Source botanique

Kaempferol 3-O-gentiobioside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a naturally occurring compound commonly found in a variety of plant sources, including fruits, vegetables, and herbs. It is specifically derived from plants such as the Ginkgo biloba and other botanical sources that synthesize kaempferol derivatives as secondary metabolites.

Chonglou Saponin VII is a bioactive glycoside, which is derived from the rhizomes of traditional Chinese medicinal plants, often sourced from the species Paris polyphylla. As a steroidal saponin, its mechanism of action involves altering cellular activities by interacting with cell membranes and signaling pathways, leading to a range of pharmacological effects.

Rebaudioside I is a steviol glycoside, which is a high-intensity sweetener derived from the leaves of the Stevia rebaudiana plant. As a natural compound, it is extracted and purified through a water or alcohol-based process from the plant’s leaves, which have been traditionally used for their sweetening properties.

(R)-Ginsenoside Rg2 is a naturally occurring bioactive compound derived from the roots of the Panax ginseng plant. It is classified as a saponin, known for its significant pharmacological potential. The source of (R)-Ginsenoside Rg2 lies in the ginsenosides, specific triterpenoid saponins found in ginseng, which have been extensively studied for their health-promoting properties.

Pelargonidin-3-O-sophoroside is a specialized flavonoid glycoside, which is derived from certain plant sources. It is primarily isolated from various fruits and flowers where it contributes to pigmentation, specifically imparting hues such as red and pink. The compound functions through its role as a pigment by absorbing specific wavelengths of light, which can protect the plant tissues from excess UV radiation and attract pollinators.

Jujuboside B is a bioactive compound, which is a triterpenoid saponin derived from the seeds of Ziziphus jujuba, known as the jujube plant. This compound is primarily found in the plant’s seeds and is extracted using various chromatography techniques. Jujuboside B exhibits its mode of action through modulation of neurotransmitter systems and antioxidative defense mechanisms, which contribute to its neuroprotective and anxiolytic effects. Additionally, it influences the GABAergic system, enhancing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission.

Ginsenoside Rb3 is a natural saponin compound, which is a type of ginsenoside derived from the root of Panax ginseng. The source of Ginsenoside Rb3, Panax ginseng, is a perennial plant widely utilized in traditional medicine for its pharmacological properties.

Hederacoside C is a bioactive triterpenoid saponin, which is isolated from the leaves of the common ivy plant, *Hedera helix*. These saponins have been a subject of scientific study due to their significant pharmacological properties. The mode of action of Hederacoside C involves its ability to reduce the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its expulsion from the respiratory tract. This is achieved through its expectorant properties, which stimulate bronchial secretions and improve mucociliary clearance, making it particularly valuable in the treatment of respiratory disorders.

Pectolinarin is a flavonoid compound that can be classified as a natural bioactive molecule, which is derived primarily from specific plant sources, particularly within the Asteraceae family. This compound exhibits a range of biochemical activities through its mode of action as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. It effectively scavenges free radicals and inhibits inflammatory pathways, thereby reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses at the cellular level.

a-Glucosylrutin is a flavonoid glycoside derivative, which is synthesized from rutin, a natural flavonoid extracted from plants such as buckwheat and citrus fruits, using an enzymatic glucosylation process. The incorporation of glucose enhances its stability and solubility compared to its parent compound, rutin.

Rebaudioside F is a non-caloric sweetener, which is a glycoside isolated from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. This compound is categorized as a steviol glycoside, where the steviol backbone is modified through glycosylation, contributing to its sweetening properties. Rebaudioside F shares a similar structure with other steviol glycosides, including rebaudioside A, but exhibits slight differences in its glycosylation pattern, which can influence its taste profile and solubility.

Camelliaside A is a saponin compound, which is a type of secondary metabolite predominantly occurring in certain plant species. It is derived from the seeds of Camellia sinensis, commonly known as the tea plant. The molecular structure of Camelliaside A features a glycosidic linkage, contributing to its bioactive properties.

Notoginsenoside R1 is a saponin compound, which is a key bioactive ingredient derived from the roots of Panax notoginseng, a well-known traditional medicinal plant. This product is renowned for its diverse pharmacological activities, particularly its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The mode of action of Notoginsenoside R1 involves modulating various signaling pathways, including the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, which are pivotal in regulating the body's inflammatory response. Additionally, it exhibits the ability to scavenge free radicals, contributing to its antioxidative properties.

Rebaudioside E is a high-intensity sweetener, which is a glycoside derived from the Stevia rebaudiana plant. This particular compound is among the numerous steviol glycosides present in stevia leaves, extracted through water or alcohol-based extraction and subsequent purification processes. Its mode of action involves binding to the sweet taste receptors on the tongue, similar to other intense sweeteners, yet it provides sweetness without caloric input.

Quercetin 3-O-(4''-O-acetyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside is a specialized flavonoid glycoside, which is a derivative of the flavonoid quercetin. It is primarily sourced from various plant species known for their high flavonoid content. The compound is characterized by its unique glycosylation pattern, where an acetyl group is esterified to the 4'' position of the rhamnose moiety.

Isoliquiritin apioside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a compound derived from licorice root (Glycyrrhiza species). It exhibits a range of biological activities by influencing various cellular and molecular pathways, often involving antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. These effects are primarily mediated through its interaction with cellular signaling cascades, potentially modulating gene expression and enzyme activity.

(20R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 is a triterpenoid saponin, which is a bioactive compound isolated from the root of Panax ginseng. This product is an integral part of traditional medicine and is now being extensively studied in modern pharmacological research. As a ginsenoside, Rg3 exerts its effects primarily by modulating cellular pathways, inhibiting angiogenesis, and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.

Phloretin 2'-O-xylosyl-glucoside is a natural glycoside compound, which is derived from the xylosylation and glucosylation of phloretin, commonly found in certain fruits like apples. It is a biochemical derivative formed through enzymatic reactions involving specific glycosyltransferases in plant tissues. The mode of action of this compound primarily involves its antioxidant properties, where it serves to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress within biological systems.

Empagliflozin 6-O-β-D-glucuronide is a metabolite of the drug empagliflozin, which is a type of product known as a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. This compound is derived from the in vivo metabolism of empagliflozin, originally sourced from synthetic pathways designed to enhance the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its mode of action involves the facilitation of glucose excretion through the kidneys by inhibiting renal reabsorption of glucose, thus lowering blood glucose levels.

Momordin 2e is a cucurbitane triterpenoid compound, which is derived from natural plant sources, particularly within the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. This product has garnered attention due to its bioactive properties, primarily identified in plants such as bitter melon (Momordica charantia).