Toxicology

Applications Herbicide.
References Oehler, D.D., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 28, 685 (1980),

Applications Azocyclotin is an organotin aracacide used in the control of mites. Azocyclotin showed weak antifeedant activity against other insects such as Spodoptera littoralis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Hammann, I. et al.: Pflanzensch.-Nach., 31, 61 (1978); Ascher, K.R.S.: Naturwissenschaften, 67, 312 (1980);

Applications N-Valerylglycine-13C2,15N is a labelled analogue of N-Valerylglycine (V091470).

Applications Delachlor is a herbicide for weed control.
References Klassen, M., et al.: J. Am. Soc. Sugar Beet Technol., 16, 552 (1971), Mishra, R. K., et al.: Pesticides, 22, 10 (1988)

Applications Acifluorfen-2-amino is a reduction product of Acifluorfen (A795248), a herbicide. Acifluorfen-2-amino is usually the first product in the degradation of Acifluorfen.
References Gennari, Mara, et al.: J. of Agri. and Food Chem., 42(5), 1232-6 (1994);Gooch, A. et al.: Env. Toxicol. Chem., 36, 2227 (2017)

Applications (+)-Nebivolol (N387896) metabolite.

Applications 2'-O-Benzoylpaclitaxel is a derivative of Paclitaxel (P132500) which has anticancer properties.
References Zhong, T., et al.: Bioconjugate Chem., 29, 437-444 (2018)

Applications Protected Morphine metabolite.

Applications (1S)-trans-Bifenthrin is an stereo isomer of B383000, which is a third generation synthetic pyrethroid. Insecticide, acaricide. Used in Pesticide detection
References Plummer, E.L., et al.: Pestic. Sci., 14, 560 (1983), Trumble, J.T., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 81, 608 (1988), Ross, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 71, 657 (2006), Hillegass, J., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 102, 413 (2008),

Applications 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide is the persistent metabolite of herbicide 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile (D431945).
References Li, H., et al.: Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 67, 122 (2003); Shedletzky, E., et al.: Plant Physiol., 94, 980 (1990)

Applications Propafenone-d5 Hydrochloride is the labeled analogue of Propafenone Hydrochloride (P757500), a sodium channel blocker. Antiarrhythmic (class IC).
References Hollmann, M., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 33, 763 (1983); Bryson, H. M., et al.:Drugs, 45, 85 (1993); Rae, A. P., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 82, 59N (1998)

Stability Very Hygroscopic
Applications 3-Methylglutarylcarnitine Chloride is the chloride salt of M226345, which is derived from DL-Carnitine Benzyl Ester Chloride (C184135), which is an intermediate in the synthesis of 3-Hydroxybutyrylcarnitine Hydrochloride (H830900), a reagent used to study acylcarnitine profile in thyroid disease.
References Hintze, U., et al.: Lipids., 10, 20 (1975)

Applications 3-(t-Butyldimethylsilyl)morphine N-Oxide is a by-product intermediate in synthesizing Morphinone N-Oxide ()M652352, a derivative of morphinone (M652350), which is a toxic metabolite of Morphine, a controlled substance.
References James, R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 221, 708 (1982); Yamano, S., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 260, 5259 (1985); Ishida, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 17, 77 (1989); Yamano, S., et al.: Xenobiotica, 27, 645 (1997)

Stability Aq. Solutions Cannot be Stored
Applications Phentolamine Methanesulfonate Salt is an adrenergic blocking agent. An antihypertensive. Used for the treatment of pheochromocytoma.
References Meier, R., et al.: Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 71, 70 (1949); Spergel, G., et al.: J. Am. Med. Assoc., 211, 266 (1970); Gould, L. and Reddy, C.V.R.: Am. Heart J., 92, 397 (1976);

Applications 2’,3’,4’-Tri-O-benzoyl Propofol-d17 β-D-Glucuronide Methyl Ester is an protected metabolite of Propofol (P829750), an anesthetic used in veternary medicine.
References Fujiwara, R., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 35, 747 (2007), Soars, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods, 47, 161 (2002),

Applications Thiophanate Ethyl-d10 is the isotope labelled analog of Thiophanate Ethyl; a systemic fungicide used in plant protection. Thiophanate Ethyl was shown to be effective against Botryotinia [ Sclerotinia] fuckeliana and Uncinula necator on grapevines, Mycosphaerella fragariae on strawberries, and powdery mildew of cucumber.
References Baicu, T., et al.: Analele Institutului de Cercetari pentru Protectia Plantelor, 8, 227 (1970)

Applications 1-Chloro-4-(chlorophenylmethyl)benzene is used in the synthesis of novel benzhydrylpiperazine derivatives as cytotoxic compounds in the treatment of various cancers.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Gurdal, E. et al.: Drug Res., 63, 121 (2013); Yarim, M. et al.: Int. J. Mol. Sci., 13, 8071 (2013);

Applications A labelled antihypertensive. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.
References Brown, N.L., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 148, 79 (1988), Kober, L., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 333, 1670 (1995), Malik, R.A., et al.: Lancet, 352, 1978 (1998)

Applications N-(Propyl(2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl)carbamoyl)formamide is a Prochloraz (P755280) metabolite.
References Needham, D., Challis, I.R.: Xenobiotica, 21, 1473 (1991); Debrauwer, L., et. al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 49, 3821 (2001)

Applications [4-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]carbamic Acid Methyl Ester is an intermediate in the synthesis of Indoxacarb (I654000), an oxadiazine pesticide that acts against lepidopteran larvae and is the active ingredient in a number of household insecticides including cockroach baits.
References Luo, M., et al.: Asian. J. Chem., 24, 5148 (2012);

Applications The D-threo isomer of Ethylphenidate, a metabolite of Methylphenidate (M325680). D-threo-Ethylphenidate is formed by metabolic transesterification of Methylphenidate and ethanol.
References Froimowitz, M. et al.: Struct. Chem., 9, 295 (1998); Patrick, K. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 2876 (2005);

Applications Ampicillin Desoxyazetidin-2-one can be used to develop HPLC methods that detect compounds or impurities related to ampicillin in bulk drug. Ampicillin Desoxyazetidin-2-one is a related compound of Ampicillin (A634300), a β-lactam antibiotic used for treating bacterial infection. Ampicillin interferes with cell wall synthesis in bacteria.
References Raju, Ch. B. V. N., et al.: Anal Chem : Ind J, 7, 354 (2008); Fisher, J. F., et al.: Chem. Rev. 105, 395 (2005); Sill, M. L., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 1551 (2008); Ivashkiv, E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. 2, 1 (1973)

Applications (3S)-10-(1-Aminocyclopropyl)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-7-one is an impurity and degredation product of Pazufloxacin, a fluorinated quinolone antibiotic.
References Demachi, Kumiko, et al.: Yakugaku Zasshi, 115(9), 716-31 (1995);Fukuoka, Y., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 37, 384 (1993);Todo, Y., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 2569 (1994)

Applications Protected Irinotecan metabolite.

Applications N-[(2,4-Difluorophenyl)methyl]-2,4-difluoro-benzenemethanamine is derived from 2,4-Difluorobenzylamine (D45085), which acts as a reagent for the design of pyrazole derivatives as non-nucleoside heptatitis B virus inhibitors. It is also used as a reagent in the preparation, HIV antiviral activity, SAR, and molecular modelling of hydroxypyridonecarboxylic acids as HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
References Jia, H., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 123, 202 (2016); Kankanala, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 59, 5051 (2016)

Applications ((2R,5S)-5-(4-Amino-5-fluoro-2-oxopyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-1,3-oxathiolan-2-yl)methyl hydrogen ((((R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl)oxy)methyl)phosphonate is an impurity of Emtricitabine (E525000), a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is an effective antiviral agent against HIV, HBV, and other viruses replicating in a similar manner. A nucleoside analog structurally related to Lamivudine (L172500).
References FASEB J., 13, 1511 (1999), Molina, J.-M., et al.: J. InfecSchinazi, R.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 36, 2423 (1992), Shockeor, J.P., et al.: Xenobioica, 26, 189 (1996), Feng, J.Y., et al.: . Dis., 182, 599 (2000)

Applications Nucleosides as antiviral agent for the treatment of influenza; broad-spectrum inhibitor of viruses in the Flaviviridae family.
References Sidwell, R.W., et al.: Appl. Microbiol., 22, 797 (1971), Allen, B., et al.: J. Med. Che,., 18, 721 (1976),

Applications (2E)-3-(2-Thiazolyl)-2-propenoic Acid is a useful synthetic intermediate. It is used as an intermediate for HIV-1 protease inhibitor.
References Baloglu, E., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2014), WO 2014085607 A1 20140605

Applications t-Butyldimethylsilyl Tylosin is an intermediate used in the synthesis of Tylosin-d3 (T947652), which is labelled Tylosin (T947650). Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic isolated from a strain of Streptomycetes fradiae found in soil from Thailand. Antibacterial.
References Hamill, et al.: Antibiot. Chemother., 11, 328 (1961), Corcoran, J.W., et al.: J. Antibiot., 30, 1012 (1977), Seno, E.T., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother., 11, 455 (1977),

Applications Isolopinavir is a metabolite of Lopinavir (L469480); a selective HIV protease inhibitor and antiviral.
References Sham, H.L., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 3218 (1998); Kumar, G.N., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 86 (1999); Murphy, R.L., et al.: Antiviral Ther., 4, Suppl. 3, 85 (1999)

Applications Emtricitabine Isopropyl Carbamate is a derivative of Emtricitabine (E525000). Emtricitabine is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is an effective antiviral agent against HIV, HBV, and other viruses replicating in a similar manner.
References FASEB J., 13, 1511 (1999), Molina, J.-M., et al.: J. InfecSchinazi, R.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 36, 2423 (1992), Shockeor, J.P., et al.: Xenobioica, 26, 189 (1996), Feng, J.Y., et al.: . Dis., 182, 599 (2000)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 2-Chloroethyl benzoate (cas# 939-55-9) is a useful research chemical.

Applications 9-​(2-​Chloropropyl) Tenefovir is an impurity of Tenofovir (T018500). Tenofovir is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is used as an anti-HIV agent. Antiviral.
References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997); Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007);