Amino Acid Derivatives

<p>A highly amyloidogenic region of lactoferrin.</p>

<p>Suc-AEPF-AMC, fluorogenic substrate for the peptidylprolyl isomerase Pin1.</p>

<p>This biotinylated LHRH derivative has been used in a functional analysis of the LHRH receptor ligand binding.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4096115.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4030725.</p>

<p>(Leu¹³)-Motilin (human, porcine) has been shown to produce an excitory response in the chicken gastrointestinal tract with a different sensitivity from region to region. The mechanisms of action were different between the proventriculus and the intestinal segments. The motilin analog contracted the intestinal segments by direct action on the smooth muscle cells whereas in the proventriculus it caused contraction and enhancement of electrical field stimulation-induced response through an action on the intramural cholinergic neurons.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4041119.</p>

<p>The lipopeptide FSL-1, synthesized on the basis of the N-terminal structure of a M. salivarium lipoprotein, is capable of inducing the cell surface expression of ICAM-1 in human gingival fibroblasts. It furthermore revealed an activity to induce production of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-8. FSL-1 also activated macrophages to produce tumor necrosis factor alpha. Overall, results by Okusawa and coworkers suggest that the diacylglyceryl and the peptide portions of FSL-1 are indispensable for the expression of biological activities and for the recognition by Toll-like receptors 2 and 6. Furthermore, the same authors conclude that the recognition of FSL-1 by Toll-like receptors 2 and 6 apparently is hydrophobic.</p>

<p>In contrast to the encephalitogenic rat homolog, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (35-55) (human) does not appear to be a major T-cell epitope in multiple sclerosis propably due to its lower amount of helical structure formed when dissolved in micellar sodium dodecyl sulfate, a membrane mimicking solvent.</p>

<p>Short peptides containing two disulfide bridges can form interconvertible topoisomers with the same disulfide connectivity. In case of uroguanylin (UGN), both are relatively stable and can be separated, and interconversion is slow. The topoisomers differ in biological activity: The UGN A topomer potently activates the guanylate cyclase C receptor found primarily in the intestine. The B topomer is a very weak agonist of this receptor. Moss et al. could show that UGN B has potent natriuretic activity in the kidney.</p>

<p>Potential impurity of exenatide.</p>

<p>Degradation product of oxytocin.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4007396.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4099858.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4097932.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4097460.</p>

<p>This 25 residue peptide was completely resistant to proteolysis by cathepsin B even after incubation overnight. It inhibited human cathepsin B with Ki = 2.8 µM and rat cathepsin B with Ki = 2 µM.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4095528.</p>

<p>CA074, a potent inhibitor specific for cathepsin B in vitro (IC₅₀= 2.24 nM for rat liver cathepsin B) and in vivo.</p>

<p>This NPY analog is a highly potent and selective ligand for Y₁ receptors in different cell lines and tissues. It has therefore been used to detect the NPY/PYY receptor subtype distribution, e.g., in rat brain. The peptide is also active in vivo, showing an even higher potency than NPY in increasing blood pressure in anesthetized rats.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4012218.</p>

<p>Main degradation product of NPY in serum and Y2/Y5 receptor agonist.</p>

<p>WFYpSPR-pNA, chromogenic substrate for Pin1, an essential and conserved mitotic peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase), that specifically recognizes the phosphoserine-proline bonds present in mitotic phosphoproteins (kcat/Km = 20160 mM⁻¹s⁻¹).</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4095647.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4011240.</p>

<p>Cyclolinopeptide B has been isolated from the seeds of Linum usitatissimum. It showed potent immunosuppressive activity comparable with that of cyclosporin A.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate for trypsin and papain.</p>

<p>Z-LLY-α-keto aldehyde (peptidyl glyoxal), previously shown to be an excellent inhibitor of the serine and cysteine proteases, was found to be an excellent inhibitor of the chymotryptic-like activity of proteasome exhibiting a Ki value of approximately 3.0 nM. Such inhibitor might be valuable in the characterization of the role of proteasome in normal and aberrant pathways of protein catabolism in the cell.</p>

<p>Phe-CMK, inhibitor of gramicidin S synthetase 2.</p>

<p>Bachem ID: 4095648.</p>

<p>The peptide RVL-psi[CH2NH]FEA-Nle-amide containing a reduced peptide bond was found to be a competitive inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease (Ki = 50 nM).</p>

<p>The TNF-α antagonist WP9QY inhibited TNF-α mediated apoptosis and exhibited an IC₅₀ of 5 µM in the binding assay. YCWSQYLCY is the smallest peptidomimetic developed to date that might be used as a lead compound for the next generation of non-peptidic inhibitors. The name WP9QY arises from the binding to the site observed in the TNF-β/TNF-receptor(I) complex designated WP9 and the introduction of the amino acids Gln and Tyr.</p>

<p>Lysyl-tyrosyl-lysine is a bioactive chemical.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-(benzylamino)-3-hydroxypropanoate, catalog number T66013 and CAS number 144001-42-3, is a valuable organic compound for life sciences research.</p>

<p>Fmoc-HoCys(ACM)-OH is an amino acid derivative and has a wide range of applications in life science related research.</p>

<p>Fmoc-1-methyl-L-histidine is a valuable organic compound for life sciences research (Catalog No.: T66680, CAS: 202920-22-7).</p>

<p>L-N-Benzylserine is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T65056 and the CAS number is 17136-45-7.</p>

<p>N-Hippuryl-His-Leu hydrate is a synthetic inhibitor that binds to the active site of mitochondrial ATP synthase and blocks the synthesis of ATP. This molecule has shown an inhibitory effect on the mitochondrial membrane potential, which may be due to its inhibition of ATP synthesis. N-Hippuryl-His-Leu hydrate also inhibits hydrochloric acid and galactose induced angiotensin II formation in rat vascular tissues. It has been used as a pharmaceutical preparation for the treatment of high blood pressure, however it does not have any biological properties that are related to uronic acid or blood pressure regulation.</p>