Étalons de l'industrie alimentaire

<p>Applications 4-Aminoimidazole is used as a building block for the synthesis vitamin B12-analogs via Eubacterium limosu.<br>References Endres, B. et al.: Biol. Chem. Hop.-Sey., 376, 595 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Menaquinones are isoprenoid quinones of the naphthalene series and belongs to the K2 Vitamin homologs. Menaquinones were originally discovered as the anti-hemorrhagic factor and now encompasses a variety of physiological processes. Menaquinone 9 is a form of vitamin K2 which acts as a prothrombogenic agent and is also a functional electron transfer component in nitrate reductase.<br>References Hugenholtz, P., et al.: J. Bacteriol., 180, 4765 (1998), Ginet, N., et al.: Biochemistry, 40, 1812 (2001), Cape, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 34654 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Mesalazine EP Impurity J (HCl)<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 3,5-Diaminosalicylic acid Dihydrochloride, is the sulfate salt of 3,5-Diaminosalicylic acid. 3,5-Diaminosalicylic acid is an aromatic compound that belongs to a group of aminobenzoic acids (and derivatives) that can be used practically to prevent food spoilage and can treat animal protein aging.<br>References Ulrich, P., et al. Aminobenzoic Acids and Derivatives and Methods of Use for Preventing Protein Aging. US Patent 5514676. May 7 1996.<br></p>

<p>Applications Limetol, is the cyclized derivative of linalool (L465950), melanol, and other unsaturated alcohols, that was shown to give a product mixture that can be used in fragrance and perfumery industry.<br>References Klimánková, E., et al.: Food Chem., 107, 464 (2008); Nakamura, A., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 5480 (2009); Soni, A. et al.: Synth. Comm., 40, 74 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Butoxybutanol is used in the synthesis of biomedical polyurethane for application as scaffold materials.<br>References Liu, H. et al.: J. App. Polym. Sci., 117, 235 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Acetoin is a produced via fermentation of wines, dairy products and sugars by fermentive bacteria. Acetoin is used in food flavoring and fragrances and is also found in some fruits and vegetables.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mayo, B. et al.: Biotechnol. Lact. Acid Bact., 3 (2010); Oberman, H. et al.: Nahrung, 26, 615 (1982); Dutta, S.M. et al.: Ind. J. Dairy Sci., 24, 107 (1971);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications 1,2-Diacetin is a derivative of Triacetin (T720850) which is used as a food additive and flavorings. Triacetin can be used as an excipient in pharmaceutical products where it is used as a humectant, a plasticizer, and as a solvent. Triacetin can also be used as a fuel additive as an antiknock agent.<br>References Mouret, A., et al.: Green Chem., 16 (1), 269 (2014); Snejdrova, E., et al.: Inter. J. Pharma., 458, 282 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Di(α-tocopherol) Phosphate is used as a vitamin E supplement.<br>References Libinaki, R., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 44, 916 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications A component from essential oil of natural hawthorn perfume.<br>References Mau, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 183 (2001), Paine, A., et al.: Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 20, 563 (2001), Apostolopoulou, A., et al.: Food Control., 16, 157 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2-Ethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine Hydrochloride is produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and can cause mousy off-flavor in wines.<br>References Snowdon, E.M., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 54, 6465 (2006); Costello, P.J., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 50, 7079 (2002); Craig, J.T., et al.: Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 35, 46 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isobutyric acid is used in biological studies to discriminate between the different volatile compounds found in wines and beers.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dourtoglou, V., et al.: Food Chem., 159, 181 (2014); Webber, V., et al.: Food Chem., 159, 391 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications A component of Musk fragrances.<br>References Api, A., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 111, 143 (1999), Fromme, H., et al.: Water Res., 35, 121 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ellagic Acid is a phenol antioxidant found naturally in various fruits and vegetables. Ellagic Acid was shown to exhibit high levels of antiproliferative and antioxidant properties in studies, which suggests its potential health benefits following ellagic acid consumption.<br>References Mavri, A., et al.: Chem. Biodiver., 9, 1545 (2012); Furlanetto, V., J. Agri. Food. Chem., 60, 9162 (2012); Kannan, M., et al.: J. Biochem. Molec. Toxicol., 26, 270 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications A pyrolysate of protein that exhibits potent mutagenic principles toward Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. 2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) and 2-amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (MeAαC) are two mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines formed during ordinary cooking.<br>References Sugimura, T., et al.: Mutation Research, 290, 43 (1993), Eisenbrand &amp; Tang: Toxicology, 84, 1 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications Bromoethane is used in the synthesis of novel non-competitive antagonists of kainate Glu1/Glu2 receptors (1). Bromoethane is a useful reagent to prepare tryptophan analogues and the antibiotic, Tamoxifen (2).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References (1) Kaczor, A. et al.: Lett Drug Discov 9, 891 (2012) (1) Ma, C. et al.: J. Org Chem. 66, 4525 (2001)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,​3-​Dichloro-​1-​propene is a chemical reagent used in organic synthesis. Used as a reagent to synthesize the intermediate [(difluorophenyl)propenyl]propanediol diacetate for Posazonazole (P689600).Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Chen, Y. et al.: Synth. Comm., 45, 734 (2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Benzoylbiphenyl is a reagent used in the synthesis of multicolored mechanochromic luminogen molecules.<br>References Zhao, Z. et al.: J. Mat. Chem. C. Mat. Opt. Elec. Dev., 4, 4800 (2016);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications Isopropylamine is an organic compound is a widely used for the synthesis of pharmaceutical and agricultural goods such as glyphosphate herbicides and as an additive for petroleum industry.<br> E0<br>References Dam, J.H. et al.: Chem. A. Eur. J., 16, 6820 (2010); Latli, B. et al.: J Labelled. Compd. Radiopharm., 48, 447 (2005); Guadry, D., et al.: Biomed. Mass. Spectro., 12, 269 (1985);<br></p>

<p>Applications A component of Musk fragrances.<br>References Api, A., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 111, 143 (1999), Fromme, H., et al.: Water Res., 35, 121 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl Acetoacetate-13C4 is the isotope labelled analog of Ethyl Acetoacetate, an chemical intermediate used in the production of various analgesics, antibiotics and antimalarial agents.<br>References Mutti, F.G., et al.: Adv. Syn. Cata., 354, 3409 (2012); Subudhi, B., et al.: Bull. Chem. Soc., Ethiopia., 26, 455 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dimethyl Succinate is a reagent to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of quinoline acylsulfonamides as potent and selective antagonists of EP4 receptor which is used for the treatment for chronic inflammation.<br>References Burch, J.D, et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 18, 2048 (2008); Flower, R., et al.: Nat. Rev. Drug Disc., 2, 179 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Acetylnaphthalene is an intermediate used to prepare piperidinyl pyrazoles as potent DNA gyrase inhibitors It is also used in the synthesis of aromatic enone and dienone analogues of curcumin as angiogenesis inhibitors.<br>References Tanitame, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 3693 (2004); Robinson, T., et al.: Bioog. Med. Chem. Lett., 13, 115 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications trans-1,3-Dichloropropene is used in a biological study to evaluate the fumigant emission and distribution in relation to soil moisture and texture.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Qin, R., et al.: Chemosphere, 90, 866 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Bromo-2-chloroethane is a reagent used in the preparation of potent P-glycoprotein inhibitors carrying a polycyclic scaffold.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Bisi, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem, 49, 3049 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Misoprostol. Cytoprotective PGE1 analog that prevents NSAID-induced gastric ulceration.<br>References Graham, Y., et al.: Lancet, 2, 1277 (1988), 11) Garris, R., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol., 8, 627 (1989), Karim, A., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 29, 439 (1989),<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetrahydropyran is a useful synthetic intermediate. Tetrahydropyranyl (THP-) ethers derived from the reaction of alcohols and dihydropyran are common intermediates in organic synthesis. In organic synthesis, the 2-tetrahydropyranyl group is used as a protecting group for alcohols.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Earl, R., et al.: Org. Synth., 7, 334 (1990); Kluge, A.: Org. Synth., 7, 160 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,4-DICHLOROBUTANE (cas# 110-56-5) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Air Sensitive, Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Triethoxyphosphine is an common reagent used as a soft ligand in coordination chemistry and homogenous catalysis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Xiong, J.Y., et al.: Materials. Sci. Forum., 618 (2009); Mcpherson, A., et al. J. Structural. Biol., 156, 387 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications N,N-Dimethyl-1,3-propylenediamine is a useful catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation. It is also a useful hardening agent for expoxy resin.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Li, G. et al.: Green Chem., 13, 1828 (2011); Kroupa, J. et al.: Cgem. Prum., 26, 477 (1976); Caldwell, J. et al.: Polym. Preprints, 8, 687 (1967);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Ketocarbofuran-d3 is an intermediate in the synthesis of 3-Hydroxy Carbofuran-d3 (H825042), which is a labelled 3-Hydroxy Carbofuran (H825040). 3-Hydroxy Carbofuran is a metabolite of Carbofuran (C176590).<br>References Pihlstrom, T., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 389, 1773 (2007), Kovalczuk, T., et al.: Food Additives Contam., 25, 444 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dimethyl Carbonate is used in the synthesis of phosphine-boranes in the preparation of new bidentate ligands. Also used in the synthesis of flavonoid analogs.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Imamoto, T. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 5244 (1990); Cushman, M. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 34, 798 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl 2-Methyl-4-pentenoate, can be used as flavoring and fragrant agent. It can also be used for the synthesis of Phthalazines and Pyridazino-aromatics.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Luan, F., et al.: Flavour and Fragrance J., 23, 232 (2008); Kessler, S., et al.: Org. Lett., 14, 3268 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Bromopropane is a compound that induces hemapoietic and reproductive effects on humans. It is known to cause male infertility and primary ovarian failure in humans as well. In the industry, 2-bromopropane is used as an alternative solvent to ozone depleting chlorofluorocarbons (e.g. 1,1,1-Trichlorotrifluoroethane [T774305]).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Park, J., et al.: J. Occup. Health, 39, 138 (1997); Takeuchi, Y., et al.: Occup. Heal. Ind. Med., 38, No pp given (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Iodobutane is one of the most universally useful substrates in the assessment of haloalkene dehalogenase activity.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Koudelakova, T., et al.: Biochem. J., 435, 345 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications Carbon tetrabromide is commonly employed as an electron acceptor in organic synthesis reactions. Carbon tetrabromide is also an efficient catalyst for regioselective ring opening of epoxides with alcohols.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rosokha, S., et al.: Heteroatom Chem., 17, 449 (2006); Yadav, J., et al.: Synthesis, 2005, 2897 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl Isobutyrate is an odor-active compound found in pineapples.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Pino, J.A.: Int. J. Food Sci. Tech., 48, 564 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Chloro-2-(pentachlorophenoxy)phenol is an impurity in the synthesis of Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin which is a toxic polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin detected in domestic meat and poultry.<br>References Feil, V., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 6163 (2000), Huwe, J., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 21, 182 (2004), Llobet, J., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 178, 117 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Diisopropyl Adipate can be used in biological study of pharmaceutically acceptable therapeutic formulations with anti-inflammatory and antipruritic effects in symptomatic and palliative treatment.<br>References Karaagac, E.: Turk. Pat. Appl., TR 2012005383 A1 20131121 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications DL-2-Methylbutyric Acid is a common chemical reagent used in the synthesis of anticancer naphthoquinione aliphatic amides. Also used in the synthesis of novel erythromycins.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kongkathip, B. et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 60, 271 (2013); Pacey, M. et al.: J. Antibio. 51, 1029 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Imidazolidinone is a metabolite of ethylenethiourea (ETU), a decomposition product of the ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (EBDC) fungicides.<br>References Iverson, F. et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 52, 16 (1980); Marshall, W.D.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 27, 295 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications Benzyl Mercaptan, is a common laboratory alkylthiol, which can be used as a source of thiol functional group in the chemical synthesis. It also occurs naturally in coffee.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Norman, K. et al.: Org. Synth.: Coll, Vol 5, 474 (1973);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl Formate, is a central nervous system depressant. it is used as a solvent for cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, oils, and greases. It can also be used as flavoring an fragrance ingredients.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wang, X., et al.: Dongbei Shida Xuebao, 44, 107 (2012); Chen, X., et al.: Chromatographia, 76, 241 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled R-Ketoprofen (K200806). Anti-inflammatory; analgesic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ueno, K., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 19, 941 (1976), Liversidge, G.G., Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 10, 443 (1981), Jamali, F., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 19, 197 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications Iberverin is an inducer of phase II detoxification enzymes.<br></p>

<p>Applications Diphenyl-methanone Hydrazone is an intermediate used to synthesize Pseudobenztropine (P840155), an analog of Benzotropine (B207575, Mesylate salt) which is used as an antiparkinsonian.. It can also be used to prepare chiral [2.2]paracyclophane-substituted triazolium salts as precursors for copper-triazolylidene-catalyzed asymmetrical boration of unsaturated N-acyloxazolidinones.<br>References Hai, N., et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 357, 55 (2008), Sanderson, H., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 187, 84 (2009); Zhan, M., et al.: Org. Lett., 15, 4182 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Oleic acid is a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid. Oleic Acid is obtained by the hydrolysis of various animal and vegetable fats and oils. Oleic Acid is used as an emulsifying or solubilizing agent in aerosol products.<br>References Mahsut, A. et al.: Anal. Biochem., 408, 351 (2011); Brock, K., et al.: Br. J. Nut., 101, 1228 (2009); Soveral, G., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 383, 108 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isopropenyl Acetate, is an enol acetate of acetone. It is used as a solvent for cellulose, plastics, oil and fats. It is also a building block used for various organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Walters, M., et al.: e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reag. for Organ. Synth.(2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications sec-Butyl Mercaptan is used in the preparation of arylsulfides via palladium catalyzed thioetherification of aryl bromides and iodides.<br>References Fernandez-Rodriguez, M. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 74, 1663 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bisphenol A Bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ether is used as a standard for determining toxic monomers released from polymers of the inner coating of cans.<br>References Jenke, D., et al.: Pharm. Res., 8, 782 (1991), Jenke, D., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 27, 133 (2006), Soeborg, T., et al.: Toxicology, 236, 140 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications 12-Aminolauric Acid is an amino acid used as a reagent in organic synthesis of several compounds including phenylbutazone which is a new long-acting agent which displays improved pharmacokinectics based on human serum albumin as a drug carrier.<br>References Zhou, J., et al.: Chem. Biol. Drug. Des., pages ahead of print (2016);<br></p>

<p>Applications Phthalate metabolite.<br>References Ye, X., et al.: Environ. Res., 108, 260 (2008), Engel, S., et al.: NeuroToxicol., 30, 522 (2009), Samandar, E., et al.: Environ. Res., 109, 641 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Labelled 9-cis Retinol Acetate (R252100). Retinal derivative for treatment of visual disorders. Vitamin A derivative.<br>References Ruiz, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 274, 3834 (1999), van Hooser, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 277, 19173 (2002), Haeseleer, F., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 277, 45537 (2002).<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate in the preparation of Alfentanil and Sufentanil Citrate<br>References Colapret, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 32, 968 (1989),<br></p>

<p>Applications Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Triammonium Salt-13C3 is labelled Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Triammonium Salt (F102470) which is an isoprenoid from the intracellular mevalonate pathway used for prenylation of several low molecular mass G proteins, including Ras.<br>References Correll, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 17390 (1994), Moura, I., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 45, 2553 (2001), Gana-Weisz, M., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 8, 555 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-(Chloromethyl)furfural is a lipid oxidation product derived from soybean phospholipids. It is a biofuel precursor in the co-processing of carbohydrates and lipids in oil crops for production of hybrid biodiesel.<br>References Mascal, M. et al.: Energy Fuels., 24, 2170 (2010); Sessa, D.J. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 27, 209 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications A novel analogue of the food mutagen and carcinogen MeIQ.<br>References Kerdar, R., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 67, 73 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dodecanoic-11,11,12,12,12-d5 Acid (CAS# 1219804-38-2) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Neomenthol is an essential oil which has potential to prevent or cure stress related diseases. Inhibitory activity in such compounds may improve dimentia, onset of cancer.<br>References Miyazawa, M., Oreo Saiensu, 11, 463 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ergot alkaloids.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kantorova, M. et al.: J. Nat. Prod. 65, 1039 (2002); Rotter, R. et al.: Can. J. Anim. Sci. 65, 953 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications Monobenzyl Phthalate β-D-Glucuronide is glucuronide conjugates of Monobenzyl Phthalate (M524900) which is a metabolite of phtalate.<br>References Samandar, E., et al.: Environ. Res., 109, 641 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications A reagent for high performance polymer research.<br>References Fouassier, J., et al.: Polymer, 36, 5005 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications DL-Phenylalanine-2-d1 (CAS# 14246-24-3) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,3,6,8-Tetrachlorobenzo-p-dioxin is an intermediate in the synthesis of 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzodioxin which is a toxic polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin detected in domestic meat and poultry.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Feil, V., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 6163 (2000), Huwe, J., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 21, 182 (2004), Llobet, J., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 178, 117 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Inositol derivative.<br>References Parthasarathy, R., et al.: Biochem. J., 235, 313 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Propane-d7-thiol (CAS# 1219803-52-7) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl Dodecanoate-d23 (CAS# 1219795-35-3) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Fucosterol is a steroid for proteomics research.<br></p>

<p>Applications Steviol is an aglycone of the natural sweetener Stevioside (90%, S686730) and is found to be highly mutagenic compared to Stevioside.<br>References Toskulkac, C., et al.: Drug Chem. Toxicol., 20, 31 (1997); Pezzuto, J.M., et al.: P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 82, 2478 (1985); Matsui, M., et al.: Mutagenesis, 11, 573 (1996); Koyama, E., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 41, 875 (2003)<br></p>