Toxicologie

Impurity Ofloxacin EP Impurity E
Applications Desmethyl Ofloxacin (Ofloxacin EP Impurity E) is a metabolite of Ofoxacin (O245750), a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.
References Leysen, D., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 33, 1 (1989); Polk, R., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 27, 17 (1991); Todo, Y., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 2049 (1994); Furuhata, K., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 21, 456 (1998); Monk, J.P., et al.: Drugs, 33, 346 (1987); Drlica, K., Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2, 504 (1990)

Impurity Fluocinolone Acetonide EP Impurity B
Applications (6α,11β,16α,17α)-6,9-Difluoro-11-hydroxy-16,17-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene-17-carboxylic Acid, is a derivative of Fluocinolone Acetonide (F455800), which is a Corticosteroid, used in dermatology to reduce skin inflammation and relieve itching.
References Sammul, et al.: J. Assoc. Off. Agric. Chem., 47, 952 (1964), Emerson, M.V., et al.: BioDrugs, 21, 245 (2007),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Phenethicillin is a semisynthetic penicillin based β-lactam antibiotic and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive bacteria.
References Lucien, C., et al.: Can. med. Assoc. J., 84, 535 (1961); Timmers, G.J., et al.: Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 13, 497 (2007);

Applications A bile acid derivative as anti-inflammatory and antitumor agent.
References Yasukawa, K., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull, 19, 573 (1996), Yasukawa, K., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 52, 119 (2000), Iida, T., et al.: Lipids, 38, 281 (2003),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Gentiopicroside is an anticonvulsant agent present in plant extracts.
References Mahendran, G. et al.: Biomed. Res. Int., 2015, 542385 (2014);

Applications Surfactin is a lipopeptide antibiotic and biosurfactant.

Applications An antiarrhythmic agent isolated from Rauwolfia serpentina.
References Galarreta, B., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 6689 (2008), Sun, L., et al.: Plant Mol. Biol., 67, 455 (2008), Ruiz-May, E., et al.: Mol. Biotechnol., 41, 278 (2009),

Applications Cholesteryl Acetate Dibromide is an brominated intermediate in the synthesis of Cholesterol (C432501) derivatives.
References Kandutsch, A.A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 249, 6057 (1974);

Applications Suxibuzone is a prodrug of the non steroidal anti inflammatory drug phenylbutazone. It is a drug used for joint and muscular pain.
References Monreal, L., et al.: res. Vet. Sci., 76, 145 (2004); Mizushima, Y., et al.: Pharm., 25, 39 (1982); Yasuda, Y., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 71, 565 (1982)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Tenofovir Disoproxil derivative as antiviral and antitumor agent.

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Ethanolamine-13C2 Hydrochloride is the labeled analogue of Ethanolamine (E676500), which is used in the preparation of various pharmaceutical compounds and inhibitors. Ethanolamine-13C2, is also a 13C-labeled lipid precursor, used for the detection of phospholipid metabolism and the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine in T47D human breast cancer cells.
References Ronen, S. M., et al.: Magnetic Resonance Med., 25, 384 (1992); Lombardo, L. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 6658 (2004); Egan, T.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 283 (2000);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications An impurity in the synthesis of Erythromycin (E649950). An antibacterial.
References Zhang, L. et al.: J. Antibio., 64, 243 (2011); Koch, W.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 157 (1979),

Applications Prednisolone 21-β-D-Glucuronide Sodium Salt is a metabolite of Prednisolone (P703740).
References Hutzler, J., ET AL.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 355 (2002), Sugiyama, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 43489 (2003), Hagenbuch, B., et al.: Xenobiotica, 38, 778 (2008),

Applications A labelled nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID); activity resides primarily in the (S)-isomer.
References Busson, M., et al.: J. Int. Med Res., 14, 53 (1986), Meade, E.A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 268, 6610 (1993), Davies, N.M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 34, 101 (1998),

Applications Elenolic Acid is an antiviral agent that inhibits reverse transcriptases, inhibited the growth of chicken embryo fibroblast cells as well as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis strains.
References Heinze, J.E., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 8, 421 (1975); Renis, H,E..: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 8, 149 (1975)

Impurity Beclomethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity S
Applications Beclomethasone 11,17,21-Tripropionate (Beclomethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity S) is an impurity of Beclomethasone (B131000), a glucocorticoid. Used in chronic asthma and allergic rhinitis. Antiallergic, antiasthmatic (inhalant). Anti-inflammatory (topical).
References Malfitan, V.A., et al.: Clin. Ther., 4, 472 (1982), Rao, M., et al.: J. Asthma, 19, 21 (1982), Small, P., et al.: Ann. Allergy, 49, 127 (1982), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 28, 99 (1984),

Applications Testololactone, is the derivative of Testolactone (T154800), which is an antineoplastic agent that is a derivative of progesterone and is used to treat advanced stage breast cancer.
References Dunkel, L.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 254, 207 (2006); Eugster, E. A.: Treat. Endocrinol., 3, 141 (2004); Holbeck, S.L. et al.: Mol. Cancer Therap., 9, 1451 (2010);