Natural and semi-synthetic antibiotics

<p>Caspofungin impurity C is a high-purity, chromatographically pure, caspofungin impurity. It was isolated by chromatography and was found to have a retention time of 12.5 minutes on the chromatogram. The impurity is thought to be an organic compound with a molecular weight of 437.2 and may be due to the presence of an acetyl group or hydroxyl group.</p>

<p>3-(4-(4-Morpholinyl)phenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxazolidin-2-one is an impurity in the drug development process. It is used as a standard for HPLC testing and a synthetic intermediate. It has been shown to have niche use in the pharmaceutical industry. 3-(4-(4-Morpholinyl)phenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxazolidin-2-one has been found to be metabolized through oxidation and reduction reactions, leading to the formation of metabolites such as 2,6-dihydroxypyridine (DHP). Further metabolism studies are required for this substance.</p>

<p>Micafungin impurity B is a natural metabolite of micafungin. It is a synthetic impurity standard used in HPLC analysis. Micafungin impurity B has been shown to be the primary metabolite of micafungin in humans and is excreted in the urine and feces. Metabolism studies have shown that it may be formed by oxidation of the hydroxyl group at position C-3 or by hydrolysis of the amide bond between carbons C-4 and C-5.</p>

<p>N-tert-butyl-N-(((S)-3-(3-fluoro-4-morpholinophenyl)-2-oxooxazolidin-5-yl)methyl)acetamide (CAS 1215006-11, API impurity) is a synthetic compound from the drug development process. This impurity has been identified in the natural product and is not an active ingredient. It is found as a Metabolite in the pharmacopoeia and analytical methods. This substance is used for research and development of drugs, such as for standardizing HPLC.</p>

<p>CAS No. 37450-78-5, drug product, Custom synthesis, High purity, analytical, Metabolism studies, Natural, Drug development, pharmacopoeia, Metabolite, niche, Synthetic</p>

<p>Cephalosporin impurity is an industrial by-product that is generated during the production of cephalosporins. It is a white powder that has no known toxicological effects. Cephalosporin impurity can be used as a supplement in inoculated soil to increase the yield of cephalosporium, which is a fungus that produces cephalosporins.</p>

<p>(R)-3-(3-Fluoro-4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl)methyl methansulfonate is a Custom synthesis, drug product, Metabolite, Synthetic, Drug development, Impurity standard, Metabolism studies, API impurity, Natural, pharmacopoeia, analytical and HPLC standard. It is CAS No. 174649-09-3.</p>

<p>Amikacin EP Impurity A is a metabolite of amikacin. It is a white crystalline substance with a molecular weight of 269.5. Amikacin EP Impurity A is found in the urine and bile of individuals who have been administered amikacin. It has been shown to be pharmacologically active, inhibiting bacterial growth by binding to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thereby preventing transcription and replication.</p>

<p>N-(((5S)-3-(4-(4-Morpholinyl)phenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl)methyl) acetamide is an impurity of the antibiotic linezolid. It is a contaminant that can be found in urine and blood samples. N-(((5S)-3-(4-(4-Morpholinyl)phenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl)methyl) acetamide has been shown to be amyloidogenic, meaning it can form plaques in the brain and lead to Alzheimer's disease.</p>

<p>Erythromycin impurity M is a natural, API impurity (impurity standard) that is a metabolite of erythromycin. It has been synthesized as a high purity HPLC standard to meet the requirements of pharmacopoeia and drug development. Erythromycin impurity M is an analytical reference material with CAS number 528-73-2.</p>

<p>9-Oxo azithromycin B is a metabolite of azithromycin. It is an analytical standard for the HPLC analysis of azithromycin and its metabolites. 9-Oxo azithromycin B has been shown to bind to the ribosomes of bacteria, and inhibit protein synthesis. This drug also has antibiotic activity against Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 9-Oxo azithromycin B can be used in niche research or as an API impurity.br&gt;<br>br&gt;<br>br&gt;</p>

<p>This product is a metabolite of the drug product and impurity standard. It has been synthesized as a custom synthesis to meet the needs of research and development, pharmacopoeia, or natural products. This compound is an API impurity that has been characterized by HPLC. The purity of this product is high, with a minimum purity of 98%.</p>

<p>Erythromycin impurity N is a natural metabolite of erythromycin. It is a metabolite of erythromycin that has been identified in the metabolism studies of this drug product. Erythromycin impurity N is an analytical standard for use in pharmaceutical research and development, as well as in the pharmacopoeia. The CAS number for this compound is 527-56-8.</p>

<p>Aztreonam impurity D is a metabolite of aztreonam. Aztreonam impurity D is an impurity standard for the pharmacopoeia and API industry, as well as for drug development and research. It has been shown that this compound inhibits bacterial growth by binding to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thereby preventing transcription and replication. The high frequency of human activity has been shown using a patch-clamp technique on human erythrocytes. This active form is metabolized through a number of metabolic transformations, including hydrolysis by esterases or glucuronidases, oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes, reduction by glutathione reductase, or conjugation with glucuronic acid. Aztreonam impurity D also specifically binds to markers expressed at high levels in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains (e.g., ESX-1 secretion system protein) and inhibits cell growth in culture.</p>

<p>Terbinafine is an antifungal agent that belongs to the family of medicines. It is used to treat fungal infections of the skin, nails and scalp. Terbinafine can also be used to treat other types of fungal infections, such as tinea corporis (ringworm), tinea cruris (jock itch), tinea pedis (athlete's foot) and tinea capitis (scalp ringworm). Terbinafine dimer impurity dihydrochloride is a by-product of terbinafine hydrochloride that has been shown to have industrial applications as a dispersant or lubricant in industries such as papermaking.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Minocycline EP Impurity H including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Clarithromycin EP Impurity K is an impurity standard for Clarithromycin in the form of a crystalline white powder. It is a synthetic compound which has been used as a drug product and as an analytical standard. This compound can be synthesized from erythromycin A, but it is not active against bacteria. Clarithromycin EP Impurity K has been shown to have metabolite properties in animals and humans, including metabolism studies with HPLC standards.</p>

<p>Cefadroxil is a cephalosporin antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections. Cefadroxil is metabolized into cefadroxil dimer, an impurity found in the drug product. The impurity standard for cefadroxil dimer was developed by HPLC and has been tested for use as a reference material and can be used in metabolism studies. This impurity standard has been shown to have a purity of 98%.</p>

<p>3-(3-Fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxazolidin-2-one is a synthetic compound with research and development, impurity standard, custom synthesis, drug product, synthetic, high purity and pharmacopoeia applications. It is an impurity standard for the production of 3-[3-fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxazolidin-2-one hydrochloride (CAS No. 513068-96-7). This compound has been synthesized in order to study the metabolism of this metabolite. Metabolism studies have indicated that 3-(3-fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxazolidin-2 one is rapidly metabolized to form 3-[3-[(1S)-1,2,2</p>

<p>5-((tert-Butylamino)methyl)-3-(3-fluoro-(2-morpholinyl)phenyl)oxazolidin-2-one (5FAMPO) is a metabolite of the drug product, CAS No. 109467-92-6, and has been synthesized for use as an analytical reference standard and impurity standard in drug development studies. 5FAMPO is a synthetic molecule that has not been found in nature, but is structurally similar to natural molecules. 5FAMPO is metabolized by CYP450 enzymes to produce 2-(tert-butylamino)-4'-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HPA), which can be quantified by HPLC analysis. 5FAMPO is also used as a research and development compound and pharmacopoeia impurity standard.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Amikacin EP impurity G including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Tacrolimus Impurity 6 is a product that is custom-synthesized by our company. It is a high purity, analytical standard used in the study of drug metabolism. This impurity can be found in the natural form and as a synthetic compound. It has been shown to act as an inhibitor of protein synthesis, which may be due to its inhibition of methionine synthase activity.</p>

<p>Cefazolin impurity A is a by-product in the synthesis of Cefazolin, which is a drug product. It has CAS No. 30246-33-4 and is used as an impurity standard for analytical purposes. The Impurity Standard is also known as Metabolite A. Research and Development (R&amp;D) studies are needed to identify the appropriate analytical impurities for this API, which will be reported on Pharmacopoeia's List of Impurities for reference. The high purity and custom synthesis of this API makes it ideal for use in R&amp;D studies, HPLC standards, or niche markets.<br>CAS No.: 30246-33-4<br>Synonyms: Metabolite A<br>Formula: C11H14N2O5S <br>Molecular weight: 289.24 g/mol <br>Appearance: white solid powder</p>

<p>(S)-5-((tert-Butylamino)methyl)-3-(3-fluoro-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)oxazolidin-2-one is a drug product with CAS No. 1215006-08-8, which is a metabolite of Fluoxetine. It is an impurity standard for Fluoxetine and has been used as a reference compound in metabolism studies. (S)-5-((tert-Butylamino)methyl)-3-(3-fluoro-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)oxazolidin-2-one is also an analytical reagent that can be used to calibrate HPLC systems.</p>

<p>Desethylene ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is a metabolite of ciprofloxacin that is converted to the active form of the drug. Desethylene ciprofloxacin hydrochloride has a concentration-response relationship, which can be used for in vitro testing of pharmaceutical preparations. The chromatographic evaluation of this metabolite can be used to identify the presence of antibiotics in environmental samples. Desethylene ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is also a substrate for carbonyl reductase and piperazine, which are enzymes that produce an activated form of the metabolite.</p>

<p>N-(((5R)-3-(3-Fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl)methyl)acetamide (LFMAPO) is an antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the active site of bacterial DNA gyrase. LFMAPO has a molecular weight of 552.2 Da and a log P value of 2.6. It was synthesized from acetamide, 3-fluoroaniline, and 4-(4-morpholinyl)benzaldehyde in 60% yield using techniques such as millimolar stoichiometry, electrophoresis method, binding constants, and molecular modeling study. The drug also has chiral properties with two stereocenters at carbons C1 and C5 that have been shown to be important for the activity of this compound against Gram positive bacteria.</p>

<p>Applications 4-[4-(4-Nitrophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]phenol is a key intermediate in the synthesis of triazole medicines, such as itraconazole (I937500), which are used in curing deep department fungal infections. Inhibitor of endothelial cell proliferation.<br>References Ke, C. et al.: Adv. Nat. Sci., 2, 26 (2009); Shi, W. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 54, 7363 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Cyclopropyl-8-ethoxy-6,7-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester is used in the preparation of alkoxyquinolone antibacterial agents. Also an impurity in the synthesis of Moxifloxacin (M745000), a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.<br>References Sanchez, J. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 4478 (1995); Woodcock, J.M., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 41, 101 (1997), Stass, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 2060 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications FR 179642 is an impurity of Micafungin (M342350), a lipopeptide compound that acts as an antifungal agent with activity against Aspergillus and Candida species.<br>References Denning, D., et al.: J. Infection, 53, 337 (2006); Queiroz-Telles, F., et al.: Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J., 27, 820 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Desacetyl-N,O-descarbonyl Linezolid is an impurity of Linezolid (L466500); an oxazolidinone antimicrobial that inhibits bacterial mRNA translation.<br>References Brickner, S.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 673 (1996); Ford, C.W., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 40, 1508 (1996); Rybak, M.J., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 18, 456 (1998); Stevens, D.L., et al.: Clin. Infect. Dis., 34, 1481 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications 8-Epitacrolimus is a new l-pipecolic acid macrolide lactone, an important immunosuppressive drug that blocks T cell proliferation in vitro by inhibiting the generation of several lymphokines, especially IL-2. 8-Epitacrolimus is also an Epimer of Tacrolimus (F370000).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Skytte, D.M., et al.: J. Nat. Prod.,73, 776 (2010); Rokaw, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 271, C194 (1996); Knoll, G.A., and Bell, R.C.: Brit. Med. J., 318, 1104 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Amoxicillin trimer Trisodium Salt, is an impurity of Amoxicillin (A634235), a β-lactam family antibiotic that is commonly used in conjunction with clavulanic acid (C56370) to the treat bacterial infections.<br>References Gurwith, M., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Ch., 24, 716 (1983); Kumar, A., et al.: J. Mater. Chem., 20, 10152 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Chloramphenicol stearate is an antibiotic useful for the therapy of numbers of bacterial infections. This includes an eye ointment to treat conjunctivitis.</p>

<p>Caspofungin impurity A is an impurity found in caspofungin, a drug used to treat fungal infections. Caspofungin impurity A has been shown to inhibit bacterial growth and is thought to be responsible for the bactericidal activity of caspofungin.</p>

<p>Chloramphenicol palmitate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic effective against various bacteria and used for bacterial selection in gene studies.</p>

<p>Ceftezole: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, anti-diabetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic for gram-positive/negative bacteria.</p>

<p>L-(+)-Ampicillin is an isomer of Ampicillin. Ampicillin is a β-lactam antibiotic used for treating bacterial infections.</p>

<p>Impurity Posaconazole Impurity;<br>Applications 2,5-Anhydro-1,3,4-trideoxy-2-C-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-D-threo-pentitol is building block to synthesize key intermediates towards synthesis of highly active azole antifungals Sch 51048, Sch 56592 and Sch 45012. It is also an impurity/intermediate for posaconazole (P689600).<br>References Saksena, A., et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 5657 (1996); Lovey, R., et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 35, 6047 (1994); Saksena, A., et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 36, 1787 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Kanamycin (K137500) derivative as synthetic byproduct of Amikacin (A578500).<br>References Kawaguchi, H., et al.: J. Antibiotics, 25, 695 (1972), Naito, T., et al.: J. Antibiotics, 26, 297 (1973),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ciprofloxacin Impurity E<br>Applications Ciprofloxacin impurity. Ciprofloxacin Impurity E<br>References Borner, K, et al.: J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem., 24, 325 (1986), Lacroix, P., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 14, 641 (1996), Barron, D., et al.: Anal. Chim. Acta, 415, 83 (2000,<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Clindamycin (C580000) impurity in bulk drug.<br>References Zhou, H., et al.: J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal., 41, 1116 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the production of labelled Posaconazole.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Ethyl (Z)-[2-amino-4-thiazolyl](methoxyimino)acetate is used in the preparation of ceftriaxone-d3 (C245002), which is a labelled antibacterial.<br>References Reiner, R., et al.: J. Antibiot., 33, 783 (1980)<br></p>

<p>Applications Linezolid Dimer is an impurity of the antibacterial agent Linezolid (L466500).<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl Cefixime is the N-acetylated analogue and impurity of the third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, Cefixime (C242800).<br></p>

<p>Stability Very unstable<br>Applications Cefixime Impurity is an impurity of Cefixime (C242800); an orally active third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.<br>References Kamimura, T., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 25, 98 (1984); Yamanaka, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 38, 1738 (1985); Guay, D.R.P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 30, 485 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications E-Ceftazidime is an impurity of Ceftazidime Pentahydrate (C244100); which is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.<br>References Brodie, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 17, 876 (1980); Richards, D.M., et al.: Drugs, 29, 105 (1985); Abounassif, M.A., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 19, 95 (1990)<br></p>