Botanical Source

Isochlorogenic acid A possesses the potent anti-hepatitis B activity and anti-HBV activity, could be achieved by its antioxidative property and induction of HO-1.

Qingyangshengenin is a a glycoside from the roots of Cynanchum otophyllum.

Isocucurbitacin B has significantly activities against HeLa and HT-29 human cancer cells with IC50 values ranging from 0.93 to 9.73uM.

Schisanhenol has antioxidative effect on human LDL oxidation, may be through scavenging free radicals; it also has anti-apoptosis effect on BACSs, may be related to its inhibition of ROS generation. Schisanhenol can protect against adriamycin induced heart mitochondrial toxicity.

Platycodon D (PD) and D3 (PD3) isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum has been previously reported to show anti-inflammatory activities in rats, PD may stimulate TNF-α synthesis or inhibit degradation of TNF-α mRNA, suggest a dichotomous regulation of these important proinflammatory mediators by PD and PD3.

Calycosin, a major isoflavonoid isolated from Radix Astragal, induces angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cell cultures (HUVEC) in vitro and zebrafish embryos in vivo via the up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 mRNA expression;it acts similar to other selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) to promote angiogenesis via activation of MAPK with the involvement of ERK1/2 and ER. , such as raloxifene and tamoxifen, by displaying selective potency and affinity to estrogen receptors ERa and ERb.