Oligosaccharides

<p>The major gel forming component in agar, agarose, consists of a linear chain of sequences of 1,3 linked β-D-galactopyranosyl units and 1,4 linkages to 3,6-anhydro-α-L-galactopyranosyl units. Gelation is done via the formation of double helices (Arnott, 1974). Agar's properties are similar to gelatin as it is primarily used as a plating gel for microbial cultures (Lahaye, 1991). However, agar is a good substitute for animal-based gelatin in vegetarian foods and is easy to use in food gels in a similar way to the carrageenans. Common food applications of agar include: puddings, custards, and soft candies. Agar improves the texture of processed cheese and frozen desserts, and is also added to baked goods to inhibit staling. A creative food application uses agar-based gel cubes that are infused with fruit extract or wine to make a vegetable-based aspic (Armisén, 2009).<br>Agar contains two polysaccharides Agarobiose and Agaropectin. Both Gelidium latifolium and Gelidium amansii are sources of both Agar and Agarose. The images were kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.<br>Agaropectin<br>Agaropectin is a sulphated non-gelling galactan comprising about 30% of Agar. Half ester sulphate is present in varying amounts plus D-glucuronic acid and small amounts of pyruvic acid. As with Agarose the main chain has alternating residues of D-galactose and L-galactose heavily modified with acidic side-groups which are usually sulfate, glucuronate, and pyruvate. Pyruvic acid is possibly attached in an acetal form to the D-galactose residues of the agarobiose skeleton. No formal structure of Agaropectin appears to have been published.<br>Agarose<br>Agarose is a linear gelling polysaccharide of (1-3) linked β-D-galactopyranose residues linked to 3,6-anhydro-α-L-galactopyranose via 1-4 bonds. Agar contains about 60% Agarose.</p>

<p>Glycyl-lacto-N-neotetraose is a complex carbohydrate that is custom synthesized and has high purity. It is an Oligosaccharide, Carbohydrate, and Polysaccharide that can be modified with methylation and glycosylation. This product can be used in the synthesis of other monosaccharides or saccharides to form complex carbohydrates. Glycyl-lacto-N-neotetraose is also fluorinated on one of its hydroxyl groups to produce an active water soluble compound for use in research.</p>

<p>Sambubiose is a flavonol glycoside that is found in the lacrimal gland of rabbits. It has been used as a dietary supplement and is said to be synthesized by hydrolysis of the starch-bound glucose disaccharides, maltose and maltotriose. Sambubiose is not readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract, which may be due to its low solubility in water and acidic pH. It is also poorly absorbed because it contains a glycosidic bond and a non-reducing terminal sugar group. Sambubiose can be detected by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 1.5 ppm for the methylene protons from the OH group of the glycosidic bond. The chemical shift at 2.7 ppm corresponds to the methylene protons from the hydroxyl group on malonic acid (a component of sambubiose).</p>

<p>2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-Hepta-O-acetyl-b-maltosyl azide is a glycosylation agent that can be used in organic synthesis. It is a custom synthesis and can be modified to meet the customer's needs. This product has a CAS number of 33012-49-6 and has high purity with a saccharide content of &gt;99%.</p>

The 6-deoxy-6-fluorocyclomaltoheptaose is a low molecular weight compound that has been found to have anti-amylase activity. This substance is characterized by its chromatographic techniques, which can be used to identify the chemical structure of the molecule. The 6-deoxy-6-fluorocyclomaltoheptaose has been found to consist of an amylase inhibitor and an enzyme substrate. It exhibits specificity for the catalytic site of amylase, which is located in subsite 1, and it attacks this substrate at the 6-position of glucose. This substance is not as potent as other amylase inhibitors such as d-glucose, but it does show greater specificity for amylase than other substances with similar structures.

<p>N,N'-Diacetylchitobiosyl allosamizoline is an analog of the insect-inhibiting allosamidin. It has been shown to have inhibitory activity against chitinases and it is a stereoselective inhibitor of chitin synthase. N,N'-Diacetylchitobiosyl allosamizoline is used as a substrate in coupling reactions to produce disaccharides that contain the chitobiose unit. This type of enzyme inhibition may be useful in combating insects that feed on plants or other organisms with exoskeletons made up of chitin.</p>

<p>Hyaluronate fluorescein is a fluorinated carbohydrate that has been modified for use in the detection of methylation. It contains an oligosaccharide and polysaccharide that are attached to a 20kDa fluorinated saccharide. This product is available in high purity and is custom synthesized for your specific needs.</p>

<p>Tool for studying carbohydrate metabolism</p>

Tumor associated antigen and target for the development of anti-cancer vaccines.

Ethyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-thioglucopyranoside is a synthetic carbohydrate with a glycosylation and methylation modification. This compound is an oligosaccharide sugar that contains a complex carbohydrate backbone. It has CAS No. 434762 and was custom synthesized for high purity. The molecular weight of this compound is 605.14 g/mol and the purity is >99%.

T-antigen-HSA is a synthetic, high-purity, custom synthesis glycoprotein with click modification. It is a complex carbohydrate that contains an oligosaccharide and a saccharide, which are attached to the protein backbone through an amide linkage. T-antigen-HSA is synthesized using recombinant DNA technology and can be modified by fluorination, methylation, or other modifications. This product has CAS No.

Hexa-O-acetylmaltal is a non-reducing sugar that belongs to the class of anhydrous, monohydrate configurations. It is a synthetic substrate that is used in the synthesis of pyridine analogues. Hexa-O-acetylmaltal can be crystallized in chloroform and activated with heat or acid. The anomeric configuration has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis and its configuration was shown to be anomeric by chemical degradation. Hexa-O-acetylmaltal can also form heptaacetate, which is a disaccharide.

<p>Globo-H is a high purity, custom-synthesized hexasaccharide with a spacer arm and biotin at the non-reducing end. Globo-H is synthesized by reacting glycosylation reagents with an oligosaccharide on a solid support. The reaction generates an activated glycosylant, which is then reacted with the spacer arm and biotin to form the desired product. Globo-H has been modified for use in click chemistry reactions.</p>

<p>Blood group B antigen trisaccharide conjugated to Biotin</p>

<p>GQ1b ganglioside (ammonium salt) has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with two sialic acids (NeuAc) linked α2,3/α2,8 to the inner galactose residue, two sialic acids (NeuAc) linked α2,3/α2,8 to the terminal galactose residue, and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). Anti-GQ1b ganglioside antibody is associated with Miller Fisher syndrome and is also found in patients with related conditions that may share the same pathogenic mechanism, such as, Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis. Thus, the measurement of anti-GQ1b antibody in suspected cases of Miller Fisher syndrome is a useful diagnostic marker (Paparounas, 2004). It has been found that GQ1b ganglioside contributes to synaptic transmissions and synapse formation. Low concentrations of GQ1b ganglioside, evoked dopamine (DA) release from laboratory tissues (Chen, 2018).</p>

<p>a1,6-Mannobiose-BSA is a fluorinated monosaccharide that has been synthesized from mannose. It is a synthetic oligosaccharide that is used in glycosylation and polysaccharide modification. The compound has been modified with methyl groups and has undergone click chemistry to produce a reactive site on the sugar ring. This product has been synthesized using high purity reagents and has CAS No. 73978-99-2.</p>

2,3,4-Tri-O-acetyl-6-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose is a synthetic sugar. It is a monosaccharide that is synthesized from 2,3,4,6 tetraacetyl b D glucopyranosyl b D glucose and triethylene glycol. This compound can be used in the synthesis of polysaccharides or complex carbohydrates.

<p>Methyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-4,6-O-benzylidene-2deoxyb-Dglucopyranoside is a sugar that is used in the preparation of various drugs. It has a pyranose ring and a pyranose form. The IR spectrum displays three distinct peaks at 1730 cm−1, 1590 cm−1 and 1410 cm−1. The axial orientation of the carbon atoms can be determined by looking at the absorption spectra. There are six carbons in the molecule with two axial orientations. The methyl group has an axial orientation and the acetamido group has an equatorial orientation. This compound is not soluble in water but dissolves well in methanol or ethanol. Methyl 2-acetamido 3 O</p>

3,2'-Di-O-acetyl-3',4'-O-carbonyl-6,6'-di-O-tert-butyldiphenylsilyl lactal is a custom synthesis of a fluorinated carbohydrate. It is a modification of an oligosaccharide and can be used in the synthesis of saccharides and polysaccharides. The CAS number for this compound is 163228-35-1. This compound has been modified with click chemistry to add methyl groups to the hydroxyl group on the sugar ring. This compound has been used as a monosaccharide or as a part of complex carbohydrates.

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-1-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-benzoyl-a-L-fucopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranoside is a glycosylated polysaccharide that has been modified by methylation and fluorination. It is synthesized from the monosaccharide D galactopyranose with a 2,3,4,6 tetra O acetyl group at the 1 position.</p>