Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

4-Chloro-5-phenylpyrimidine is a copper(I) complex with the chemical formula [CuCl(PY)]. It is synthesized by reacting an equimolar mixture of 4-chloro-5-phenylpyrimidine and CuCl. The thermodynamic, kinetic, and stereochemical properties of this compound have been extensively studied. This compound belongs to the class of amidines and has been shown to interact with transition metals, such as copper. 4-Chloro-5-phenylpyrimidine can be used in organic synthesis reactions because it readily undergoes nucleophilic substitution reactions. The reaction between this compound and nucleophiles leads to the formation of stereoisomers that are chiral at the carbon atom in the pyrimidinone ring.

3-Cyclohexanecarbonylpyridine is a triazole with a nitrogen atom in the ring. It has a pyridine and two substituents, one of which is positioned on the 3-position and the other on the 6-position. This compound has strong antifungal activity, as demonstrated by screening in vitro studies. 3-Cyclohexanecarbonylpyridine also had high activity against phytopathogenic fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, and Alternaria brassicae. The fungicidal activity of this compound may be due to its inhibitory effect on protein synthesis.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is a synthetic amino acid analog of the branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. It was originally developed as a treatment for thrombosis, but has been found to have antiviral properties. 2-Amino-3-methylhexanoic acid inhibits the action of enzymes that catalyze reactions in the synthesis of polypeptides, such as proteases (thrombin inhibitors) and peptidases. 2-Amino-3-methylhexanoic acid also inhibits viruses by preventing their replication. It does this by hydrogen bonding interactions with the viral capsid and preventing access to the RNA genome or protein coat. The chemical reaction between 2-amino hexanoic acid and an acid solution produces carbon dioxide gas.

4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde oxime is a white solid with a molecular weight of 178.33 and a melting point of 241°C. It has the chemical formula C7H6O3NO2, which consists of a hydrogen atom, two halides, and an oxime group. The molecule is made up of three functional groups: the peroxy group (a hydrogen bond), the alkylating group (an acrylonitrile), and the intramolecular hydrogen bond. 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde oxime reacts with amines to form β-unsaturated ketones in a mesomorphic state. 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde oxime is also known to react with peracid to generate peroxy radicals that are used as oxidizing agents in organic synthesis.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

4-Hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carbohydrazide is a cholinesterase inhibitor. It reduces the activity of acetylcholinesterase, which breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This leads to an increase in the amount of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, which stimulates muscle contraction and may also have an effect on other cells in the body. 4-Hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carbohydrazide has been shown to selectively bind to and inhibit cholinesterases from bovine chromaffin cells and laboratory preparations. The molecular modeling studies show that this drug binds to the active site of cholinesterases with high affinity and selectivity.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Cycloheptanecarboxylic acid methyl ester is a nitro-containing organic compound that binds to the CCR5 receptor, which is involved in inflammatory bowel disease. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory activities in mice with experimental colitis, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. Cycloheptanecarboxylic acid methyl ester contains an ethyl group at position 5, which is hydroxylated in vivo and metabolized by CYP450 enzymes. This compound also contains an acrylates group at position 2, a carbonyl group at position 1, and an alkynyl group at position 3. Cycloheptanecarboxylic acid methyl ester signifies the presence of two nitrogen atoms (N) in the molecule.br>br>
The amine groups are located on either side

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carbonitrile is an experimental drug that acts as a 5HT3 receptor antagonist. It has been shown to inhibit the effects of serotonin in the ileum and also inhibits the binding of serotonin to 5HT3 receptors. 2-Oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carbonitrile has been shown to be effective in animal models for conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome and nausea. This drug is a piperidine derivative that can be synthesized using microwave irradiation in a reaction with ethyl cyanoacetate or cyanoacetate. The 5HT3 receptor antagonists are used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by various conditions such as chemotherapy, general anaesthesia, and postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Versatile small molecule scaffold