Primary Antibodies

C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4) Homo sapiens This gene encodes a CXC chemokine receptor specific for stromal cell-derived factor-1. The protein has 7 transmembrane regions and is located on the cell surface. It acts with the CD4 protein to support HIV entry into cells and is also highly expressed in breast cancer cells. Mutations in this gene have been associated with WHIM (warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis) syndrome. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the serine/threonine kinase family. This kinase contains a SH3 domain and a leucine zipper-basic motif. This kinase preferentially activates MAPK8/JNK kinase, and functions as a positive regulator of JNK signaling pathway. This kinase can directly phosphorylate, and activates IkappaB kinase alpha and beta, and is found to be involved in the transcription activity of NF-kappaB mediated by Rho family GTPases and CDC42. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase I requires the formation of a complex composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and three TBP-associated factors (TAFs) specific for RNA polymerase I. This complex, known as SL1, binds to the core promoter of ribosomal RNA genes to position the polymerase properly and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. This gene encodes one of the SL1-specific TAFs. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016],

GTP-binding proteins, or G proteins, constitute a superfamily capable of binding GTP or GDP. G proteins are activated by binding GTP and are inactivated by hydrolyzing GTP to GDP. This general mechanism enables G proteins to perform a wide range of biologic activities.[supplied by OMIM, Jan 2003],

Troponin I (TnI), along with troponin T (TnT) and troponin C (TnC), is one of 3 subunits that form the troponin complex of the thin filaments of striated muscle. TnI is the inhibitory subunit; blocking actin-myosin interactions and thereby mediating striated muscle relaxation. The TnI subfamily contains three genes: TnI-skeletal-fast-twitch, TnI-skeletal-slow-twitch, and TnI-cardiac. This gene encodes the TnI-cardiac protein and is exclusively expressed in cardiac muscle tissues. Mutations in this gene cause familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy type 7 (CMH7) and familial restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],

Ephrin receptors and their ligands, the ephrins, mediate numerous developmental processes, particularly in the nervous system. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. The Eph family of receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. Ephrin receptors make up the largest subgroup of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for ephrin-B family members. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],

The Ras superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins, which includes the Ras (see MIM 190020), Ral (see MIM 179550), Rho (see MIM 165390), Rap (see MIM 179520), and Rab (see MIM 179508) families, is involved in controlling a diverse set of essential cellular functions. The Rab family, including RAB11B, appears to play a critical role in regulating exocytotic and endocytotic pathways (summary by Zhu et al., 1994 [PubMed 7811277]).[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2010],

KCNK9 or TASK-3 (TWIK-related Acid sensitive K+ channel) is a member of the potassium channel family of proteins that contain two-pore domain and four transmembrane domains. These channels are characterized as leak K+ channels that are sensitive to changes in the extracellular pH.

The protein encoded by this gene is a calcium-activated nonselective ion channel that mediates transport of monovalent cations across membranes, thereby depolarizing the membrane. The activity of the encoded protein increases with increasing intracellular calcium concentration, but this channel does not transport calcium. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016],

The protein encoded by this gene, Aldolase A (fructose-bisphosphate aldolase), is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Three aldolase isozymes (A, B, and C), encoded by three different genes, are differentially expressed during development. Aldolase A is found in the developing embryo and is produced in even greater amounts in adult muscle. Aldolase A expression is repressed in adult liver, kidney and intestine and similar to aldolase C levels in brain and other nervous tissue. Aldolase A deficiency has been associated with myopathy and hemolytic anemia. Alternative splicing and alternative promoter usage results in multiple transcript variants. Related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 3 and 10. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011],

This gene encodes a member of the sirtuin family of proteins, homologs to the yeast Sir2 protein. Members of the sirtuin family are characterized by a sirtuin core domain and grouped into four classes. The functions of human sirtuins have not yet been determined; however, yeast sirtuin proteins are known to regulate epigenetic gene silencing and suppress recombination of rDNA. Studies suggest that the human sirtuins may function as intracellular regulatory proteins with mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. The protein encoded by this gene is included in class IV of the sirtuin family. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],

The protein encoded by this gene induces proliferation, migration, and fenestration (the formation of membrane discontinuities) in capillary endothelial cells derived from endocrine glands. It has little or no effect on a variety of other endothelial and non-endothelial cell types. Its expression is restricted to the steroidogenic glands (ovary, testis, adrenal, and placenta), is induced by hypoxia, and often complementary to the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), suggesting that these molecules function in a coordinated manner. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011],

function:May be involved in inflammatory and metaplastic responses of the gastrointestinal epithelium.,induction:Up-regulated by mucosal injury from active Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Up-regulated in colorectal tumors. Up-regulated in epithelial cells at regenerating margins of peptic ulcers in the stomach and duodenum.,online information:Regenerating protein IV,similarity:Contains 1 C-type lectin domain.,tissue specificity:Highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract including the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, ileocecum, appendix, descending colon, pancreas and small intestine. Weakly expressed in normal colon and stomach. Strongly expressed in most colorectal tumors than in normal colon. Preferentialy expressed in mucinous tumors and in some cases neuro-endocrine tumors. Expressed in mucus-secreting cells and enterocyte-like cells. In small intestine expressed at the basal perinuclear zone of goblet cells.,

This gene belongs to the VCX/Y gene family, which has multiple members on both X and Y chromosomes, and all are expressed exclusively in male germ cells. The X-linked members are clustered on chromosome Xp22 and Y-linked members are two identical copies of the gene within a palindromic region on Yq11. The family members share a high degree of sequence identity, with the exception that a 30-bp unit is tandemly repeated in X-linked members but occurs only once in Y-linked members. The VCX gene cluster is polymorphic in terms of copy number; different individuals may have a different number of VCX genes. VCX/Y genes encode small and highly charged proteins of unknown function. The presence of a putative bipartite nuclear localization signal suggests that VCX/Y members are nuclear proteins. This gene contains 8 repeats of the 30-bp unit. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],

The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunit protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the ORC complex. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2010],

The product of this gene phosphorylates the beta-2-adrenergic receptor and appears to mediate agonist-specific desensitization observed at high agonist concentrations. This protein is an ubiquitous cytosolic enzyme that specifically phosphorylates the activated form of the beta-adrenergic and related G-protein-coupled receptors. Abnormal coupling of beta-adrenergic receptor to G protein is involved in the pathogenesis of the failing heart. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],

This gene is the human homolog of murine plunc, and like the mouse gene, is specifically expressed in the upper airways and nasopharyngeal regions. The encoded antimicrobial protein displays antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. It is thought to be involved in inflammatory responses to irritants in the upper airways and may also serve as a potential molecular marker for detection of micrometastasis in non-small-cell lung cancer. Multiple transcript variants resulting from alternative splicing in the 3' UTR have been detected, but the full-length nature of only three are known. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2014],