Toxicology

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications (αS)​-​rel-α-​(4-​Chlorophenyl)​-​α-​[(1R)​-​1-​cyclopropylethyl]​-​1H-​1,​2,​4-​triazole-​1-​ethanol is a diastereomer of Cyproconazole (C989070), a fungicide treatment for wood preservative that prevents decay from fungi in above-ground applications.
References Aiello, D., et al.: Plant. Disease., 97, 37 (2013); Bakirci, G.T., et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 1901 (2012); Sugitate, K., et al.: J. Pesticides. Sci., 37, 148 (2012);

Applications 2,5-Dichlorophenol-d3 is the labelled analogue of 2,5-Dichlorophenol (D436105), which is an intermediates in the manufacture of more complex chemical compounds such as fungicides.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Wang, F., et al.: Bull. Enviro. Contamin. Toxicol., 89, 316 (2012); Zhong, W., et al.: J. Hazard. Mat., 217, 286 (2012);

Applications Protected Morphine metabolite.

Applications Phenamacril is a fungicide.
References Tang, L., et al.: Synthesis, 46, 1621-1629 (2014);

Applications O6-Methyl-7,8-dihydro-6-isomorphine is an impurity of Hydromorphone(H714650), an analgesic(narcotic).
References Buchwald, M.E., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 71, 197 (1941), Zernig, G., et al.: Life Sci., 57, 2113 (1995), Keith, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 271, 19021 (1996), Pawar, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 563, 92 (2007)

Applications 2'-O-Methyl-d3 Paclitaxel is a labeled analogue of 2'-O-Methyl Paclitaxel (M326135), a potential cytotoxic agent.
References Kant, J., et. al.: Bioorg. med. Chem. Lett., 3, 2471 (1993)

Applications Fluoxetine (F597100) derivative. A stereoselective inhibitorof serotonin re-uptake and phosphodiesterase. Potential antidepressants
References Cashman, J. et al.: Bioorgan Med. Chem. 17, 337 (2009)

Applications Selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. A restricted use pesticide.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Bradford, D., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 4609 (2010), Trtic-Petrovic, T., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 397, 2233 (2010), Stewart, C., et al.: Weed Biol. Man., 10, 40 (2010),

Applications 2,2'-((6,6'-(2,4-Di(pyridin-2-yl)cyclobutane-1,3-diyl)bis(1H-indazole-6,3-diyl))bis(sulfanediyl))bis(N-methylbenzamide) is an impurity of Axitinib (A794650), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Axitinib is used in cancer therapy.
References Wasser, K., et al.: Eur. Radiol., 13, 80 (2003), Park, J., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 8, 1172 (2002), Bergers, G., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 111, 1287 (2003),

Applications Mepanipyrim is an anilinopyrimidine fungicide which have been used in the management of fungal diseases in strawberries.
References Tetada, M., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 154, 1 (1999); Hauke, K., et al.: Commun. Agri. Appl. Biol. Sci., 69, 743 (2004);

Applications Cholinesterase inhibitor. Use as systemic insecticide, acaricide, nematocide. Used in Pesticide detection.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Dorough, W.H., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 16, 319 (1968),

Applications Metoxuron is used as a herbicide.
References Navarro, Simon, et al.: J. of Agric. and Food Chem., 60(21), 5279-5286 (2012);Zhang, Rong, et al.: Sepu, 36(12), 1228-1237 (2018)

Applications Labelled metabolite of Flurbiprofen (F598700).
References Van Breemen, R., et al.: Drug Metab. Disposition, 14, 197 (1986), Spraul, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 11, 1009 (1993),

Applications Forchlorfenuron-d5 is the labeled analogue of Forchlorfenuron (F691050), a diphenylurea-derivative cytokinin. Forchlorfenuronis is used as a plant growth regulator (PGR). Forchlorfenuronis is commonly used in horticulture to stimulate the growth of kiwi fruit and grapes.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Iwahori, S. et al.: Sci. Horticult., 35, 109 (1988); Peppi, M.C. et al.: Horscience, 43, 173 (2008); Woolley, D. et al.: Acta Horticult., 727, 291 (2005)

Applications L-Carnitine-15N is an isotopically labelled analog of L-Carnitine (C184110), which is an essential cofactor of fatty acid metabolism; required for the transport of fatty acids through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Synthetized primarily in the liver and kidney; highest concentrations found in heart and skeletal muscle.
References Mitchell, M.E., et al.: Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 31, 293 (1978); Lango, R., et al.: Cardiovasc. Res., 51, 21 (2001);Vaz, F.M., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 361, 417 (2002);Karlic, H., et al.: Nutr. J., 20, 709 (2004)

Applications Isopentyl Carnitine Inner Salt is used in the formation of lipids and barriers as well as being a derivative of L-carnitine, used in the diagnosis of metabolic diseases
References Paul, H. et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2000), WO 2000004870 A2 20000203; Yang, S. et l.: J. Chrom. B., Anal. Tech. Biomed. Life Sci., 857, 251 (2007);

Applications 8-Chloro-6-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine-3-carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester is an imidazodiaepine derivative and an impurity of Midazolam (M343000), an anesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative and hypotic agent.

Applications Labelled Testosterone ester.
References Ruelle, P., et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 157, 219 (1997), de la Torre, X., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 24, 645 (2001), Adat, S., et al.: Lett. Drug Des. Discov., 1, 334 (2004),

Applications Clemizole Hydrochloride inhibits Hepatitis C RNA replication in cell culture through the suppression of the binding between the nonstructural protein 4B and the viral RNA genome with little toxicity for the host cell. Clemizole Hydrochloride is also a potent inhibitor of transient receptor potential channel TRPC5.
References Einav, S., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 26, 1019 (2008); Richter, J. M., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 86, 514 (2014)

Applications 3,5-Dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile-2,6-d2 (CAS# 1219798-95-4) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.

Applications Desaminosulfonyl N-Acetyl-dorzolamide is an intermediate in the synthesis of Dorzolamide N-Sulfonamide Dimer (D535110), which is a by-product from in-process test for synthesis of dorzolamide hydrochloride.
References Thomas, S., et al.: At-Process, 2, 432 (1997)

Impurity Ritonavir EP Impurity O
Applications 4-epi-Ritonavir (Ritonavir EP Impurity O) is an isomer of Ritonavir (R535000), a selective HIV protease inhibitor. It is a COVID19-related research product.
References Daluge, S., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 38, 1590 (1994), Ammaranond, P., et al.: J. Clin. Virol., 26, 153 (2003), Harrigan, P., et al.: J. Infect. Dis., 191, 339 (2005), Miller, J., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 16, 1788(2006)

Applications L-Xylose is part of the chemical profile of a polysaccharide extracted in aquatic life that shows anti-viral activites against herpes simplex virus 1 & 2 as well as influenza A virus. This is the L-[13C5]Xylose labeled analog.
References Lee, J.B. et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bullet., 29, 2135 (2006);

Impurity Abacavir EP Impurity E
Applications (1R,3S)-3-[2-Amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl]cyclopentanemethanol (Abacavir EP Impurity E) is an impurity of Abacavir (A104990). Abacavir is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.
References (1) Jackson, A., et al.: Antivir Ther. 17, 19 (2012) (2) Yuen, G. J., et al.: Clin Pharmacokinet. 47, 351 (2008)

Applications 9-(2-Hydroxypropyl)adenine-13C5 is an intermediate used in the synthesis of rac Tenofovir-13C5 (>90%) (T018501), which is he isotope labelled analog of Tenofovir (T018500); an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Also used as an anti-HIV agent and antiviral.
References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997); Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005); Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006); Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007)

Applications A bioequivalent prodrug of the DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor Etoposide (E933750). Antineoplastic used in the treatment of a wide variety of hematological malignancies and solid tumors.
References Kaul, S. et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 13, 2835 (1995); J. Pharmakin. Biopharmac., 24, 313 (1996); Brooks, D.J. et al.: Anti-Cancer Drugs, 6, 637 (1995);

Applications Endothall-3,4,4,5,5,6-d6 Monohydrate (CAS# 1276197-30-8) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Intermedine is an unsaturated monoester pyrrolizidine alkaloid that is extracted from the seeds of Amsinckia intermedia, a tarweed that causes enzootic hepatic cirrhosis in horses and hard liver disease in cattle. Intermedine is also a diastereomer of Lycopsamine (L487525), a pyrrolizidine alkaloid that is found in honey and in comfrey (a topical anti-inflammatory agent used to treat patients with arthritis and gout).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Culvenor, C., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 29 958 (1981); Janes, D., et al.: Nat. Prod. Comm., 7, 861 (2012); Li, Y. & Stermitz, F.: J. Nat. Prod., 51, 1289 (1988); McCulloch, E.: Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 96, 5 (1940); Pawar, R., et al.: J. Sep. Sci., 33, 200 (2010)

Applications 4-Methyl-1,2,3-Thiadiazole-5-Carboxylic Acid (cas# 18212-21-0) is a useful research chemical.

Applications N-Deethoxymethyl Chlorfenapyr is a primary metabolite of Chlorfenapyr (C428500). Chlorfenapyr is a halogenated pyrrole based pro-insecticide. Chlorfenapyr functions by metabolizing into an active insecticide after entering the host. Chlorfenapyr is used primarily as a means of pest control on cotton.
References Lovell, J.B. et al.: Bright. Crop Prot. Pests Dis., 1, 37 (1990); Wier, A.T. et al.: J. Agric. Entemol., 11, 311 (1994); Black, B.C. et al.: Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 50, 115 (1994); Albers, P. H., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 25, 438 (2006)

Applications 4-Chloro-2-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidine, is an intermediate used for the synthesis of some novel pyrimidine derivatives, having antifungal activities.
References Sun, L., et al.: Molecules, 16, 5618 (2011);

Applications Intermediate in the preparation of corticosteroids.

Applications Antihistaminic.
References Casy, A.F., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 22, 270 (1970),

Applications Tetrabromobisphenol S Dimethyl Ether-d6 is the isotope labelled analog of Tetrabromobisphenol S Dimethyl Ether (T291115); a useful insecticide against house flies and sugar beet aphids. Also found in coating mixtures used for fireproofing of polyester fibers.
References Pisanenko, D. A., et al.: Vestn. Kievskogo Politekhnicheskogo Instituta Khimicheskoe Mashinostroenie i Tekhnologiya, 25, 79 (1988); Tomita, M., et al. Fireproofing of polyester fibers and their blends. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho. JP 54006996 A 19790119. Jan 19, 1979

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications An anlogue of β-Carotene (C184250). Decapreno-β-carotene is used as an internal standard for the quantification of the hydrocarbon carotenoids by HPLC.
References Hemley, R., et al.: Biophysical J., 20, 377 (1977), Taylor, R.F, et al.: Methods Enzymol., 67, 233 (1980),

Applications 5R,6R-Benzylpenicilloate Disodium Salt is a derivative of Benzyl Penicillinate Potassium Salt (B288601), which is an antibiotic substance produced by Penicillium sp. Antibacterial.
References Fleming, A., et al.: Br. J. Exp. Pathol., 10, 226 (1929), Clutterbuck, P.W., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 26, 1907 (1932), Chain, E., et al.: Lancet, 2, 226 (1940),

Applications ((2S,3S,4R,5S)-4-Fluoro-3-hydroxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl Benzoate is an impurity of antiviral drug Clevudine (C574150), which is used for the treatment of Hepatitis B.
References Kwon, S., et al.: J. Virol., 84, 4494 (2010); Daga, P., et al.: Protein Sci., 19, 796 (2010);

Applications 3-Acetyl-1-Boc-pyrrolidine is a boc protected reagent that is used for selective inhibitors of H. influenzae TrmD that mimic tRNA interaction by inducing TrmD lid domain ordering.
References Hill, P.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 7278 (2013);

Applications Propicillin, is a derivative of penicillin. Properties are similar to benzylpenicillin particularly used in streptococcal infections, not resistant to penicillinase.
References Fleming, A., et al.: Br. J. Exp. Pathol., 10, 226 (1929), Clutterbuck, P.W., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 26, 1907 (1932), Chain, E., et al.: Lancet, 2, 226 (1940),

Applications 2-[[3-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-5-yl]Methyl] Rizatriptan Benzoate is an impurity of the antimigraine drug rizatriptan benzoate.
References Sarma, P. S., et al.: Synth. Commun., 38, 603 (2008)

Applications A labelled metabolite of the antipsychotic drug Trifluoperazine (TFP). Also a labelled metabolite of Fluphenazine.
References Mahju, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 18, 2701 (1969), Breyer, U., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 63, 1842 (1974), Schmalzing, G., et al.: Drug Metab. Disp., 5, 104 (1977), Schmalzing, G., et al.: Xenobiotica, 8, 45 (1978),