Carbohydrates and glycoconjugates

<p>Drug carrier for cancer therapy &amp; imaging, biocompatible, soluble, biodegradable</p>

<p>D-Celloheptaose is a modified glycosylated oligosaccharide. It is synthesized by the methylation of D-cellotriose with 3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane and the subsequent reaction with bromoethanol. The product is purified by fractional crystallization from methanol to give a white crystalline solid. This product has CAS No. 52646-27-2 and is soluble in methanol, ethanol, water, acetone and chloroform.</p>

<p>Benzyl 6-O-acetyl-3-O-benzyl-4-O-[2,4-di-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-(3,4,6,-triacetyl)-2deoxyglucopyranoside)-2phthalimido]-bDgluco pyranoside (BBAG) is a complex carbohydrate that is synthesized from benzyl 6 O acetate and 3 O benzyl 4 O (2 2 4 di O acetyl 3 O ( 3 0 benzyl 2 4 6 tri O acetyl 2 deoxyglucopyranoside)-2phthalimido b D glucopyranose). It has a CAS number of 10560138. BBAG is a glycosidic compound that can be modified at methyl or sugar positions. It has a high purity</p>

<p>β-(1→2)-Oligomannoside constituents of the Candida albicans cell wall have been shown to possess immunostimulatory properties, as evidenced by induction of cytokine production, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production, in humans and mice. In particular, oligosaccharide fractions, isolated and fractionated from the C. albicans cell wall, have been shown to induce TNF production in mouse macrophages. Therefore, biological studies employing well-defined synthetic β-(1→2)-linked oligomannoside compounds are of interest for verifying and studying in detail the proposed immunostimulatory properties of such constructs.</p>

<p>N-Acetyl-D-lactosamine (LacNAc) is a natural structural element in a variety of glycoconjugates, found in milk, urine, meconium and glyciproteins. It’s a substrate for galactosidases, fucosyltransferases, and sialyltransferases. This LacNAc is also useful as a lectin inhibitory sugar and for characterizing lectins.</p>

<p>Intermediate for synthesis of N-acetyllactosaminic glycans</p>

<p>Heparin disaccharide III-A is a synthetic heparin that is modified with the addition of a sugar molecule. Heparin disaccharide III-A disodium salt (HDS) is a high purity, custom synthesized product and has been fluorinated to improve its stability. HDS has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of glycosylation in bacteria cells, leading to decreased production of bacterial enzymes and proteins. It also inhibits protein synthesis by preventing the methylation of ribosomes and reducing the number of saccharides available for glycosylation. The HDS molecule is composed of two sugars: N-acetylglucosamine and D-glucuronic acid. This compound also has anti-inflammatory properties due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>1-Kestose is a trisaccharide composed of fructose and sucrose molecules (Collins, 2006) and occurs in sugar cane, honey, and maple syrup, where it is formed by enzymatic action. As the main group of fructooligosaccharides, kestoses share similar physiological effects with other fructooligosaccharides. Kestoses have shown potential in promoting the growth of probiotics including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bifidobacterium to a higher degree than other fructooligosaccharides. Thus, the production of kestoses using food-grade microorganisms may be beneficial to their application in the food industry (Ni, 2021).</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-[2-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-3,6-di-O-(3,4,6,-tri -O acetyl 2 deoxy 2 phthalimido b D glucopyranosyl) b D mannopyranosyl] 3,6 di O benzyl 2 deoxy 2 phthalimido b D glucopyranoside (MPP) is a carbohydrate that belongs to the group of saccharides. It is an oligosaccharide sugar with a molecular weight of 1029.5 Da. This compound has been custom synthesized and is available in high purity. MPP is an ester of 4 methoxyphenol and 4 O-[2 O-(3,4,6 tri O acetyl 2 deoxy</p>

<p>1,3:1,4-B-Glucotriose (B) is a carbohydrate that is a monosaccharide. It is also an oligosaccharide that is classified as a complex carbohydrate. This compound can be synthesized with high purity and custom synthesis. 1,3:1,4-B-Glucotriose (B) can be modified with fluorination, methylation, glycosylation, and click modification. This product has CAS No. 157544-59-7.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranose is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar that is modified with fluorination, glycosylation, and methylation. It has the CAS number 60283-31-0 and can be used in the modification of oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. This carbohydrate can be found in complex carbohydrates.</p>

<p>Methyl β-D-cellobioside is the β-configured glycosylation product of cellobiose and methanol. It is a cellobiose mimetic without the reactive (reducing) properties of the cellobiose aldehyde/hemiacetal. As a highly water soluble, non-reducing mimetic of cellobiose (the repeating disaccharide of cellulose), methyl β-D-cellobioside has been applied as inhibitor of binding events involving cellulose-binding domains (CBD) in proteins, for instance as part of the eluent in the related affinity chromatography. It is also a substrate for various β-glucosidases and glycosyltransferases, and the scaffold is a useful starting material for the chemical synthesis of inhibitors of the latter types of enzymes.</p>

<p>A natural structural element in a variety of glycoconjugates. Substrate for galactosidases, fucosyltransferases, and sialyltransferases. Useful as a lectin inhibitory sugar and for characterizing lectins.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-acetamido-4-O-(2-acetamido-2,3-dideoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-2,6O-(a,L-fucopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic carbohydrate. It is a high purity and custom synthesis product with CAS No. 97242-84-7. This product has been fluorinated and methylated as well as glycosylated and click modified to increase its stability.</p>

<p>Produced by the reverse hydrolysis of a mannose substrate.  Isolated from the partial hydrolysates of bakers' yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mannan.  This disaccharide also forms the sugar portion of the phospholipid, phosphatidylinositodimannoside, of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.</p>

<p>Heparin derived dp26 saccharide ammonium salt (HDA) is a glycosylation product of heparin. It is a complex carbohydrate polymer with a molecular weight of over 10,000 Da and consists of repeating disaccharides. The first sugar in the repeating disaccharide is N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, which is then methylated on the 6 position. HDA has been modified by fluorination to give it improved stability and prolonged half life. This product has been custom synthesized for use in biotechnology research and has high purity.</p>

<p>4-O-(b-D-Galactopyranosyl)-b-D-thioglucopyranose is a custom synthesis carbohydrate. It is an oligosaccharide that consists of a monosaccharide with a b-D-galactopyranosyl group and a b-D-thioglucopyranose group. 4-O-(b-D-Galactopyranosyl)-b-D-thioglucopyranose is a polysaccharide and belongs to the class of carbohydrates, which are saccharides or sugars. Carbohydrates are important in cell walls and are modified by methylation, glycosylation, and click modification. Carbohydrates can be classified as simple or complex carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates contain one molecule with one type of sugar unit bonded together, while complex carbohydrates have more than one type of sugar unit bonded together.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-6-O-(a-2-N-acetylneuraminyl)-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranosyl serine is a monosaccharide sugar that is the terminal sugar at the nonreducing end of the glycosidic linkage in gangliosides. It has been shown to be a marker for colorectal adenocarcinoma and may be used as a prognostic marker. 2-Acetamido-6-O-(a-2-N-acetylneuraminyl)-2-deoxy--aDgalactopyranosyl serine, along with other gangliosides, has been found to be elevated in maternal blood and human serum during bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis. This molecule has also been shown to have structural similarities to antigens that are associated with infectious diseases such as malaria.</p>

<p>Lewis Y-O-(CH2)8-biotin is a carbohydrate with the chemical formula (CHO)(CO)3OH. It is a methylated and glycosylated oligosaccharide that has been custom synthesized for use in biotechnology applications. Lewis Y-O-(CH2)8-biotin has been fluorinated at the C5 position to improve its stability and prevent hydrolysis, which may be due to its high purity. This carbohydrate is not commercially available and must be custom synthesized.</p>

<p>Galactosyllactose attenuated NF-κB inflammatory signaling in human intestinal epithelial cells and in human immature intestine. Thus, galactosyllactoses are strong anti-inflammatory agents in human colostrum and early milk, contributing to innate immune modulation. The potential clinical utility of galactosyllactose warrants investigation.</p>