Peptídeos

Leu-pNA is a protein synthesis inhibitor that binds to the active site of the enzyme peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase). This inhibitor prevents the enzyme from catalyzing the conversion of proline residues in peptides to their cis or trans isomers. Leu-pNA has been shown to inhibit proteolytic enzymes such as soybean trypsin and activated proteases, and also has an inhibitory effect on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enzyme activities. The binding of Leu-pNA to PPIase can be reversed by heating at 60°C for 20 minutes.

This product which is available as a 0.5mg vial is amino acids 1-31 of the 84 amino acid parathyroid hormone (PTH) and can be used as an adenylate cyclase and bone growth stimulating peptide.
PTH is a peptide hormone that is secreted from the parathyroid gland in the event of abnormal serum calcium levels and it ultimately regulates calcium and phosphate levels in the body. The PTH exerts its activity through binding to the G-protein coupled receptor type 1 PTH receptor, which activates adenylate cyclase or phospholipase C thus activating pathways involved in the mediation of bone resorption and bone formation. This product is suitable for life science applications.

Endothelin-1 is a peptide that acts as a vasoconstrictor and plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. Endothelin-1 is also an endogenous ligand for two G protein-coupled receptors, ETA and ETB. Interesting Endothelin-1 is the most abundant isoform and is expressed in endothelial cells of every blood vessel. It exerts its vasoconstrictor effects through binding to ETA receptors located on the smooth muscle. This product has disulfide bonds between Cys1-Cys15 and Cys3-Cys11, sourced from Porcine, Canine, Rat, Mouse and Bovine and is available as a 0.1mg vial.

GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) is a peptide hormone that belongs to the family of incretin hormones. GIP has been shown to have an insulinotropic effect, which is mediated by its activation of glucose-dependent insulin release from pancreatic β-cells. It also has effects on lipid metabolism and plays a role in the regulation of food intake. GIP is produced by K cells in the ileum and colon and released into the bloodstream following food intake. The binding of GIP to its receptors leads to inhibition of gastric acid secretion, stimulation of gallbladder contraction, increased blood flow to the stomach, relaxation of pyloric sphincter muscles, and inhibition of gastric motility. This product is highly pure (> 98%) with no detectable endotoxin or other microbial contamination.

m-dPEG®37-acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. m-dPEG®37-acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.

A synthetic snake toxin sourced from the black mamba, Dendroaspis polylepis polylepis which can be applied as a L-type Ca2+ channel blocker. This product has disulfide bonds between Cys3-Cys22, Cys17-Cys39, Cys41-Cys52, and Cys53-Cys58 and is available as a 0.1mg vial.

m-dPEG®36-Azide (Azido-m-dPEG®36) is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. m-dPEG®36-Azide (Azido-m-dPEG®36) is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.

Amino-dPEG® Acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Amino-dPEG® Acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.

This product contains disulfide bonds between Cys3-Cys14 can is suitable for use in radioimmunoassays. Somatostatin is a peptide hormone that is produced by the hypothalamus and inhibits the release of growth hormones, insulin, and glucagon. It is widely expressed throughout the body for example in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, hypothalamus, pancreas and the central nervous system. In the central nervous system somatostatin plays a role in neurotransmission modification and it has also demonstrated to be effective against a number of cancers such as squamous carcinoma.

Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide (DSIP) is a neuropeptide that induces delta sleep in mammals. Studies have shown that DSIP plasma concentrations and the human circadian rhythm are correlated and that DSIP concentrations are dependent on the initiation of sleep. Interestingly DSIP has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and can be absorbed from the gut.  This neuropeptide is found in plasma, peripheral organs and neurons and its functions extend beyond inducing sleep. For example it has the ability to affect levels of hormones, neurotransmitters and psychological performance. It has also been found that schizophrenia and depression patients have lower concentrations of DSIP in their cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. Clinically DFSIP has already been used to treat opioid and alcohol withdrawal in reducing symptoms felt by patients.

m-dPEG®8-Lipoamide is a PEG molecule conjugated with a lipid moiety. m-dPEG®8-Lipoamide, conjugated to this lipid constituent, is very important especially in drug delivery and vaccine development as it helps improve the stability and circulation time of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and liposomes.

CCK-Octapeptide (26-33) is a peptide that is a member of the cholecystokinin family of peptides. CCK-Octapeptide (26-33) is an activator of the CCK receptor and can be used for research purposes. This peptide has been shown to inhibit ion channels, which are proteins that regulate the flow of ions across cell membranes, and may be used as a pharmacological tool or research tool.

Lys-Ala-AMC is an activator of ion channels and a ligand for receptors. It is used in research as a tool to study protein interactions, receptor pharmacology, and ion channel pharmacology. Lys-Ala-AMC binds to the α-subunit of voltage gated calcium channels and can activate these channels by increasing the rate of opening. This peptide also inhibits receptor binding by competing with the natural ligand. It has been shown to be an antagonist at the NMDA receptor and can inhibit the binding of glycine to this receptor.

m-dPEG®4-Azide (Azido-m-dPEG®4) is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. m-dPEG®4-Azide (Azido-m-dPEG®4) is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.

CoV-2 IgG S1 antibody binds to both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) with high affinity at amino acids 318-510 in the S1 domain of the Spike protein and can be used in ELISA assays. SARS Coronavirus is an enveloped virus containing three outer structural proteins, namely the membrane (M), envelope (E), and spike (S) proteins. Spike (S)-glycoprotein of the virus interacts with a cellular receptor and mediates membrane fusion to allow viral entry into susceptible target cells. Accordingly, S-protein plays an important role in virus infection cycle and is the primary target of neutralizing antibodies. It has recently been shown that SARS is caused by a human coronavirus. Human coronaviruses are the major cause of upper respiratory tract illness in humans, such as the common cold. Coronaviruses are positive-stranded RNA viruses, featuring the largest viral RNA genomes known to date (27-31 kb). The first step in coronavirus infection is binding of the viral spike protein, a 139-kDa protein, to certain receptors on host cells. The spike protein is the main surface antigen of the coronavirus. The most prominent protein in the culture supernatants infected with SARS virus is a 46 kDa nucleocapsid protein. This suggests that the nucleocapsid protein is a major immunogen that may be useful for early diagnostics.
Recombinant Anti Human SARS CoV-2 IgG1 Kappa Spike S1 is a recombinant monoclonal antibody derived from HEL293 cells, which recognizes the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein. CoV-2 IgG S1 Antibody binds to both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 with high affinity at amino acids 318-510 (RBD, Receptor Binding Domain) in the S1 subunit of the Spike protein.  The native monoclonal antibody was generated by sequencing peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient exposed to the SARS-CoV.  The ELISA Plate was coated with the target proteins at 5 µg/ml. Primary antibodies were titrated on a 3-fold serial dilution starting at 125 ng/ml,  CoV-2 IgG S1 antibody recognises SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit 1 (aa 1-674), or 41.6 ng/ml CoV-2 IgG S1 antibody recognised spike protein from SARS-CoV (subunit 1, aa 1-666) and SARS-CoV-2 (subunit 1, aa 1-674). Secondary antibody anti-human IgG conjugated to HRP used in the assay, at 1:4000 concentration. This product was purified through Protein A affinity and avaiable in the formulation: 1mg/ml in PBS and 0.02% Proclin 300F.

Somatostatin is a peptide hormone that is produced by the hypothalamus and inhibits the release of growth hormones, stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas, and inhibits the release of glucagon from the pancreas. Somatostatin also has biological properties that inhibit neuronal death in combination therapy groups. It has been shown to have cell factor activity which may contribute to its antitumor activity. Somatostatin also has pro-apoptotic properties in vitro assays at physiological levels, making it an excellent target for cancer therapy.

MAL-dPEG®4-Acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. MAL-dPEG®4-Acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.

Suc-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-AMC is a high purity, monoclonal antibody that can be used as a research tool or as an inhibitor. It has been shown to inhibit ion channels and protein interactions. Suc-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-AMC is also known as a ligand for the receptor. It has been shown to activate the receptor and cause a change in the cell membrane permeability by increasing calcium flux, which leads to an increase in intracellular calcium levels. Suc-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-AMC is found in Cell Biology and Pharmacology research studies.

Z-Gly-Phe-NH2 is a peptide that inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome. It has been shown to inhibit enzyme preparations containing peptides and proteins, such as hydrogen bond formation, phase transition temperature, uptake, and inhibitory effect. This molecule may be used in biochemical or molecular studies of protein synthesis. The uptake of Z-Gly-Phe-NH2 can be inhibited by ouabain binding. Z-Gly-Phe-NH2 also has a ca2+ response when calcium ionophores are applied to Xenopus oocytes.

Fibronectin is an extracellular matrix protein that plays a critical role in cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. Fibronectin subunits are composed of repeating units of three types of modules: type I, type II, and type III. The active fragment of fibronectin refers to a small peptide sequence within the type III modules of fibronectin that has been shown to have potent biological activity.
The fibronectin active fragment, also known as the cell-binding domain or RGD domain, is a short peptide sequence consisting of the amino acid sequence Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD). This peptide sequence interacts with cell surface receptors known as integrins, which are important for mediating cell adhesion, migration, and signaling.
The fibronectin active fragment has been extensively studied as a research tool to investigate the mechanisms of cell adhesion and migration. It has also been used in tissue engineering applications to promote cell attachment and proliferation on synthetic biomaterials.

m-dPEG®7-Tosylate is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. m-dPEG®7-Tosylate is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.

Prolactin-Releasing Peptide (Rat) is a cyclic 18-amino acid peptide that is an inhibitor of the prolactin releasing hormone. It has been shown to have a high specificity for the prolactin releasing hormone receptor and has been used as a research tool in cell biology and pharmacology. This peptide can be used to study protein interactions, which may be due to its ability to act as an activator or ligand for receptors. Prolactin-Releasing Peptide (Rat) is also able to inhibit ion channels, such as voltage-gated potassium channels and calcium channels. This peptide can also be used to generate antibodies against the prolactin releasing hormone receptor.

Bis-dPEG®7-PFP Ester is a PEG polymer categorised as homobifunctional PEG (X-PEG X). Used as a linker, bis-dPEG®7-PFP Ester is used to attached PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, nanoparticles and small molecules via pegylation, a bioconjugation technique.

Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF) is a peptide hormone involved in the regulation of the neuroendocrine system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The hypothalamus releases CRF during stress and in turn CRF stimulates the production of stress hormones such as glucocorticoids and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). A negative feedback loop is created as glucocorticoids then prevents further endocrine activity exhibited by the pituitary gland and hypothalamus. Interestingly in patients with depression, it has been found that the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis is over stimulated thus increased production of CRF occurs resulting in depression symptoms. Furthermore studies have shown the expression of CRF receptors in glial cells and T-cells and elevated levels of CRF and glucocorticoids prevent T-cell proliferation. During stress cytokines can also stimulate the secretion of CRF. However CRF can also regulate these cytokines. CRF has the potential to be used in the research into depression treatments. 
This product is available as a 0.1mg vial.

Nojirimycin Bisulfite is a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis. It is a receptor-selective ligand that binds to the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, thereby inhibiting receptor signaling. Nojirimycin Bisulfite has also been shown to inhibit ion channels and ligand-gated ion channels. Nojirimycin Bisulfite has been shown to bind to both peptides and antibodies, which makes it a useful research tool for studying protein interactions.

IL-1α is a cytokine protein that has been shown to be involved in the immune system. IL-1α is an activator of the receptor and is also a ligand for it. The protein has been shown to activate ion channels, which are proteins that allow ions to pass through either by diffusion or by facilitated transport. This activation causes cells to produce more hydrogen ions, which leads to an increase in the acidity of the cell. IL-1α has also been shown to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis.

MAL-dPEG®4-Acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. MAL-dPEG®4-Acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.

Ac-Arg-OMe • HCl is a labile peptide that has been shown to be homologous to the human Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence. Ac-Arg-OMe • HCl is activated by trypsin and trypsin-like proteases, but inactivated by hemolytic activity and conformation. Ac-Arg-OMe • HCl is an enzyme substrate for peptidases such as trypsin and trypsin like proteases. It has been shown to be a molecule that interacts with various proteins, including hemoglobin.

Methionine-Enkephalin (ME) is a peptide that has been shown to bind to the opioid receptor and inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. ME has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on human liver cells, as well as on cultured human epidermal cells. ME may also have a role in epidermal growth factor receptors, which could be related to its anti-inflammatory effects.

Amino-dPEG®6-acid is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Amino-dPEG®6-acid is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.

m-dPEG®4-OH is a PEG polymer categorised as monofunctional (OH-PEG-X). Used as a linker, m-dPEG®4-OH is used to attached PEG to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, nanoparticles and small molecules via pegylation, a bioconjugation technique.

Xenin-25 is a peptide that is an activator of ion channels. It is used as a research tool and in antibody production to study the binding of antibodies to their receptors. Xenin-25 can be used to inhibit protein interactions, such as receptor-ligand or enzyme-substrate interactions. It has been shown to have pharmacological effects on ligand binding and ion channel activation, which may be due to its ability to bind to proteins with high affinity and specificity.