Silanes

<p>Aldehyde Functional Trialkoxy Silane<br>Silane coupling agents have the ability to form a durable bond between organic and inorganic materials to generate desired heterogeneous environments or to incorporate the bulk properties of different phases into a uniform composite structure. The general formula has two classes of functionality. The hydrolyzable group forms stable condensation products with siliceous surfaces and other oxides such as those of aluminum, zirconium, tin, titanium, and nickel. The organofunctional group alters the wetting or adhesion characteristics of the substrate, utilizes the substrate to catalyze chemical transformations at the heterogeneous interface, orders the interfacial region, or modifies its partition characteristics, and significantly effects the covalent bond between organic and inorganic materials.<br>Triethoxysilylbutyraldehyde; Triethoxysilylbutanal<br>Coupling agent for chitosan to titaniumContains 3-triethoxysilyl-2-methylpropanal isomer and cyclic siloxy acetal, 2,2,6-triethoxy-1-oxa-2-silacyclohexane<br></p>

<p>N-(Trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethylenediaminetriacetate, tripotassium salt; trihydroxysilylpropyl edta, potassium salt; glycine, N-[2- [bis(carboxymethyl)-aminoethyl]-N-[3-(trihydroxysilyl)propyl-, potassium salt<br>Carboxylate functional trialkoxyl silaneEssentially silanetriol, contains KClChelates metal ions30% in water<br></p>

<p>Alkyl Silane - Conventional Surface Bonding<br>Aliphatic, fluorinated aliphatic or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon substituents are the hydrophobic entities which enable silanes to induce surface hydrophobicity. The organic substitution of the silane must be non-polar. The hydrophobic effect of the organic substitution can be related to the free energy of transfer of hydrocarbon molecules from an aqueous phase to a homogeneous hydrocarbon phase. A successful hydrophobic coating must eliminate or mitigate hydrogen bonding and shield polar surfaces from interaction with water by creating a non-polar interphase. Although silane and silicone derived coatings are in general the most hydrophobic, they maintain a high degree of permeability to water vapor. This allows coatings to breathe and reduce deterioration at the coating interface associated with entrapped water. Since ions are not transported through non-polar silane and silicone coatings, they offer protection to composite structures ranging from pigmented coatings to rebar reinforced concrete. A selection guide for hydrophobic silanes can be found on pages 22-31 of the Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification brochure.<br>n-Butyltrimethoxysilane; Trimethoxysilylbutane<br></p>

<p>Arylsilane Cross-Coupling Agent<br>The cross-coupling reaction is a highly useful methodology for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. It involves two reagents, with one typically being a suitable organometallic reagent - the nucleophile - and the other a suitable organic substrate, normally an unsaturated halide, tosylate or similar - the electrophile.<br>Aromatic Silane - Conventional Surface Bonding<br>Aliphatic, fluorinated aliphatic or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon substituents are the hydrophobic entities which enable silanes to induce surface hydrophobicity. The organic substitution of the silane must be non-polar. The hydrophobic effect of the organic substitution can be related to the free energy of transfer of hydrocarbon molecules from an aqueous phase to a homogeneous hydrocarbon phase. A successful hydrophobic coating must eliminate or mitigate hydrogen bonding and shield polar surfaces from interaction with water by creating a non-polar interphase. Although silane and silicone derived coatings are in general the most hydrophobic, they maintain a high degree of permeability to water vapor. This allows coatings to breathe and reduce deterioration at the coating interface associated with entrapped water. Since ions are not transported through non-polar silane and silicone coatings, they offer protection to composite structures ranging from pigmented coatings to rebar reinforced concrete. A selection guide for hydrophobic silanes can be found on pages 22-31 of the Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification brochure.<br>Phenyltrimethoxysilane, Trimethoxysilylbenzene<br>Viscosity, 25 °C: 2.1 cStVapor pressure, 108 °: 20 mmDipole moment: 1.77Dielectric constant: 4.44Cross-couples w/ aryl bromides w/o fluoride and w/ NaOHHigh yields w/ Pd and carbene ligandsCross-coupled in presence of aryl aldehydeUndergoes 1,4-addition to enones 1,2- and 1,4-addition to aldehydeUndergoes coupling and asymmetric coupling w/ α-bromoestersReacts with 2° amines to give anilinesN-arylates nitrogen heterocyclesCross-coupled w/ alkynyl bromides and iodidesUsed with p-aminophenyltrimethoxysilane, SIA0599.1 , to increase the dispersibility of mesoporous silicaIntermediate for high temperature silicone resinsHydrophobic additive to other silanes with excellent thermal stabilityCross couples with aryl halidesPhenylates heteroaromatic carboxamidesDirectly couples with primary alkyl bromides and iodidesConverts carboxylic acids to phenyl esters and vinyl carboxylatesConverts arylselenyl bromides to arylphenylselenidesReacts with anhydrides to form the mixed diester, phenyl and methoxy transferUsed in nickel-catalyzed direct phenylation of C-H bonds in heteroaromatic systems, benzoxazolesImmobilization reagent for aligned metallic single wall nanotubes (SWNT)High purity grade available, SIP6822.1Extensive review of silicon based cross-coupling agents: Denmark, S. E. et al. "Organic Reactions, Volume 75" Denmark, S. E. ed., John Wiley and Sons, 233, 2011<br></p>

<p>Olefin Functional Trialkoxy Silane<br>Silane coupling agents have the ability to form a durable bond between organic and inorganic materials to generate desired heterogeneous environments or to incorporate the bulk properties of different phases into a uniform composite structure. The general formula has two classes of functionality. The hydrolyzable group forms stable condensation products with siliceous surfaces and other oxides such as those of aluminum, zirconium, tin, titanium, and nickel. The organofunctional group alters the wetting or adhesion characteristics of the substrate, utilizes the substrate to catalyze chemical transformations at the heterogeneous interface, orders the interfacial region, or modifies its partition characteristics, and significantly effects the covalent bond between organic and inorganic materials.<br>Styrylethyltrimethoxysilane; m,p-Vinylphenethyltrimethoxysilane; m,p-triethoxysilylethylstyrene<br>Copolymerization parameter, e,Q: -0.880, 1.500Comonomer for polyolefin polymerizationUsed in microparticle surface modificationInhibited with t-butyl catecholMixed m-, p-isomers and α-, β-isomersAdhesion promoter for Pt-cure siliconesContains ethylphenethyltrimethoxysilane<br></p>

<p>Fluoroalkyl Silane - Conventional Surface Bonding<br>Aliphatic, fluorinated aliphatic or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon substituents are the hydrophobic entities which enable silanes to induce surface hydrophobicity. The organic substitution of the silane must be non-polar. The hydrophobic effect of the organic substitution can be related to the free energy of transfer of hydrocarbon molecules from an aqueous phase to a homogeneous hydrocarbon phase. A successful hydrophobic coating must eliminate or mitigate hydrogen bonding and shield polar surfaces from interaction with water by creating a non-polar interphase. Although silane and silicone derived coatings are in general the most hydrophobic, they maintain a high degree of permeability to water vapor. This allows coatings to breathe and reduce deterioration at the coating interface associated with entrapped water. Since ions are not transported through non-polar silane and silicone coatings, they offer protection to composite structures ranging from pigmented coatings to rebar reinforced concrete. A selection guide for hydrophobic silanes can be found on pages 22-31 of the Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification brochure.<br>Nonafluorohexyltriethoxysilane; (Perfluorobutyl)ethyltriethoxysilane<br>Critical surface tension, treated surface: 23 mN/mOleophobic, hydrophobic surface treatmentTrialkoxy silane<br></p>

<p>Monoamino Functional Dialkoxy Silane<br>Silane coupling agents have the ability to form a durable bond between organic and inorganic materials to generate desired heterogeneous environments or to incorporate the bulk properties of different phases into a uniform composite structure. The general formula has two classes of functionality. The hydrolyzable group forms stable condensation products with siliceous surfaces and other oxides such as those of aluminum, zirconium, tin, titanium, and nickel. The organofunctional group alters the wetting or adhesion characteristics of the substrate, utilizes the substrate to catalyze chemical transformations at the heterogeneous interface, orders the interfacial region, or modifies its partition characteristics, and significantly effects the covalent bond between organic and inorganic materials.<br>3-Aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-(diethoxymethylsilyl)propylamine<br>Primary amine coupling agent for UV cure and epoxy systemsUsed in microparticle surface modificationUsed in foundry resins: phenolic novolaks and resolsVapor phase deposition &gt;150 °C on silica yields high density amine functionality<br></p>

<p>Tipped PEG Silane (575-750 g/mol)<br>PEO, Hydroxyl, Triethoxysilane termination utilized for hydrophilic surface modificationDual functional PEGylation reagentHydroxylic silane<br>Related Products<br>SIA0078.0: 2-[ACETOXY(POLYETHYLENEOXY)PROPYL] TRIETHOXYSILANE, 95%SIH6185.0: 3-[HYDROXY(POLYETHYLENEOXY)PROPYL] HEPTAMETHYLTRISILOXANE, 90%<br></p>

<p>Alkyl Silane - Conventional Surface Bonding<br>Aliphatic, fluorinated aliphatic or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon substituents are the hydrophobic entities which enable silanes to induce surface hydrophobicity. The organic substitution of the silane must be non-polar. The hydrophobic effect of the organic substitution can be related to the free energy of transfer of hydrocarbon molecules from an aqueous phase to a homogeneous hydrocarbon phase. A successful hydrophobic coating must eliminate or mitigate hydrogen bonding and shield polar surfaces from interaction with water by creating a non-polar interphase. Although silane and silicone derived coatings are in general the most hydrophobic, they maintain a high degree of permeability to water vapor. This allows coatings to breathe and reduce deterioration at the coating interface associated with entrapped water. Since ions are not transported through non-polar silane and silicone coatings, they offer protection to composite structures ranging from pigmented coatings to rebar reinforced concrete. A selection guide for hydrophobic silanes can be found on pages 22-31 of the Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification brochure.<br>n-Octadecyldimethyl(dimethylamino)silane; (Dimethylamino)dimethyl(octadecyl)silane; N,N,1,1-Tetramethyl-1-octadecylsilanamine; N,N,1,1-Tetramethyl-1-octadecylsilanamine; (N,N-Dimethylamino)dimethyloctadecylsilane; (N,N-Dimethylamino)octadecyldimethylsilane<br>Contains 5-10% C18 isomersEmployed in bonded HPLC reverse phases<br></p>

<p>Alkyl Silane - Conventional Surface Bonding<br>Aliphatic, fluorinated aliphatic or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon substituents are the hydrophobic entities which enable silanes to induce surface hydrophobicity. The organic substitution of the silane must be non-polar. The hydrophobic effect of the organic substitution can be related to the free energy of transfer of hydrocarbon molecules from an aqueous phase to a homogeneous hydrocarbon phase. A successful hydrophobic coating must eliminate or mitigate hydrogen bonding and shield polar surfaces from interaction with water by creating a non-polar interphase. Although silane and silicone derived coatings are in general the most hydrophobic, they maintain a high degree of permeability to water vapor. This allows coatings to breathe and reduce deterioration at the coating interface associated with entrapped water. Since ions are not transported through non-polar silane and silicone coatings, they offer protection to composite structures ranging from pigmented coatings to rebar reinforced concrete. A selection guide for hydrophobic silanes can be found on pages 22-31 of the Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification brochure.<br>n-Octadecyldimethylchlorosilane; Dimethyl-n-octadecylchlorosilane; Chlorodimethyloctadecylsilane; Chlorodimethylsilyl-n-octadecane<br>Contains &lt;5% C18 isomersEmployed in bonded HPLC reverse phases<br></p>

<p>Fluorinated Alkyl Silane - Conventional Surface Bonding<br>Aliphatic, fluorinated aliphatic or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon substituents are the hydrophobic entities which enable silanes to induce surface hydrophobicity. The organic substitution of the silane must be non-polar. The hydrophobic effect of the organic substitution can be related to the free energy of transfer of hydrocarbon molecules from an aqueous phase to a homogeneous hydrocarbon phase. A successful hydrophobic coating must eliminate or mitigate hydrogen bonding and shield polar surfaces from interaction with water by creating a non-polar interphase. Although silane and silicone derived coatings are in general the most hydrophobic, they maintain a high degree of permeability to water vapor. This allows coatings to breathe and reduce deterioration at the coating interface associated with entrapped water. Since ions are not transported through non-polar silane and silicone coatings, they offer protection to composite structures ranging from pigmented coatings to rebar reinforced concrete. A selection guide for hydrophobic silanes can be found on pages 22-31 of the Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification brochure.<br>(Heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl)methyldichlorosilane; (1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecyl)methyldichlorosilane<br>Packaged over copper powder<br></p>

<p>Monoamine Functional Trialkoxy Silane<br>Silane coupling agents have the ability to form a durable bond between organic and inorganic materials to generate desired heterogeneous environments or to incorporate the bulk properties of different phases into a uniform composite structure. The general formula has two classes of functionality. The hydrolyzable group forms stable condensation products with siliceous surfaces and other oxides such as those of aluminum, zirconium, tin, titanium, and nickel. The organofunctional group alters the wetting or adhesion characteristics of the substrate, utilizes the substrate to catalyze chemical transformations at the heterogeneous interface, orders the interfacial region, or modifies its partition characteristics, and significantly effects the covalent bond between organic and inorganic materials.<br>3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, Trimethoxysilylpropylamine, APTES, AMEO, GAPS, A-1100, ?-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane<br>Vapor pressure, 67 °: 5 mmSuperior reactivity in vapor phase and non-aqueous surface treatmentsSuperior reactivity in vapor phase and non-aqueous surface treatmentsHydrolysis rate vs SIA0610.0 : 6:1Used to immobilize Cu and Zn Schiff base precatalysts for formation of cyclic carbonatesUsed in microparticle surface modification Standard grade available as SIA0611.0<br></p>

<p>2-(3,4-Epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane; (2-trimethoxysilylethyl)cyclohexyloxirane<br>Epoxy functional trialkoxy silaneViscosity: 5.2 cStCoefficient of thermal expansion: 0.8 x 10-3Vapor pressure, 152 °C: 10 mmSpecific wetting surface: 317 m2/gγc of treated surfaces: 39.5 mN/mRing epoxide more reactive than glycidoxypropyl systemsUV initiated polymerization of epoxy group with weak acid donorsForms UV-curable coating resins by controlled hydrolysisUsed to make epoxy-organosilica particles w/ high positive Zeta potentialEpoxy silane treated surfaces convert to hydrophilic-diols when exposed to moisture<br></p>

<p>3-Mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane; 3-(methyldimethoxysilyl)propylmercaptan; dimethoxy(3-mercaptopropyl)methylsilane; dimethoxymethyl(3-mercaptopropyl)silane<br>Sulfur functional dialkoxy silaneIntermediate for silicones in thiol-ene UV-cure systemsAdhesion promoter for polysulfide sealantsUsed to make thiol-organosilica nanoparticles<br></p>

<p>Bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)amine<br>Amine functional dipodal silaneViscosity: 5.5 cStCoupling agent for polyamides with improved hydrolytic stabilityAdhesion promoter, crosslinking agent for hot melt adhesivesAdhesion promoter for aluminum-polyester multilayer laminatesAdhesion promoter, crosslinker for 2-part condensation cure siliconesCyclic analog: SIT8187.2 Advanced silane in SIVATE A610 and SIVATE E610<br></p>