Valproic Acid and Impurities

<p>Applications Antiepileptic; Anticonvulsant that also acts as a mood stabilizer for those with bipolar disorder.<br>References Chang, Z.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 529 (1979), Della Paschoa, O.E., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 125, 1610 (1998), Grimes, C.A., et al.: J. Neirochem., 73, 1384 (1999), Loscher, W., Prog. Neurobiol., 58, 31 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Antiepileptic; increases levels of -aminobutyric acid(GABA) in the brain. Anticonvulsant that also has efficacy as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder.<br>References Chang, Z.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 529 (1979), Della Paschoa, O.E., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 125, 1610 (1998), Grimes, C.A., et al.: J. Neirochem., 73, 1384 (1999), Loscher, W., Prog. Neurobiol., 58, 31 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Valproic Acid.<br>References Burchell, B., et al.: Dev. Pharmacol. Ther., 13, 70 (1989), Bjorge, S.M., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 19, 823 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Light and Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications A metabolite of Valproic Acid.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References McLean, M.J., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 237, 1001 (1986), Lee, R.D., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 78, 667 (1989), Mergen, F., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 43, 815, (1991)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled metabolite of Valproic acid.<br>References Rudy, A., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 259, 1133 (1991), Nagai, K., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 39, 295 (1997), Yamamura, N., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 724 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Valproic Acid.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References McLean, M.J., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 237, 1001 (1986), Lee, R.D., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 78, 667 (1989), Mergen, F., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 43, 815, (1991)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Valproic Acid USP Related Compound B<br>Applications A constitutional isomer of Valproic acid; a potent anticonvulsant. Sodium valproate impurity C. Valproic Acid USP Related Compound B.<br>References Levy, R., et al.: Pharm. Res., 8, 551 (1991), Barton, M., et al.: Epilepsy Res., 47, 217 (2001), Fox, A., et al.: Pain, 105, 355 (2003), Archer, D., et al.: Anesth. Analg., 104, 180 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Valproic Acid Ethyl Ester is the ethyl ester derivative of one of the major antiepileptic drugs, Valproic Acid (V094750). It has potential to be used as a biofuel, has a pleasant odor, and displays marked resistance to clouding and crystallization.<br>References Redecker, C., et al.: Neuropharmacology, 39, 254 (2000); Fontana, J.D., et al.: J. Chromatogr. Sci., 47, 808 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Valproic Acid.<br>References Burchell, B., et al.: Dev. Pharmacol. Ther., 13, 70 (1989), Bjorge, S.M., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 19, 823 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications Valproic Acid Methyl Ester is the methyl ester derivative of Valproic Acid (V094750); one of the major antiepileptic drugs. Also an anticonvulsant that acts as a mood stabilizer for the treatment of bipolar disorder.<br>References Chang, Z.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 529 (1979); Della Paschoa, O.E., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 125, 1610 (1998); Grimes, C.A., et al.: J. Neirochem., 73, 1384 (1999); Loscher, W., Prog. Neurobiol., 58, 31 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2-Dipropylvaleramide, is an impurity of Valproic Acid (V094750), an antiepileptic; anticonvulsant that also acts as a mood stabilizer for those with bipolar disorder.<br>References Chang, Z.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 529 (1979), Della Paschoa, O.E., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 125, 1610 (1998), Grimes, C.A., et al.: J. Neirochem., 73, 1384 (1999), Loscher, W., Prog. Neurobiol., 58, 31 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Valproic Acid USP Related Compound A<br>Applications Diallylacetic Acid (Valproic Acid USP Related Compound A), is a metabolite of Valproic Acid (V094750) as anticonvulsant agents. It can also be used for the synthesis of Velbanamine.<br>References Liu, H., et al.: Beilstein J. Org. Chem., 9, 983 (2013); Loscher, W., Prog. Neurobiol., 58, 31 (1999); Netzeva, T., et al.: Pharmac. Res., 17, 727 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled metabolite of Valproic Acid.<br>References Burchell, B., et al.: Dev. Pharmacol. Ther., 13, 70 (1989), Bjorge, S.M., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 19, 823 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Methylethyl 2-Propylpentanoate is a derivative of Valproic Acid (V094750(P)), which has been used as an anti-epileptic. It is also an anti-convulsant that acts as a mood stabilizer for patients with bipolar disorder.<br>References Chang, Z.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 529 (1979); Della Paschoa, O.E., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 125, 1610 (1998); Grimes, C.A., et al.: J. Neirochem., 73, 1384 (1999); Loscher, W., Prog. Neurobiol., 58, 31 (1999);<br></p>

<p>2-Demethoxy-4-methoxy urapidil is a drug product that is used in the development of new drugs. It is a synthetic compound that is metabolized to form its natural metabolite, 2-demethoxyurapidil. This impurity standard has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects and can be used as an API impurity for pharmacopoeia. 2DMO4MU has been shown to be useful in the study of metabolism and has been found to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>2-Demethoxy-2-chloro urapidil is an analytical standard that is used in drug development and research. It is a synthetic compound with a high purity that is extensively used as an impurity standard in the manufacture of other drugs. The CAS number for 2-demethoxy-2-chloro urapidil is 34661-73-9.</p>

<p>O-Desmethyl urapidil is an impurity of the drug product, urapidil. It is a synthetic compound that is not found in nature. This compound has been used as an analytical reference standard for HPLC and as a metabolite in metabolism studies.</p>