Flavonoids and Polyphenols

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol is an impurity in the synthesis of Chloroxylenol (C427950) an antiseptic and germicide. Chloroxylenol is used for mildew prevention. Chloroxylenol is also an antibacterial; antiseptic (topical and urinary).<br>References Heberer, T., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 131, 5 (2002), Nikolaou, A., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 387, 1225 (2007), Focazio, M., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 402, 201 (2008), Miege, C., et al.: Environ. Pollut., 157, 1721 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Exhibits specific inhibitory activity against tyrosine kinases,including autophosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor kinase (IC50 - 2.6uM). Also inhibits other protein kinases through competitive inhibition of ATP. Inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces tumor cell differentiation. Produces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in Jurat T-leukemia cells. However, it prevents anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody-induced thymic apoptosis. Genistein also inhibits topoisomerase II activity in vitro. Genistein has also been shown to inhibit the action of GABA on recombinant GABAA receptors2. uv(max)ethanol: 262.5 nm (e= 138). moderately sol. in hot alcohol<br>References Akiyama, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 262, 5592 (1987), O'Dell, T.J., et al.: Nature, 353, 588 (1991), Aharonovits, O., et al.: Biochim Biophys. Acta, 1112, 181 (1992), Platanias, L.C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 267, 24053 (1992), Yoshida, H., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1137, 321 (1992), Uckun, F.M., et al.: Science, 267, 886 (1995)Merck Index 12th ed. 43952. Huang, R.Q.; Fang, M.J.; Dillon, G.H., Mol. Brain Res. 67: 177-183 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Triclosan (3',5',6'-d3) O-β-D-Glucuronide Sodium Salt is an isotope labelled compound of Triclosan O-β-D-Glucuronide Sodium Salt (T774260), a metabolite of Triclosan (T774250).<br>References Moss, T. et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 38, 361 (2000); Wu, J. et al.: Sepu, 27, 724 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Urolithin D is used in biological studies to evaluate DNA gyrase inhibitory activity of ellagic acid derivatives.<br>References Weidner-Weels, M. A., et al: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8, 97 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications Silychristin is a new natural product has been isolated from silymarin, the hepatoprotective extract of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) fruits. Silychristin has been shown to be an antihepatotoxic flavonolignan.<br>References Smith, W.A., et al.: Planta. Med., 71, 877 (2005); Hong, L., et al.: Process. Biochem., 45, 799 (2010); Hitoshi, T., et al.: J. Chem. Soc., 11, 749 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of trans Resveratrol.<br>References Banerjee, S., et al.: Cancer Res., 62, 4945 (2002), Wang, L., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 93, 2448 (2004), Provinciali, M., et al.: Int. J. Cancer, 115, 36 (2005), Lancon, A., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 35, 699 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Triclosan O-Sulfate is a metabolite of the bacteriostat, Triclosan (T774250).<br>References Wu, J. et al.: Sepu, 27, 724 (2009);<br></p>

<p>5,7-Dihydroxycoumarin is a natural product isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the inflorescences of Macaranga triloba.</p>

<p>Riboflavin Tetrabutyrate is a lipophilic flavin derivative. Riboflavin Tetrabutyrate has antioxidative and lipid peroxide-removing activity.</p>

<p>(E)-Cinnamamide (trans-Cinnamamide) is the less active isomer of Cinnamamide which is an effective non-lethal chemical repellent suitable for reducing avian</p>

<p>Pyrogallol triacetate is used as an antiasthmatic.</p>

<p>RS-0406: A β-flake blocker, reverses Aβ toxicity, protects in vitro, and halts behavior decline in vivo.</p>

<p>Isosalipurposide, a chalcone compound, exerts a cytoprotective effect against oxidative injury via Nrf2 activation.</p>

<p>Leptospermone is an essential oil from Leptospermum scoparium (manuka oil).</p>

<p>Licodione is a Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Catalyzing 2-Hydroxylation of 5-Deoxyflavanone.</p>

<p>Ensaculin, a benzopyrone-piperazine compound, enhances memory, protects neurons, and may treat dementia.</p>

<p>Luteolin 7-sulfate from Phyllospadix iwatensis inhibits melanin production by disrupting CREB/MITF signaling.</p>

<p>Malvone A is a compound with antifungal properties found in Malva sylvestris, with an ED50 of 24 μg/mL against V. dahliae. It is applicable in research focused on anti-infective solutions.</p>

<p>Equisetin: a QSI from Fusarium equiseti, curbs P. aeruginosa virulence, fights Gram-positive bacteria &amp; HIV-1 integrase; not antibacterial to Gram-negative.</p>