Other Inhibitors

<p>1,2-Dioleoyl-3-decanoyl-rac-glycerol, a triacylglycerol, features oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions and decanoic acid at the sn-3 position. This compound has been identified in date seed oil.</p>

<p>Lithium citrate decreases elevated intracerebral N-acetyl aspartate levels in Canavan disease [1].</p>

<p>WAY-381644 is an active molecule.</p>

<p>12-oxo-9(Z)-Dodecenoic acid, an ω-oxoacid metabolite derived from the ω-6 PUFA linoleic acid and the ω-3 PUFA α-linolenic acid, is synthesized in plants through</p>

<p>Bcl-2-IN-16 is a Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) inhibitor [1].</p>

<p>STAT6-IN-1: STAT6 inhibitor, IC50=0.028 µM, targets SH2 domain, for allergy and cancer research.</p>

<p>1-Piperidineethanol, alpha-(5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-isoxazolyl)- is a bioactive chemical.</p>

<p>RXFP1 receptor agonist-1 (Example 2), an agonist of the RXFP1 receptor, suppresses cAMP production in HEK293 cells that constitutively express the human RXFP1,</p>

<p>hUP1-IN-1 potassium (compound 6a), a hUP1 inhibitor, demonstrates inhibitory activity with Ki and Kis values of 375 nM and 635 nM, respectively. It achieves 70% inhibition of hUP1-catalyzed reactions at a concentration of 1 μM. This compound is utilized in cancer research [1].</p>

<p>Compound 133, also known as Anti-osteoporosis agent-7, is a potential anti-osteoporosis agent that exhibits significant inhibition of osteoclast formation.</p>

<p>6-N-Phthalimidoy hexanoic acid (compound FH) is a hapten featuring a carboxyl group at its spacer arm terminus, facilitating reaction with proteins' free amine groups. This compound is capable of conjugation with carrier proteins for use in antigen design [1].</p>

<p>SNJ-1945: Calpain inhibitor, enhances retinal penetration, oral bioavailability, long half-life, protects cells, solubility.</p>

<p>A 53693 is a rigid catecholamine and a selective adrenergic agonist. A 53693 has affinity to certain alpha receptor subtypes in rat alpha-2 receptors.</p>

<p>PAN12314 (Compound 5a) is a 5-HT4R partial agonist with cognition-enhancing effects in animals, lacking a formal name.</p>

<p>RP-52770 is a bioactive chemical.</p>

<p>HIV Peptide T (Peptide T), this synthetic octapeptide is an antiviral drug in the treatment of HIV infection.</p>

(2R,3S)-E1R, an enantiomer of E1R, is a sigma-1 receptor modulator for treating cognitive disorders.

<p>Amedalin is a biochemical.</p>

<p>Himbacine is a muscarine receptor antagonist.</p>

<p>N-(3-Fluorophenyl)-3-(4-oxo-5-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)propanamide is a chemical compound with biological activity.</p>

<p>NSC15520 is an RPA inhibitor that inhibits helical destabilization of double-stranded DNA oligonucleotides and can be used to study DNA damage repair.</p>

<p>AP-C7 is a selective inhibitor of cGMP-dependent protein kinase II (cGKII) with a pIC50 value of 5.0, demonstrating only weak inhibition of cGKII-dependent</p>

<p>Thymidine-5’-O-(α,β-methylene)diphosphate (TMP-CP), a hydrolytically stable derivative of TDP, functions as an inhibitor of thymidine kinase (Ki = 23 µM).</p>

<p>JAK2 inhibitor; IC50=397 nM; hampers STAT3/5 phosphorylation; curbs growth and triggers apoptosis in JAK2V617F+ cells.</p>

<p>SOCLAC, a derivative of the acid ceramidase inhibitor SABRAC, functions as an irreversible inhibitor of acid ceramidase with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 40.2 nM.</p>

<p>RB 104 is a potent inhibitor of EC 3.4.24.11 that is used to detect nanogram quantities of the enzyme by inhibitor gel electrophoresis.</p>

<p>9-Keto Fluprostenol Isopropyl Ester, an ester derivative of the FP receptor agonist fluprostenol, undergoes oxidation at carbon 9. This compound serves as a potential prodrug for 9-keto fluprostenol, which may function as an agonist at EP receptors. Additionally, it is considered a possible metabolite of fluprostenol isopropyl ester (travoprost), drawing parallels to the metabolism of latanoprost by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase observed in monkey cornea. Furthermore, certain F-series prostaglandins, such as 6-keto prostaglandin F1α (PGF1α), undergo conversion to their E-series counterparts in isolated human platelets, highlighting a metabolic pathway of relevance.</p>

<p>RCB16007 is a Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) inhibitor that also demonstrates inhibitory action against the West Nile virus with an effective concentration (EC50) of</p>

<p>UK 55444 is a potent calcium antagonist.</p>

<p>19(R)-hydroxy Prostaglandin E2 (19(R)-hydroxy PGE2), present in the semen of primates, including humans, acts as a potent smooth muscle relaxant and is a selective agonist for the EP2 receptor. It exhibits an EC50 value of 200 nM for relaxing cat tracheal rings that express EP2 receptors.</p>

<p>BAY-320 is a Bub1 inhibitor. With an IC50 of 680 nM for human Bub1 in the presence of 2 mM ATP.</p>

<p>Piribedil N-oxide, a metabolite of the dopamine receptor agonist piribedil, represents a chemical compound involved in the metabolic processing of its parent compound, piribedil.</p>

<p>STING Agonist-18 (Compound 1a) is a precursor for the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), including Trastuzumab conjugates [1].</p>

<p>DORA 42 is a dual antagonist of the orexin receptor OX1R and OX2R.</p>

<p>Compound 6k, also known as Anti-hepatic fibrosis agent 2, is an orally active inhibitor of the COL1A1 enzyme and exerts anti-fibrogenic effects by targeting the</p>

<p>1-Oleoyl-3-arachidoyl-rac-glycerol is a diacylglycerol with oleic acid at the sn-1 position and arachidic acid at the sn-3 position.</p>

<p>1,3-Dioleoyl-2-linoleoyl glycerol, a triacylglycerol, features oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions and linoleic acid at the sn-2 position. This compound is a prominent species in butterfat and is present in A. trifoliata seed oil (ASO), along with smaller amounts in its physical blends and interesterified products.</p>

<p>AP-24567 is a CYP3A4-mediated metabolite.</p>

<p>1,2-Diarachidoyl-rac-glycerol is a diacylglycerol featuring arachidic acid at both the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-16 (compound 33) functions as an inhibitor of ICMT, demonstrating inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) efficacy at 0.131 μM [1].</p>

<p>β-Catenin modulator-1 (IIa-650) is a useful agent in cancer research for modulating β-Catenin [1].</p>

<p>1-Palmitoyl-2-succinyl-sn-glycerophosphorylcholine, a glycerophosphorylcholine derivative, comprises glycerol phosphate, choline, and palmitic acid and</p>

<p>M084 hydrochloride, a TRPC4/5 channel blocker, exhibits IC50 values of 10.3 μM and 8.2 μM, respectively. This compound is noted for its antidepressant and anxiolytic effects [1] [2].</p>

BMS-433771 dihydrochloride hydrate is a potent oral RSV inhibitor, affects groups A & B, with a 20 nM EC50, used in respiratory disease research.

<p>DGKζ-IN-3 is an inhibitor of diacylglycerol kinase zeta (DGK-ζ), employed in the treatment of both liquid and solid cancers, as well as other diseases regulated</p>

<p>SHP2-IN-20 (compound 193), a potent SHP2 inhibitor, exhibits an IC50 of 3 nM, making it suitable for glioblastoma research [1].</p>

<p>Aceratioside is a new tetralin glucoside. It may have antineoplastic activity.</p>

<p>XR3054 is a farnesyl protein transferase inhibitor that blocks proliferation in certain cancer cells, not dependent on ras mutation status.</p>

<p>8(R),11(S)-DiHODE, a fungal oxylipin identified in various Aspergillus species, is synthesized through the isomerization of an 8(R)-HpODE intermediate during linoleic acid oxidation.</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-47 (compound 26) acts as an ICMT inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.76 μM [1].</p>

<p>Zofenoprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE; IC50 = 8 nM for rabbit lung enzyme) inhibitor and the active metabolite of the prodrug zofenopril,</p>

<p>ICMT-IN-20 (compound 54) serves as an ICMT inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.682 μM [1].</p>

<p>ZINC08792229 is a novel inhibitor of SIRT1.</p>

<p>CFI-401980 is a potent and selective, novel class of TTK inhibitor.</p>

Amelparib (JPI-289) is an inhibitor of the poly-ADP-ribose polymerase.

<p>MK-3901 is a P2X3 antagonist.</p>

<p>Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), endogenous lipids influenced by fasting and high-fat diets, are linked to improved insulin sensitivity in mice. These molecules consist of a C-16 or C-18 fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) bonded to a C-16 or C-18 hydroxy fatty acid. A specific FAHFA, 5-POHSA, features palmitoleic acid esterified with hydroxy stearic acid at the 5th carbon. Elevated levels of 5-POHSA in the serum of AG4OX mice, which express high levels of the Glut4 glucose transporter in adipose tissue, correlate with glucose tolerance. Like other FAHFAs that enhance glucose tolerance, stimulate insulin secretion, and exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, 5-POHSA may play a role in managing metabolic syndrome and inflammation.</p>

<p>3-Hydroxy Nonanoic Acid, a hydroxylated fatty acid, is present in the young peridioles of Pisolithus fungi, LPS of P. aeruginosa, bovine milk, and the methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers synthesized by P. oleovorans [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1725].</p>

<p>O-2545 is a potent water-soluble central cannabinoid (CB1) and peripheral cannabinoid (CB2) receptor agonist with Ki values of 1.5 and 0.32 nM, respectively. Typically, cannabinoid agonists are highly lipophilic and require solubilization through surfactant agents or binding to water miscible substances like albumin, Tween 80, or Emulphor for use. When dissolved in saline, O-2545 has shown high efficacy in mouse behavioral models, administered either intravenously or intracerebroventricularly.</p>

<p>Giminabant is an antagonist of cannabinoid receptor antagonist (veterinary use).</p>

Ro 24-5098 is an anti-HIV inhibitory effects of isoddA pronucleotides.

<p>AP-C4 is a selective inhibitor targeting guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase II (cGKII), exhibiting a pIC50 value of 5.2.</p>

<p>Activated T Subunit is employed in synthesizing exon-jumping oligomer conjugates that target specific sites within the human anti-muscular atrophy protein gene</p>

<p>DuP-532, an angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist, is used potentially for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.</p>

<p>DGKα&amp;ζ-IN-1 (Compound II) is an inhibitor targeting DGK that potentiates T-cell function and exhibits a synergistic interaction with PD-1, offering therapeutic</p>

<p>RO116-9132/238 is a bioactive chemical.</p>

<p>JWH-176 is a cannabimimetic indene hydrocarbon, exhibiting high affinity for the central cannabinoid (CB1) receptor (Ki= 26 nM), originally synthesized to investigate hydrogen bonding and aromatic stacking's roles in CB1 receptor docking studies. Intended for forensic and research applications, this compound's design facilitates the exploration of CB1 receptor interactions.</p>

<p>5-Methoxy DET, a synthetic tryptamine designer drug, structurally resembles the potent hallucinogen N,N-DMT. It inhibits serotonin uptake (IC50 of 2.4 µM) and activates 5-HT2A receptors (EC50 of 8.11 nM). This compound is designed for forensic and research applications.</p>

<p>1,3-Dioleoyl-2-octanoyl glycerol, a triacylglycerol, features oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions and octanoic acid at the sn-2 position. Its utility lies in the characterization of R. oryzae lipase functionality, specifically for regiodistribution analysis of fats that comprise medium- and short-chain fatty acids.</p>

<p>Ebio1, a selective activator of the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNQ2, enhances channel conductance by promoting the formation of an expanded gate at a saturation voltage of +50 mV, leading to increased channel activity [1].</p>

<p>MDL-104168 is a macrocyclic HIV-protease inhibitor.</p>

<p>AGN-201904Z is a slow-release, acid-resistant pro-PPI that turns into omeprazole, offering extended acid suppression.</p>

<p>WAY-299765 is an active molecule.</p>

<p>AZD8926, a GSK3β inhibitor, may treat Alzheimer's, schizophrenia, and neurodegenerative diseases.</p>

<p>GGTI 2133, a peptidomimetic inhibitor of geranylgeranyl transferase type I (GGTase I; IC50= 38 nM), exhibits 140-fold selectivity towards GGTase I compared to farnesyltransferase (IC50= 5,400 nM). The compound effectively inhibits the geranylgeranylation of RAP1A (IC50= 10 µM) without affecting the farnesylation of H-Ras (IC50= &gt;30 µM). Moreover, GGTI 2133 reduces the growth, migration, and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC) cells to 75, 45, and 27% of control levels, respectively. When administered intraperitoneally at 5 mg/kg per day, it prevents eosinophil infiltration into the airways in a mouse model of allergic bronchial asthma, although it does not reduce chemokine levels. Additionally, GGTI 2133 thwarts naloxone-induced contraction of ileum in rats experiencing morphine withdrawal syndrome and mitigates the severity of withdrawal symptoms in vivo (ED50= 0.076 mg/kg).</p>

<p>RORγt modulator 4 is a RORγt modulator that regulates IL-17A production activity in cells derived from mouse spleen.</p>

<p>Descarbonyl-lacosamide is a potential impurity in commercial lacosamide preparations. It is a degradation product that forms under acidic conditions.</p>

<p>SARS-CoV-2/MERS Mpro-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of the main proteases of SARS-CoV-2 and MERS, demonstrating IC50 values of 0.21 and 0.07 µM, respectively.</p>

58-G3 is an agonist of methuselah (Mth)-specific that acts by inducing dose-dependent calcium elevation and membrane translocation of β-arrestin2.

<p>WAY-608119 is an active molecule.</p>

<p>15-epiProstaglandin A1 (15-epiPGA1) is an R-stereoisomer of PGA1, belonging to the A-series prostaglandins derived from gorgonian soft corals. PGA1 is known for its effects on renal vasodilation, promoting sodium excretion through urine, and reducing arterial pressure in hypertensive individuals. However, the specific biological activities of 15-epiPGA1 have not yet been documented in published reports.</p>

<p>PF-07059013, an orally active and potent noncovalent modulator of sickled hemoglobin (HbS), specifically binds to Hb with nanomolar affinity and demonstrates</p>

<p>C-6 NBD-dihydro-Ceramide, a biologically active, fluorescent analog of short-chain ceramides, features membrane permeability.</p>

<p>RXFP1 receptor agonist-4 (Example 268) is an agonist for the RXFP1 receptor, demonstrated to suppress cAMP production in HEK293 cells that stably express the</p>

<p>NB-506 Free Base is an indolocarbazole antitumor agent; a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor.</p>

<p>NIP-101 is a potent calcium antagonist.</p>

<p>TLR7/8 agonist 9 (Compound 25a), exhibiting EC50 values of 40 nM and 23 nM for hTLR7 and hTLR8 respectively, demonstrates anti-tumor properties and enhances the</p>

<p>Sunepitron Free Base, a 5-HT1A agonist/α₂-antagonist, halted in Phase III for depression/anxiety.</p>

<p>11(Z),14(Z),17(Z)-Eicosatrienoic acid methyl ester is the ester derivative of 11(Z),14(Z),17(Z)-eicosatrienoic acid, identified within lipid-producing microalgae Nannochloropsis, as well as in diesel-contaminated soils and residential wastewater.</p>

<p>NT113: ERBB inhibitor, penetrates brain, hinders GBM growth (high EGFR/EGFRvIII), targets ERBB/Akt phosphorylation in vivo/in vitro.</p>

<p>Myrothecine A, a trichothecene mycotoxin discovered in M. roridum, exhibits anticancer properties. It effectively inhibits the proliferation of various cancer cell lines, specifically A549, MCF-7, HepG2, and SMMC-7721, with IC50 values of 95, 70, 60, and 25 µM, respectively. At a concentration of 50 µM, Myrothecine A induces G1 cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells and promotes apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells by elevating levels of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, -5, and -8.</p>

<p>CP-5609 is a new class of carbapenems with enhanced antimicrobial activity.</p>

<p>Valsartan acid, a byproduct of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist Valsartan, emerges through the activated sludge treatment process and has been identified as a contaminant in drinking water.</p>

<p>Indium (III) thiosemicarbazone 5b is an anticancer compound demonstrating cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines including A549, MCF-7 breast, cisplatin-resistant MCF-7/DDP breast, and Hl 7702 liver cancer cells, with IC50 values of 2.41, 1.97, 2.11, and 8.95 µM, respectively. It effectively lowers PI3K, Akt, mTOR, P-gp, and GSH levels in MCF-7/DDP cells. In vivo studies show that at a dosage of 2.5 µmol/kg, indium (III) thiosemicarbazone 5b significantly reduces tumor weight and volume in MCF-7/DDP mouse xenograft models. Furthermore, liposomes formulated with this compound promote apoptosis and pro-death autophagy in MCF-7/DDP cells, alongside notable reductions in tumor volume and weight, showcasing its potential as a therapeutic agent in cancer treatment.</p>

<p>Crisdesalazine (AAD 2004) is an inhibitor of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1).</p>

<p>BMS-332 is a dual inhibitor of the lipid kinases DGKα and DGKζ, demonstrating half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 0.005 μM for DGKα and 0.001 μM</p>

<p>5(6)-DiHET is a racemic compound synthesized through the action of epoxide hydrolases on 5(6)-EET, encompassing both enantiomeric forms. It serves as a quantitative marker for 5(6)-EET, facilitating its measurement by utilizing the compound's conversion to 5(6)-δ-lactone in solution. Additionally, 5(6)-DiHET activates large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa1.1/BK) channels in rat small coronary artery smooth muscle cells, supporting its biological significance in vascular regulation. It also acts as a substrate for sheep seminal vesicle COX, leading to the in vitro production of 5,6-dihydroxy prostaglandin E1 and F1α metabolites. Notably, its levels diminish in the plasma of rats subjected to a high-fat diet, indicating a potential role in the pathophysiology of hyperlipidemia.</p>

<p>PDS-MMAE (Compound 5') is a modified version of MMAE, designed for the synthesis of conjugates that bind to neurotensin receptors [1].</p>

<p>Fluocortin butyl ester is a topical corticosteroid without systemic effects, effective in treating perennial rhinitis.</p>

<p>Me-Indoxam is an inhibitor of sPLA2. It has no effect on arachidonic acid release and platelet activating factor synthesis.</p>

<p>DDR1/2 Inhibitor-2 (Example 31) serves as an inhibitor of DDR1/DDR2, exhibiting IC50 values below 100 nM.</p>

<p>XY-4, a derivative of 1-palmitoyl lysophosphatidic acid (1-palmitoyl LPA094) and an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), effectively</p>

<p>Advantame, an aspartame analog, serves as a non-caloric artificial sweetener frequently utilized as a food additive [1].</p>

<p>Zaldaride (free base) is a calmodulin antagonist.</p>