhamnoside 7-glucoside is a naturally occurring flavonoid glycoside, which is derived from various plant sources, particularly those rich in flavonoids like fruits, vegetables, and leaves. This compound is characterized by its complex structure that includes quercetin linked to sugar moieties, specifically rhamnose and glucose, at the 3 and 7 positions.</p>

<p>7-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan is a naturally occurring isoflavan, which is a type of flavonoid compound predominantly derived from leguminous plants. Isoflavans are a subclass of isoflavonoids that are known for their diverse biological activities. This particular compound is often extracted from plants in the Fabaceae family and exhibits a rich chemical framework that supports multiple pharmacological functions.</p>

<p>3',4',7-Trimethoxyflavone is a bioactive flavonoid compound, which is predominantly sourced from certain plant species, including those within the genus Kaempferia. This compound is part of the larger class of flavonoids known for their diverse biological activities. Its mode of action primarily involves modulating various cellular pathways, including signaling pathways related to inflammation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Recent studies suggest its potential as an inhibitor of specific enzymes and receptors, enabling its role in reducing oxidative stress and modulating immune responses.</p>

<p>7-Hydroxyflavone-beta-D-glucoside is a glucoside compound, which is a type of natural flavonoid derivative. This compound is derived from plant sources, particularly those rich in flavonoids, where it is a metabolite formed through the glycosylation of 7-hydroxyflavone. The mode of action of 7-Hydroxyflavone-beta-D-glucoside involves interacting with cellular antioxidative pathways. It potentially offers protection against oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals and modulating enzyme activities related to oxidative metabolism.</p>

<p>Isoastilbin is a bioactive flavonoid, which is a naturally occurring compound found primarily in certain plant species, such as the Chinese herb Smilax glabra and Engelhardtia roxburghiana Wall leaf. As a derivative of astilbin, it possesses a unique mechanism that involves the modulation of cellular redox states. Isoastilbin's mode of action is primarily through its antioxidant properties, where it scavenges free radicals and thus, mitigates oxidative stress at a cellular level. Additionally, it exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.The applications of Isoastilbin are diverse and promising in scientific research. It is extensively studied for its potential therapeutic benefits in combating diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and certain metabolic syndromes. Furthermore, its role in cell signaling and apoptosis makes it a candidate for cancer research, offering insights into the molecular pathways that can be targeted for therapeutic intervention. Isoastilbin’s multifunctional properties make it a compelling subject for ongoing pharmacological and biomedical research.</p>

<p>Pomiferin-3',4'-dimethylether is a natural flavonoid compound, which is isolated from plants such as the Osage orange (Maclura pomifera). This compound is derived through meticulous extraction techniques that preserve its bioactive properties.</p>

<p>Flavanone rhamnoglucoside is a specialized flavonoid compound, which is derived from various natural sources such as fruits, vegetables, and certain medicinal plants. It functions primarily as an antioxidant by scavenging free radicals, thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress. Additionally, it exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by modulating pathways involved in inflammation, such as NF-kB and COX-2.</p>

<p>5-Hydroxy-7,2',3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone is a flavone that can be found in coffee. It has been shown to inhibit the enzyme arabinose isomerase and psiadiarabin, which are involved in the conversion of sugar into energy in plants. 5-Hydroxy-7,2',3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone also inhibits the plant enzyme phytase, which breaks down phytic acid. Phytic acid is a naturally occurring substance that binds to minerals such as calcium and zinc, preventing their absorption by the body. This compound has not shown any significant activity against bacterial DNA gyrase or topoisomerase IV or human DNA gyrase or topoisomerase II.</p>

<p>Dihydroisoformononetin is an isoflavonoid compound, which is a type of phytoestrogen derived primarily from plant sources, such as legumes and certain medicinal herbs. This compound is of significant interest due to its structural similarity to estrogen, which allows it to interact with estrogen receptors in the body. Its mode of action involves modulating estrogenic activity by acting either as an agonist or antagonist, depending on the tissue context. Such dual behavior makes it an intriguing subject of study in endocrine research.</p>

<p>5-Hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxy-6,8-dimethylflavone is a bioactive flavonoid compound, which is naturally derived from certain plant sources. As a type of flavone, this compound is notable for its polyphenolic skeleton that contributes to notable biological properties. Its mode of action primarily involves modulating various enzymatic pathways and cellular signaling processes due to its structural ability to interact with biomolecules like enzymes and receptors. This interaction can lead to a range of biological effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.</p>

<p>Neoisoastilbin is a chemical compound, specifically a flavonoid derivative, derived primarily from natural botanical sources such as certain species of plants. It is characterized by its unique structural configuration which distinguishes it from its closely related isomers. As a flavonoid, Neoisoastilbin acts through multiple biochemical pathways, notably by scavenging free radicals and modulating oxidative stress responses, which can have significant implications in biological systems.Neoisoastilbin's notable applications lie in its potential antioxidant properties, which are of particular interest in the fields of pharmacology and biochemistry. Researchers study its effects on cellular models to understand its role in protecting cells from oxidative damage. It also has potential applications in the development of therapeutic agents aiming to mitigate conditions associated with oxidative stress, such as neurodegenerative diseases or cardiovascular disorders. Investigations into its pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics are essential to elucidate its full potential and mechanisms within complex biological systems.</p>

<p>7,8-Dihydroxyflavanone is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound, which is typically sourced from various plant species. This compound is structurally characterized by two hydroxyl groups, which are crucial for its biochemical activity. Its mode of action primarily involves the modulation of cellular signaling pathways, including those related to oxidative stress and enzyme inhibition. By interfering with these pathways, 7,8-Dihydroxyflavanone exerts antioxidant and possibly anti-inflammatory effects.</p>

<p>Glycitin is an isoflavone glycoside, which is a bioactive compound primarily derived from soybeans. This natural compound is sourced from the soy plant, Glycine max, where it serves as one of the predominant isoflavones. Isoflavones like glycitin function as phytoestrogens, plant-derived compounds that can mimic or modulate the action of estrogen in the body. Glycitin undergoes hydrolysis in the digestive system to produce its aglycone form, glycitein, which can interact with estrogen receptors and exert estrogenic effects.</p>

<p>7,8,4'-Trimethoxyisoflavone is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is a type of flavonoid commonly found in various plants. It is derived from natural botanical sources, where it functions as a secondary metabolite. Isoflavones are known for their complex chemical structures and ability to interact with various biological pathways.</p>

<p>4'-Methoxyflavonol is a flavonoid compound, which is a naturally occurring secondary metabolite primarily found in various plant species. It is characterized by the presence of a methoxy group attached to the flavonol backbone, contributing to its unique chemical properties. Through its antioxidant activity, 4'-Methoxyflavonol plays a crucial role in neutralizing free radicals and reducing oxidative stress within cells.</p>

<p>2',6-Dihydroxyflavone is a natural flavonoid compound, which is derived from various plant sources. This compound is known for its interaction with cellular pathways and has been studied extensively for its potential neuroprotective effects. 2',6-Dihydroxyflavone acts as an agonist for the TrkB receptor, which is the high-affinity catalytic receptor for the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). By activating this receptor, it plays a crucial role in neuronal survival, development, and plasticity.</p>

<p>Dihydrokaempferol-3-O-arabinoside is a flavonoid compound, which is a type of phenolic product found in plants. These compounds are prevalent in various plant species where they contribute to the pigmentation and play a crucial role in plant defense mechanisms. The compound is derived from natural sources, primarily isolated from plant materials rich in flavonoids, such as certain fruits and medicinal herbs.</p>

<p>7-Hydroxyisoflavone-7-O-glucoside is a glucoside derivative of isoflavone, which is a naturally occurring flavonoid often sourced from plants such as legumes and soy. This compound is known for its biochemical properties, primarily its role as an antioxidant and its capacity to modulate inflammation.</p>

<p>Deguelin is a rotenoid, which is a naturally occurring compound derived primarily from the roots of plants in the Leguminosae family, such as Mundulea sericea and Derris species. It functions as a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, interfering with cellular respiration by blocking electron transport within the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This action leads to the inhibition of ATP production, which is essential for cellular energy.</p>

<p>Orobol 7,3',4'-trimethyl ether is a synthetic flavonoid compound, which is derived from the chemical modification of natural flavonoids. These modifications involve methylation, specifically at the 7, 3', and 4' positions of the flavone structure. This chemical derivation allows for enhanced stability and solubility compared to its natural counterparts.</p>