Immunology Antibodies

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat IFN-β. Samples (or Standards) are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody and biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat IFN-β. Then Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Rat IFN-β, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat IFN-β. You can calculate the concentration of Rat IFN-β in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Human IGF-1. Samples (or Standards) are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody and biotinylated detection antibody specific for Human IGF-1. Then Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Human IGF-1, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Human IGF-1. You can calculate the concentration of Human IGF-1 in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Mouse ICAM-1/CD54. Samples (or Standards) are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody and biotinylated detection antibody specific for Mouse ICAM-1/CD54. Then Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Mouse ICAM-1/CD54, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Mouse ICAM-1/CD54. You can calculate the concentration of Mouse ICAM-1/CD54 in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Human IFN-β. Samples (or Standards) are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody and biotinylated detection antibody specific for Human IFN-β. Then Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Human IFN-β, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Human IFN-β. You can calculate the concentration of Human IFN-β in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Mouse IL-5. Samples (or Standards) are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody and biotinylated detection antibody specific for Mouse IL-5. Then Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Mouse IL-5, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Mouse IL-5. You can calculate the concentration of Mouse IL-5 in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Mouse SELE. Samples (or Standards) are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody and biotinylated detection antibody specific for Mouse SELE. Then Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Mouse SELE, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Mouse SELE. You can calculate the concentration of Mouse SELE in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat GM-CSF. Samples (or Standards) are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody and biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat GM-CSF. Then Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Rat GM-CSF, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat GM-CSF. You can calculate the concentration of Rat GM-CSF in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Mouse KIM-1. Samples (or Standards) are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody and biotinylated detection antibody specific for Mouse KIM-1. Then Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Mouse KIM-1, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Mouse KIM-1. You can calculate the concentration of Mouse KIM-1 in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Mouse VEGF-A. Samples (or Standards) are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody and biotinylated detection antibody specific for Mouse VEGF-A. Then Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Mouse VEGF-A, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Mouse VEGF-A. You can calculate the concentration of Mouse VEGF-A in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

Ovalbumin (OVA) is the primary protein in egg-white, and is involved in initiating food allergies and asthma. It is a highly immunogenic protein and can be used for peptide conjugation in the development of antibodies.OVA (324-338) is a class I (Kb)-restricted peptide epitope of OVA. The ovalbumin fragment is presented by the class I MHC molecule, H-2Kb.

PD-1 (21-35) peptide is derived from the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) which interacts with its ligand, PD-L1 to regulate immune homeostasis. PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 are critical in regulating T cell activation, tolerance and immuno-pathology. PD-1 is an immune checkpoint and guards against autoimmunity through two mechanisms. First, it promotes apoptosis of antigen-specific T-cells in lymph nodes. Second, it reduces apoptosis in regulatory T cells.Several types of cancer cells overexpress PD-L1 in order to escape from the PD-1/PD-L1 immuno-surveillance mechanism. Consequently PD-1 inhibitors and PD-L1 inhibitors could be used as a therapeutic in the treatment of cancers.

alpha 1 Antitrypsin antibody (biotin) was raised in goat using human alpha-1-anti-Trypsin as the immunogen.

Cilengitide is a cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif containing peptide that selectively inhibits the integrin alphav subunit. Integrins are cell adhesion molecules which mediate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and creating a scaffold for tissue organisation. Integrins also act to regulate cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and motility.Integrin alphav can form heterodimers with integrin subunits subunits β1, β3, β5, β6, or β8. Cilengitide is a highly specific antagonist of alphavβ3 and alphavβ5 integrins. It also and shows anti-angiogenic effects and inhibits growth and promotes apoptosis of tumour cells that express integrins, such as glioblastoma.Cilengitide has gone on to phase II trials for cancers such as glioblastoma, melanoma, prostate, breast, lung and head and neck cancers.

Human IgG protein is a purified immunoglobulin that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is widely used in life sciences research and various industrial applications. Human IgG protein has been extensively studied through molecular modeling, revealing its complex structure and functions.

Fibrinogen b43-63 Human is derived from Fibrinogen, which is a large plasma glycoprotein with a complex structure, and one of the most abundant proteins in blood. Fibrinogen is important in fibrin clot formation, haemostasis, and inflammatory responses. Increased plasma fibrinogen indicates a proinflammatory state and is a risk factor for vascular inflammatory diseases including hypertension and atherosclerosis. Fibrinogen cleavage products act as inflammatory activators in the pathophysiology of allergic asthma.The conversion of monomeric fibrinogen into polymeric fibrin is mediated by thrombin, which binds to fibrinogen and catalyses cleavage of fibrinopeptide A (FpA) and fibrinopeptide B (FpB). Fibrinopeptide B is protected from modifications such as carbamylation by pyroglutamination of the N-terminal amino acid.

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that utilizes autoinducing peptide (AIP) signals to regulate virulence. Methods to intercept bacterial quorum sensing (QS) aim to find novel anti-virulence treatments.Auto-inducing peptide (AIP) is a cyclic thiolactone quorum sensing peptide from Staphylococcus aureus which is responsible for activating the agr response. AIP is released from the bacteria and its extracellular concentration is then sensed by a two-component system on the bacterial surface, AgrC and AgrA. AgrC is the membrane histidine kinase receptor and AgrA is a response regulator- upon binding of AIP, AgrC phosphorylates AgrA.AIP accumulates during growth activating an AgrC and AgrA cascade when it reaches a critical signal level. This cascade activates P2 and P3 promoters which autoactivate the agr system and upregulate RNAIII transcription. RNAIII regulates the expression of virulence factors including toxins, super-antigens, and exo-enzymes. Extensive research to identify AIP:AgrC inhibitors aims to find therapeutics against pathogens.AgrD is the precursor peptide of AIP, and AgrB is an integral membrane endopeptidase essential to biosynthesize AIP. This AIP system is conserved among many Gram-positive bacteria. S. aureus strains are categorized into four groups (I-IV) according to their AIP signal and cognate extracellular receptor, AgrC. Each group is associated with a certain disease profile,  S. aureus group-IV strains have been associated with generalized exfoliative syndromes and osteoarticular infections.  AIP-IV has been used to develop antibodies and an effective ELISA help detect AIP-IV levels in the nanomolar range. This can be implemented to identify S. aureus type IV infections in patient samples.

Purified native IgG3 protein

PMX 53 is a potent antagonist of CD88, a G protein-coupled receptor for C5a (complement protein). C5a is a protein fragment released from cleavage of complement component C5 by protease C5-convertase into C5a and C5b fragments. C5a, the other cleavage product of C5, acts as a highly inflammatory peptide, encouraging complement activation, formation of the MAC, attraction of innate immune cells, and histamine release involved in allergic responses. The origin of C5 is in the hepatocyte, but its synthesis can also be found in macrophages, where it may cause local increase of C5a. C5a is a chemotactic agent and an anaphylatoxin- it is essential in the innate immunity but it is also linked with the adaptive immunity. The increased production of C5a is connected with a number of inflammatory diseases.By antagonising the C5a receptor, PMX can be used to modulate inflammatory responses, obesity, development and cancers.

Catalase antibody was raised in rabbit using bovine liver catalase as the immunogen.