Toxicología

<p>Applications Synthetic thrombin inhibitor. Antithrombotic.<br>References Abiko, Y., et al.: Thromb. Res., 24, 285 (1981), Kikumoto, R., et al.: Biochemistry, 23, 85 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Hecogenin Acetate, is a derivative of Hecogenin (H129945), which is a sapogenin present in the leaves of species from the Agave genus, possessing wide spectrum of pharmacology activities, such as having antinociceptive properties.<br>References Gama, K. B., et al.: J. Natural Prod., 76, 559 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Metsulfuron is a powerful herbicide used in the control of pests and protection of crops and produce.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Anderson, J. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 37, 1429 (1989); Ivany, J. et al.: Can. J. Plant Sci., 67, 1083 (1987);<br></p>

<p>Applications Endothion is an insecticide. A hazardous material.<br>References Faris, F., et al.: Agric. Res. Rev., 48, 71 (1970), Anon.: Dangerous Prop. of Ind. Mater. Rep., 13, 527 (1993), Mortensen, S. R., et al.: Toxicology of Organophosphate and Carbamate Compounds, 673 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications PSI 7411 is used in biological studies as nucleotide analog polymerase inhibitor for hepatitis C virus QS-9851.<br>References Denning, J., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 57, 1201 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-(3-Chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea has been to study, the quantitative structure-activity relations of substituted phenylureas on the Hill inhibitory activity; Simple and rapid screening method for photosystem II inhibitory herbicides using photoautotrophically cultured plant cells with chlorophyll fluorescence monitoring.<br>References Takemoto I., et al., Nippon Noyaku Gakkaishi, 9, 517-21 (1984); Yoneyama K., et al., Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 57, 1389-90 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxy Darunavir is a metabolite of Darunavir (D193500), a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus protease and used in the treatment of HIV infection. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Vermeir, M., et al.: Drug. Meta. Disp., 37, 809 (2009); Koh, Y., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 47, 3123 (2003), Arasteh, K., et al.: AIDS, 19, 943 (2005), Surleraux, D.L.N.G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 1813 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Amoxicillin-d4 is a labeled isomer of Amoxicillin (A634235), a semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin. Antibacterial.<br>References Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 169 (1979), Bird, A.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 1 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications Carbophenothion is an organophosphorus pesticide used for fruits and vegetables.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Scott, G., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 4400 (2002), Mezcua, M., et al.: Food Chem., 112, 221 (2009), Mezcua, M., et al.: Anal. Chem., 81, 913 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications 8-Chloro-6-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine-3-carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester is an imidazodiaepine derivative and an impurity of Midazolam (M343000), an anesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative and hypotic agent.<br></p>

<p>Applications Isopentyl Carnitine Inner Salt is used in the formation of lipids and barriers as well as being a derivative of L-carnitine, used in the diagnosis of metabolic diseases<br>References Paul, H. et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2000), WO 2000004870 A2 20000203; Yang, S. et l.: J. Chrom. B., Anal. Tech. Biomed. Life Sci., 857, 251 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methoprene, is a juvenile hormone (JH) analog which can be used as an insecticide that acts as a growth regulator. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698235).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Xiao-li, M., et al.: Nongyao, 52, 380 (2013); Anon.IP.com Journal, 12, 9 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dabigatran Etexilate Propanoate is an impurity of Dabigatran Etexilate (D100140). Dabigatran Etexilate is a nonpeptide, direct thrombin inhibitor. Antithrombotic.<br>References Mangiafico, R. et al.: Curr. Med. Chem., 19, 4688 (2012); Hu, Z. et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 405, 1695 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Metamizole Magnesium Salt is an analgetic, non-opioid drug used in human and veterinary medicinal treatments.<br>References Jasiecka, A. et al.: Polish J. Vet. Sci., 17, 207 (2014); Rogosch, T. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20, 101 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Abacavir EP Impurity C; Abacavir USP Related Compound A<br>Applications Descyclopropyl Abacavir (Abacavir EP Impurity C; Abacavir Related Compound A) is an intermediate of Abacavir (A105000). Abacavir is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.<br>References (1) Jackson, A., et al.: Antivir Ther. 17, 19 (2012) (2) Yuen, G. J., et al.: Clin Pharmacokinet. 47, 351 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Carnitine-15N is an isotopically labelled analog of L-Carnitine (C184110), which is an essential cofactor of fatty acid metabolism; required for the transport of fatty acids through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Synthetized primarily in the liver and kidney; highest concentrations found in heart and skeletal muscle.<br>References Mitchell, M.E., et al.: Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 31, 293 (1978); Lango, R., et al.: Cardiovasc. Res., 51, 21 (2001);Vaz, F.M., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 361, 417 (2002);Karlic, H., et al.: Nutr. J., 20, 709 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Forchlorfenuron-d5 is the labeled analogue of Forchlorfenuron (F691050), a diphenylurea-derivative cytokinin. Forchlorfenuronis is used as a plant growth regulator (PGR). Forchlorfenuronis is commonly used in horticulture to stimulate the growth of kiwi fruit and grapes.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Iwahori, S. et al.: Sci. Horticult., 35, 109 (1988); Peppi, M.C. et al.: Horscience, 43, 173 (2008); Woolley, D. et al.: Acta Horticult., 727, 291 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled metabolite of Flurbiprofen (F598700).<br>References Van Breemen, R., et al.: Drug Metab. Disposition, 14, 197 (1986), Spraul, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 11, 1009 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Caffeine-D10 is the labeled compound of Caffeine(C080100). Caffeine (Pentoxifylline EP Impurity F) is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a stimulant drug and a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (1,2,3). Caffeine is found in varying quantities in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding on the plants. In humans, caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant, temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. Caffeine is a cardiac and respiratory stimulant; diuretic. Caffeine is toxic at sufficiently high doses. Caffeine is a non-competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (3).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zubair, U.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 71 (1986); Cherrah, Y., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 1311 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cholinesterase inhibitor. Use as systemic insecticide, acaricide, nematocide. Used in Pesticide detection.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dorough, W.H., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 16, 319 (1968),<br></p>

<p>Applications Deethylterbutryne-d9 is the deuterium labelled form of Deethylterbutryne (D228585), which is a pollutant and degradation product of herbicide Irgarol (I764100).<br>References Konstantinou, I., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 398 (2001); Thomas, K., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 293, 117 (2002); Hollender, J., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 7862 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Nervonoyl Taurine is a metabolite from an active fraction of Cajanus cajan seeds which could be an antioxidant.<br>References Tekale, S., et al.: Food Chem., 211, 763-769 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications The R-enantiomer of Penbutolol (P220500).<br>References Armstrong, D., et al.: Anal. Chem., 66, 1473 (1994), Kato, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 30, 1845 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone derivative. Controlled substance.<br></p>

<p>Applications Fluoxetine (F597100) derivative. A stereoselective inhibitorof serotonin re-uptake and phosphodiesterase. Potential antidepressants<br>References Cashman, J. et al.: Bioorgan Med. Chem. 17, 337 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Methyl Esomeprazole-d3 is the isotope labelled analog of N-Methyl Esomeprazole (M304640); an impurity of Omeprazole (O635000) which a compound that binds covalently to proton pumps and inhibits gastric secretion. Also used as an antiulcerative.<br>References Muller, P., et al.: Arzneimittel-Forsch., 33, 1685 (1983); Wallmark, B., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 778, 549 (1984); Morii, M., et al.: J. Biol. chem., 268, 21553 (1993); Ritter, M., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 124, 627 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Quinalphos is an organothiophosphate pesticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lehotay, S., et al.: J. AOAC Int., 88, 595 (2005); Paya, P., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 389, 197 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Methoxychlor-d6 (dimethoxy-d6) (CAS# 106031-79-2) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,3,5-Trimethylphenol is a reagent used in the synthesis of antibiotics. Also used in the preparation of vitamin E synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Velema, W. et al.: Nat. Chem., 5, 924 (2013); Carril, M. et al.: J. Catal., 283, 55 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2'-O-Methyl-d3 Paclitaxel is a labeled analogue of 2'-O-Methyl Paclitaxel (M326135), a potential cytotoxic agent.<br>References Kant, J., et. al.: Bioorg. med. Chem. Lett., 3, 2471 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications O6-Methyl-7,8-dihydro-6-isomorphine is an impurity of Hydromorphone(H714650), an analgesic(narcotic).<br>References Buchwald, M.E., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 71, 197 (1941), Zernig, G., et al.: Life Sci., 57, 2113 (1995), Keith, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 271, 19021 (1996), Pawar, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 563, 92 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Phenamacril is a fungicide.<br>References Tang, L., et al.: Synthesis, 46, 1621-1629 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Amino-N-isopropylbenzamide is a metabolite formed from Bentazon (B120580), a post-emergence, acidic herbicide used for selective control of broadleaf weeds and sedges in beans, rice, corn, peanuts and mint.<br>References Pinto, G. &amp; Jardim, I.: J. Chromatogr. A, 846, 369 (1999); Salman, J. &amp; Hameed, B.: J. Hazard Mater., 175, 133 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications Etilozam is a a thienodiazepine benzodiazepine derivative, and has amnesic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. Etizolam is an anxiolytic related to that of the classic benzodiazepines. Etizolam has effect on monoamine metabolism in brain. Etilozam can be used for the short-term treatment of insomnia, anxiety or panic attacks.<br>References Fukuda, T., et al.: Jpn. J. Pharmacol., 33, 885 (1983), Lydiard, R., et al.: Clin. Ther., 22, A3 (2000), Sanna, E., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 519, 31 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Antiviral agent. Used for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).<br>References Weber, G., et al.: Cancer Res., 43, 3466 (1983), Broet, P., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 19, 2778 (2001), Galmarini, C., et al.: Leukemia, 15, 875 (2001), Barth, R., et al.: Cancer Res., 64, 6287 (2004), Song, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 12, 489 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications A tryptamine derivative; shows α-adrenolytic activities.<br>References Ishida, Yukio., et al.: Chem. Pharma. Bull., 25, 1851 (1977),<br></p>

<p>Applications Erlotinib is a EGFR-targeted drug in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. EGFR small tyrosine kinase inhibitor that shows most substantial effect on tumor growth inhibition and animal survival.<br>References Zhu, B., et al.: Xiandai Zhenduan Yu Zhiliao, 25, 4679 (2014); Yao, T., et al.: Ther. Targets Neurol. Dis., 2, 585 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Iprodione. Fungicide.<br>References Lacroix, L., et al.: Phytiatr.-Phytopharm., 23, 165 (1974), Brenneman, T.B., et al.: Plant Dis., 71, 546 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Applications Raja 42-d10 is labeled Raja 42 (R080000) an isatin-benzothiazole analog being studied for anti-breast cancer activity.<br>References Solomon, V.R., et al.: Bio. Med. Chem., 17, 7585-7592 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications (αS)​-​rel-α-​(4-​Chlorophenyl)​-​α-​[(1R)​-​1-​cyclopropylethyl]​-​1H-​1,​2,​4-​triazole-​1-​ethanol is a diastereomer of Cyproconazole (C989070), a fungicide treatment for wood preservative that prevents decay from fungi in above-ground applications.<br>References Aiello, D., et al.: Plant. Disease., 97, 37 (2013); Bakirci, G.T., et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 1901 (2012); Sugitate, K., et al.: J. Pesticides. Sci., 37, 148 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Methylphenidate.<br>References Modi, N., et al.: J. Clin. Pharm., 40, 1141 (2000), Zhang, J., et al.: Pharm. Res., 20, 1881 (2003), Balcioglu, A., et al.: Neuropharmacol., 57, 687 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Entecavir EP Impurity D<br>Applications 4’-epi-Entecavir is an epimeric impurity of the antiviral drug Entecavir (E558900).<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Isotope Labelled analogue of Racemic Methotrexate (M260680), a folic acid antagonist. Used as a antineoplastic and antirheumatic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Abraham, A., et al.: Cellular. Pharmacol., 3, 29 (1996); Freeman, M.V., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 122, 154 (1958), Weinblass, M.E., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 818 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Ranolazine (R122500).<br></p>

<p>Applications Hexanoyl-d11 Glycine is labelled Hexanoyl Glycine (H281200) which is an acylaminoacid derivative as antipsychotic drug.<br>References Willard, H., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 65, 690 (1980), Huang, S., et al.: J. Pharm. Exp. Therap., 298, 264 (2001), Reihl, P., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 39809 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected, labelled Ambrisentan.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Chloro-3-fluoro-2-propanol is a component of Gliftor (G410000) which is a rodenticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Menon, K., et al.: J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 15, 47 (2001); Xie, W., et al.: J. Hygiene Res. 31, 316 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Stability Unstable in Solution<br>Applications Cefathiamidine is an antibacterial agent that exhibits a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity against gram-positive bacteria.<br>References Chen, H.Y., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 12, 19 (1983); Philpott-Howard, J., et al.: Scand. J. Infect. Dis. Suppl., 39, 109 (1983); Chen, H.Y., et al.: J. Med. Microbiol., 23, 141 (1987);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,5-Bis(Trifluoromethyl)Nitrobenzene (cas# 320-88-7) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope Labelled Asenapine N-β-D-Glucuronide (A788005). Asenapine N-β-D-Glucuronide is a metabolite of Asenapine (A788000).<br></p>