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CAS 57-41-0

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Phenytoin

Description:
Phenytoin, with the CAS number 57-41-0, is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used to manage epilepsy and prevent seizures. It is classified as a hydantoin derivative and is known for its ability to stabilize neuronal membranes and reduce the excitability of neurons. The chemical formula of phenytoin is C15H12N2O2, and it features a phenyl group attached to a hydantoin ring structure. Phenytoin is typically a white to off-white crystalline powder that is slightly soluble in water but more soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone. Its mechanism of action involves the modulation of sodium channels, which helps to prevent the spread of seizure activity in the brain. Phenytoin is often administered orally or intravenously and is known for its potential side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness, and gum hyperplasia. Due to its narrow therapeutic index, careful monitoring of blood levels is essential to avoid toxicity and ensure effective treatment.
Formula:C15H12N2O2
InChI:InChI=1S/C15H12N2O2/c18-13-15(17-14(19)16-13,11-7-3-1-4-8-11)12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10H,(H2,16,17,18,19)
InChI key:InChIKey=CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES:O=C1C(NC(=O)N1)(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3
Synonyms:
  • 2,4-Imidazolidinedione, 5,5-diphenyl-
  • 5,5-Diphenyl-1H-imidazolidine-2,4-dione
  • 5,5-Diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione
  • 5,5-Diphenylimidazoline-2,4-dione
  • Aleviatin
  • DPH
  • Denyl
  • Di-Hydan
  • Di-Lan
  • Dihycon
  • See more synonyms
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