Toxicologie

<p>Applications Pigment Violet 23 is an organic pigment found in various colourings such as tattoo inks, visual art and archeological objects. Pigment Violet 23 is also used in the preparation of nano silica-filled color resists.<br>References Persechino, S.; et al.: Spectrochim. Acta, Part A, 206, 547 (2019); Domenech-Carbo, M. T.; et al.: ChemTexts, 2, 1 (2016); Lee, C.; et al.: Adv. Polym. Tech., 31, 163 (2012).<br></p>

<p>Applications Allethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid derivative used as an insecticide. Allethrin is commonly used in many household insecticide products due to its low toxicity towards humans. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component in pesticide mixes (P698230).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dua, V.K. et al.: Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 75, 747 (2005); Jiang, M. et al.: Nanj. Nong. Dax. Xue., 18, 110 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Stability Unstable in Solution<br>Applications Dabigatran Acyl-β-D-Glucuronide Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt is a major metabolite of Dabigatran (D100090) in humans. Four isomeric acylglucuronides of Dabigatran were isolated and purified from urine of dosed rhesus monkeys.  NMR analysis confirmed the structures of the four metabolites as the 1-O-acylglucuronide (β anomer) and the 2-O-, 3-O-, and 4-O-acylglucuronides (α and β anomers).<br>References Becker, B., et al.: Biochem. J., 314, 249 (1996), Bailey, M., et al.: Chem. Biol. Interact., 145, 117 (2004), Blech, S., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 2008, 36, 386 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Caffeic acid.<br>References Zhu, B., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 292 (1994), Azuma, K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 5496 (2000), Stark, T., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 5530 (2006), Hensel, A., et al.: Planta Med., 73, 142 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fluticasone Propionate-d5 is the labeled analogue of Fluticasone Propionate (F599500), a derivative of Flumethasone. An antiallergic; anti-asthmatic; anti-inflammatory.<br>References Meltzer, E.O., et al.: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 86, 221 (1990); Mitchison, H.C., et al.: Gut, 32, 260 (1991); Phillipps, G.H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 3717 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications Fenobuccarb is a carbamate insecticide used as an agricultural insecticide on rice and cotton.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Strempel, S., et al.: Envrion. Toxicol. Chem., 32, 1187 (2013); Xu, X.M., et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 161 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone (T155000) derivative. Intermediate in the preparation of Epostane (E588850).<br></p>

<p>Applications Acid Red 114 is an azo dye used in diagnostics and textiles industry. It is also present in wastewater and textile effluents contributing to environmental hazards.Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list.<br>References Yang, S. et al.: J. Env. Sci. Health., 52, 682 (2017); Ring, M. et al.: PLoS One., 10, e0116488 ((2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cholinesterase inhibitor. Ectoparasiticide. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs) and used in Pesticide detection.Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698230).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Chauzat, M., et al.: Env. Entomol., 38, 514 (2009), Raut, P., et al.: Pestol., 33, 21 (2009), Henseler, R., et al.: Toxicol., 261, 9 (2009), Banerjee, K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 4068 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Cefuroxime Axetil EP Impurity A<br>Applications Δ2-Cefuroxime Axetil (Cefuroxime Axetil EP Impurity A) is an oral prodrug of Cefuroxime (C248060), an injectable second generation cephalosporin with an excellent antibacterial activity. This ester is applied in therapy as a mixture of the R and S diastereoisomers.<br>References Nguyen, N., et al.: Pharm. Res., 8, 893 (1991), Stoeckel, K., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 42, 2602 (1998), Scott, L., et al.: Drugs, 61, 1455 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Artemether- 13C, d3, is the labeled analogue of Artemether (A777400), which is a derivative of Artemisinin (A777500). Antimalarial, used to treat strains of malaria which are multi-drug resistant.<br>References Hombhanje, F., et al.: Pharma., 3, 3581 (2010), Michael, O., et al.: Malaria J., 9, 335 (2010), Cesar, I., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 54, 114 (2011),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic Acid (Isoferulic acid) is a hypoglycemic agent.<br>References Liu, I.-M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 307, 1196 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications A highly selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist (with no anticholinergic, antiadrenergic, or antiserotonin activity) for use in the treatment of allergic disorders, especially rhinitis and urticaria.<br>References Simons, F.E.R.: Clin. Alp. Allergy, 29, 3 (1999); Brostoff, J. et al.: Allergy, 51, 251 (1996); Gensthaler, B.M.: Pharm. Zeit., 143, 228 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications RTI-113 is a 3-phenyltropane analogue that acts as a potent and selective dopamine uptake inhibitor. RTI-113 has been shown to reduce cocaine self-administration at high occupancy of dopamine transporter. Studies suggest that RTI-113 and its analogs may be useful tools for developing potential agonist therapies for cocaine dependence.<br>References Dworkin, S. et al.: Synapse, 30, 49 (1998); Negus, S.S. et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 91, 333 (2009); Cook, C. et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 442, 93 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chlorobenzonitrile is an activated aryl chloride that is commonly used in reactions that involve the Palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of heteroaromatics (e.g. 3-aminopicolinic acid [A627800]). 2-Chlorobenzonitrile and its substituted derivatives (e.g. 2,3-dichloro-6-nitrobenzonitrile [2112-22-3]) also have potential anti-inflammatory properties.<br>References Andreu, M., et al.: Chem. Commun., 24, 2475 (2000); Hellman, W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 21, 906 (1978); Roy, D., et al.: ACS Catal., 2, 1033 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Unstable in Solution<br>Applications Mesosulfuron-methyl can be used in biological study of targeted screening and safety evaluation of 276 agrochemical residues in raisins using buffered ethyl acetate extraction and liquid chromatography-​tandem mass spectrometry analysis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Shabeer, T. P. A., et al.: Chemosphere, 184, 1036 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Lidocaine-d6 Hydrochloride is the labeled analogue of Lidocaine Hydrochloride, a local anesthetic; antiarrhythmic (class IB). Long-acting, membrane stabilizing agent against ventricular arrhythmia. Originally developed as a local anesthetic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Duce, R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 179, 580 (1971), Kronberg, G.H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 16, 739 (1973), Groningsson, K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 14, 207 (1985), Davies, P.S., et al.: Drugs, 64, 937 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Prometryn is a methylthiotriazine herbicide used for the control of several annual grasses and broadleaf weeds. Prometryn works by inhibiting the electron transport in target broadleaves and grasses.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Qu, J.R.,et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 1148 (2012); Fenoll, J., et al.: J. Photochem. Photobiol., 238, 81 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications An aromatase inhibitor.<br>References Aello, A., et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 54, 281 (1991), Salaja, B.A., et al.: Steroids, 59, 330 (1994), Hunter, A.C., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 87, 301 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications An orally active, antimycotic allylamine related to naftifine. A specfic inhibitor of squalene epoxidase, a key enzyme in fungal ergosterol biosynthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Petranyi, G., et al.: Science, 224, 1239 (1984), Ryder, N.S., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 27, 252 (1985), Evans, E.G.V., et al.: Br. Med. J., 318, 1031 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications The labelled enatiomeric analogue of the antimicrobial agent Thiamphenicol (T344160).<br>References Gal, J. et al.: J. Pharmac. Sci., 77, 1062 (1988); Martin, J. et al.: Anal. Biochem., 96, 215 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications Flonicamid is a novel insecticide with rapid inhibitory effect against aphid feeding. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br>References Morita, M., et al.: Pest. Manag. Sci.,63, 969 (2007); Sabatino, L., et al.: Food. Additive. Contamin., 6, 11 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Amino-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4,5-dihydro-3-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide is a triazolinone herbicide with a broad spectrum of weed control.<br>References Dayan, F., et al.: Weed Science, 57, 579 (2009); Elmore, M., et al.: Weed Technol., 27, 596 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Intedanib (I666650). It is an indolinone derivative potently blocking VEGF-, PDGF-, and FGF-receptor kinases; an indolinone as triple angiokinase inhibitors. An antitumor agent.<br>References Sun, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 2588 (1998), Xie, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 4898 (2007), Hilberg, F., et al.: Cancer Res., 68, 4774 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Chloro-4-[(methylsulfonyl)methyl]benzene is a metabolite of the pesticide benthiocarb (T344255).<br>References Ishikawa, K., et al.: Nippon Noyaku Gakkaishi, 1, 49 (1976); Ishii, Y., et al.: Dokl. Soobshch. - Mezhdunar. Kongr. Zashch. Rast., 8th, 3, 223 (1975); Duah-Yentumi, S., et al.: Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 26, 541 (1980)<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlorsulfuron blocks the biosynthesis of valine [72-​18-​4] and isoleucine [73-​32-​5] in plants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Thomas, R.: Plant Physiol., 75, 827 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications Satisfar is a pesticide sprayed on plants and vegetables as insecticide to fend off pests.<br>References Cairns, T. et al.: J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 70, 858 (1987);<br></p>

<p>Applications A synthetic opioid similar in structure to Methadone (M225865). It acts as a μ-opioid receptor agonist and evokes heroin-like discriminative stimulus effects.<br>References Newman, J.L. et al.: Psychopharmacol., 164, 108 (2002); Brase, D.A. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 25, 1684 (1976);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Abiraterone (A108490). A steroidal cytochrome P 450 17α-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase inhibitor (CYP17), is currently undergoing phase II clinical trials as a potential drug for the treatment of androgen-dependent prostate cancer.<br>References Denis, L., et al.: Cancer, 72, 3888 (1993), Potter, G.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 2463 (1995), Denmeade, S., et al.: Nat. Rev., 2, 389(2002), Scher, H., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 23, 8253 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Used in treatment of dermatitis herpetiformis; antibacterial.<br>References Wien, R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 84, 211 (1945), Stone, O.J., et al.: Med. Hypotheses, 31, 99 (1990), Elder, M.J., et al.: Br. J. Ophthalmol., 80, 549 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications Sudan II is a fat soluble red synthetic azo dye. Sudan II is reduced to potentially carcinogenic aromatic amines by human intestinal bacteria. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br>References Zhu, Y., et. al.: Food Chem., 145, 956 (2014); Xu, H. et. al.: Appl. Environ. Microb., 73, 7759 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled analogue of (R)-Amphetamine (A634240), a central nervous system stimulant and an anorexic agent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Warren, M.R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 85, 119 (1945), Behrendt, W.A, et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 13, 711 (1963), Seiden, L.S., Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 32, 639 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Zinc Dimethyldithiocarbamate is a member of a class of dithiocarbamates, and has been used in agriculture as a fungicide (1) and in the rubber industry as a vulcanization accelerator. It is a neurotoxin which is associated with parkinson’s disease (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Ema, M. et al.: Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1994 Dec;53(6):930-6.2. Lulla, A. et al.: Environ Health Perspect. 2016 Nov;124(11):1766-1775.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2,4-Triazolo[3,4-b]benzothiazole-5-methanol is the major alcohol metabolite of tricyclazole (T291465) which is an common active ingredient in several commercial fungicide products used to control rice blast fungus, in transplanted and direct-seeded rice.<br>References Koons, J., et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 33, 552 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (cas# 33252-63-0) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications An impurity in the synthesis of Erythromycin (E649950). An antibacterial.<br>References Zhang, L. et al.: J. Antibio., 64, 243 (2011); Koch, W.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 157 (1979),<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyantraniliprole is used as an insecticide and/or acaricide. Also useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br>References Abbott, W., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 18, 265 (1925), Ali, A., et al.: Environ. Entomol., 19, 1066 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Ethanolamine-13C2 Hydrochloride is the labeled analogue of Ethanolamine (E676500), which is used in the preparation of various pharmaceutical compounds and inhibitors. Ethanolamine-13C2, is also a 13C-labeled lipid precursor, used for the detection of phospholipid metabolism and the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine in T47D human breast cancer cells.<br>References Ronen, S. M., et al.: Magnetic Resonance Med., 25, 384 (1992); Lombardo, L. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 6658 (2004); Egan, T.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 283 (2000);<br></p>