Building Blocks

<p>3-Hydroxy-N-phenylbenzamide (3HB) is a chemical compound that has been isolated from the plant Caryophyllaceae. This compound is an electrophile, which can react with nucleophiles in biological systems. 3HB produces anthranilic acid when it reacts with amino acids, and this compound may be responsible for the antimicrobial activity of 3HB. 3HB was shown to have fungitoxic effects against some fungi including Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Stemphylium sp., but not against other fungi such as Alternaria alternata and Penicillium cyclopium. The phytoalexin caryophyllin, which is produced by infected plants, also inhibits fungal growth.</p>

<p>N-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonamide has a moiety that is dihedral and forms hydrogen bonds with the phenol, toluene, and hydrogen bonds. It has a phenol that is substituted with a methyl group at the 3 position. The chemical name of this molecule is 3-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)amino]-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>1-Bromo-2-methylpropan-2-yl)benzene is an organic solvent that has a hydrogen bond. It is used in the synthesis of malonic acid and kinetic studies. This solvent has been shown to react with chloride to form 1,2-dibromochloromethane. The reaction rate for this reaction is affected by the presence of other halides, such as iodine and bromine. 1-Bromo-2-methylpropan-2-yl)benzene can also be used as a polymerization inhibitor.</p>

<p>3-Hydroxy-3-phenylbutanoic acid is a chiral, organic compound that is an intermediate in the synthesis of many pharmaceuticals. It can be synthesized from hydrochloric acid and phenylacetic acid by adding hydrogen chloride to the carboxylic acid. 3-Hydroxy-3-phenylbutanoic acid is used as a solvent for organic compounds, including hydrochloric acid, and acts as a catalyst in asymmetric synthesis reactions. 3-Hydroxy-3-phenylbutanoic acid has been shown to have therapeutic effects in the treatment of chronic kidney disease. This drug has been shown to increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and improve prognosis.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>2-Ethylcyclohexanol is a hydrogen peroxide catalyst that has been implemented in nanocomposites for use as electrodes. This multifunctional material is a transition metal oxide with properties of being acidic and able to catalyze the oxidation of organic pollutants. 2-Ethylcyclohexanol has also been shown to be efficient in mineralizing (oxidizing) transition metals such as Fe(II) or Cr(III). This chemical can be used to remove toxic heavy metals from water, and it can be analyzed using techniques such as voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 2-Ethylcyclohexanol can be used as an inexpensive hydroxyl radical generator. It is commercially available in the cis- and trans- mixture.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>1-Methylcycloheptanol (1MCH) is a polydimethylsiloxane with a molecular weight of about 370. The catalytic activity of 1MCH is due to the presence of two double bonds in the molecule. The 1-methylcycloheptanol can be used for the synthesis of iodides and for the degradation of headspace volatile compounds, such as dichlorocarbene and dihalocarbenes. It has been shown to have affinity towards certain unsaturated ketones, such as oxoalkyl and unsaturated ketones. 1-Methylcycloheptanol has also been found to be able to extract cirsium setidens from soil samples using microextraction methods.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>1,2,5-Thiadiazole-3,4-dicarboxylic acid is a dicarboxylic acid that is structurally related to the thiadiazole ring. It has been shown to interact with amines and hydrate in humid conditions. The crystal structure of 1,2,5-thiadiazole-3,4-dicarboxylic acid has been determined by x-ray diffraction. The molecule forms a mononuclear complex with chloride ions in the crystal system called the cycloaliphatic motif. 1,2,5-Thiadiazole-3,4-dicarboxylic acid has also been found to form hydrogen bonds with temperatures in the range of −10°C and 30°C.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>4-Allyl-3-thiosemicarbazide is a copper complex that inhibits the growth of cancer cells. Copper chloride is an important catalyst for this reaction. The coordination geometry of the copper ion and the structure of the product are key factors in determining its cytotoxicity. This compound has been shown to have significant cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines, including leukemia, lymphoma, breast, prostate, lung, pancreatic and colon cancer cells. 4-Allyl-3-thiosemicarbazide is also able to inhibit kinesin by binding to its ATPase site and preventing it from transporting cargo along microtubules.</p>

<p>3-Methylpiperidin-2-one is a hydroxylated piperidine derivative that can be synthesized by the reaction of xylene with triphosgene in the presence of an acid hydrazide. This compound has been shown to have antibacterial activity against Streptococcus faecalis and other bacteria, but it is carcinogenic in rats. 3-Methylpiperidin-2-one has been used as a ligand for metal ions such as copper and nickel. It can be synthesized using methods like alkylation or chiral synthesis with five membered rings.</p>

<p>Bis(dimethylamino)dimethylsilane (Bis-DMAS) is a silylating agent that reacts with the hydroxy groups of siloxanes to form a cross-link. It can be used as a functional group for the synthesis of polymers, coatings, and adhesives. Bis-DMAS has also been used to improve the reactivity of other functional groups, such as carbonyls, amines, nitriles, and epoxides. It is reactive in air and moisture and should be stored in an inert atmosphere. Bis-DMAS reacts with metal surfaces to form a coating by reacting with both the metal surface and hydrogen atoms on the surface. The reaction temperature is dependent on the substrate: higher temperatures are needed for copper than aluminum due to copper's higher reactivity. The activation energies are different for each reaction type: thermal reactions have an activation energy of 40 kJ/mol while electrochemical reactions have an activation energy of</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>2-Chloro-5-methoxybenzyl bromide is a cyclization agent that is used in the synthesis of tetracyclines, polyphosphoric acid, and tetralones. It is typically used as a catalyst for cyclization reactions involving aromatic rings. This agent reacts with phosphorus oxychloride to produce polyphosphoric acid. Polyphosphoric acid can be used to synthesize tetracyclines and tetralones. 2-Chloro-5-methoxybenzyl bromide also acts as an oxidizing agent that converts primary alcohols into carboxylic acids and secondary alcohols into ketones or aldehydes.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>2,2-Dimethyl-chroman-4-one is a synthetic compound that has been shown to be an antibacterial agent. It is active against many Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. 2,2-Dimethyl-chroman-4-one also inhibits the activation of the MAP kinase pathway and the synthesis of protein kinase C. The irradiation of 2,2-dimethylchroman-4-one produces a compound which has been shown to have antiinflammatory effects on mesenchymal stromal cells.</p>

<p>Ethyl 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate (EHMC) is an oxadiazole compound that has been shown to be toxic to the central nervous system. It is a tetraacetate ester of the compound and it has been shown to induce death in mice. EHMC has also been observed to produce thionyl chloride, aldehydes and dehydrogenation products in tissue samples. Elution profiles of EHMC from liquid chromatography have shown that this chemical can be quickly metabolized by methylation and subsequent degradation into benzofuran derivatives. The heterozygote for this compound is known for its ability to metabolize carbohydrates more efficiently than normal individuals.</p>

<p>4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (4HMBF) is an antifungal agent that belongs to the group of phenylacetic acid derivatives. It has been shown to have antifungal activity against Candida albicans and other fungal species. 4HMBF incorporates into the fungal cell wall by reacting with the chain, which may inhibit protein synthesis. The biological properties of 4HMBF are not yet fully understood. It has been found to be a lead compound for future drug design.</p>

<p>4-Methoxybenzo[b]thiophene is a molecule that is activated by fluorescence and emits light as it transfers from an excited state to a lower energy state. This process is called fluorescence, and the emitted light can be detected with ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. 4-Methoxybenzo[b]thiophene has been shown to have an olefinic nature, which means it reacts readily with electron-donating groups such as alcohols or phenols. The reaction rate for this compound increases with increasing temperatures and the population of acceptor molecules. It has been studied using photophysical techniques and lipid profile analysis, which measures the lipid content of cells in order to determine their health status.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>2-Phenylbenzene-1,3-diol is a ligand in the catalytic cycle of the cocl2 reaction. It is used to study the elimination reactions that occur during this process. The ligand was synthesized by reacting phenyliodine with benzoic acid and then hydrolyzing the product with dilute hydrochloric acid. The resulting crystalline compound was found to be thermally unstable and therefore required cocl2 for activation. This catalyst induced an elimination reaction which yielded two products: 2-phenylbenzene-1,3-diol and benzoic acid.</p>

<p>1-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol is a carbene that has been synthesized by the reaction of 1,4-difluorobenzene and resorcinol in the presence of copper. The compound has two skeletal isomers, cis and trans. The equilibrium constant for the reaction is K=3.5×10^(-8) at 25°C. It can be used as a ligand to form ruthenium complexes with electrophilic metals such as chlorine or bromine. The x-ray crystal structure for cis isomer has been determined and it was found to have an intramolecular bond from the hydrogen atom on the phenyl group to the carbon atom on the propynyl group. This bond causes resonance stabilization of this molecule in its ground state. Carbocationic reactions are also possible with this molecule, but they are not normally observed because of steric hindrance from substituents on both rings</p>

<p>7-Chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids are indole alkaloids that have been found in a wide variety of plants. They are synthesized through oxidative coupling and chlorination of tryptamine. The chlorination step is catalyzed by an enzyme called 7-chloroindole synthase (ICS). This enzyme is encoded by a gene that has been cloned from the plant cell line N6. A number of compounds related to 7-chloroindole have been found in soil bacteria. These compounds can be used for the construction of synthetic pathways for the production of different heterocycles. One such compound is 2-(7-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)ethanamine, which has shown receptor activity against serotonin.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Bis(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) Disulfide is a colorless to yellow liquid with a sweet odor. It has a high solubility in water and organic solvents. It is soluble in benzene, ether, chloroform and acetone. Bis(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) Disulfide has been shown to be an anti-markovnikov addition agent for styrene in the presence of copper salts. Bis(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) Disulfide is used as a test organism to evaluate the toxicity of chemicals and pesticides on invertebrates such as shrimp and lobster larvae at different temperatures.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>3-Phenylcyclopent-2-en-1-one is a cyclic ketone that has been synthesized by irradiation of 2,4-dihydropyran with ionizing radiation. This reaction is catalyzed by a zirconium complex and has been shown to produce the desired product in high yield. 3-Phenylcyclopent-2-en-1-one can be hydrogenated to 3-(phenyl)cyclopentanone, which can then be oxidized to 3-(phenyl)cyclopentanoic acid. The use of this compound in organic synthesis has been demonstrated through the use of iminium ion intermediates.</p>

<p>Clorprenaline is a sympathomimetic drug that binds to and activates the beta-adrenergic receptors, which are found in the heart, lungs, kidneys and other tissues. Clorprenaline is used as a bronchodilator in chronic pulmonary diseases such as asthma. It has also been used as a cardiac stimulant and an antihypertensive agent. Clorprenaline has been shown to be a good absorption enhancer for drugs with poor bioavailability. The hydroxyl group on clorprenaline reacts with fatty acids to form esters. These reactions can be monitored by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A monoclonal antibody was used for the detection sensitivity of clorprenaline in plasma samples from patients with chronic lung disease who were administered clorprenaline via inhalation therapy. Sodium citrate is often added to the sample buffer because it increases the</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>The thiourea is a chemical compound that contains both nitrogen and sulfur. It can be prepared by oxidation of the sulfide with nitrous acid, or by reaction of ammonia with sulfur dioxide. The optical activity of the thiourea has been studied through simulations with quantum mechanics methods. The anion radical was found to be the driving force for the reaction mechanism. Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the kinetics and to detect chloride as an interfering species. Chloride-induced adsorption equilibrium was found in experiments where chloride is present at high concentrations. Rofecoxib, an NSAID drug, was found to adsorb onto aluminium surfaces under certain conditions, which can lead to environmental pollution.</p>

<p>Bromomethylcycloheptane is a chemical compound that has been studied for its ability to inhibit receptor binding, including the c1-c6 alkoxy and acetylcholine receptors. It also has an effect on progesterone receptors, blood platelets and aminophenyl imidazoles. Bromomethylcycloheptane has been shown to modulate the activity of a number of different drugs, including methyl alcohol, fluorine and imidazole derivatives. The effects of this chemical are not yet fully understood.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Pyrimidine-4-carboxamide is an inhibitor of adrenergic receptors, which are proteins that mediate the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline. It is a potent inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts tyrosine to the neurotransmitter dopamine. Pyrimidine-4-carboxamide has been shown to have anti-cancer properties in vitro and in vivo. It also inhibits methoxy groups, which are involved in insulin resistance and prostatic hypertrophy. This drug may be used as a therapeutic agent for cancer or diabetes patients who have developed resistant phenotypes to other drugs.</p>

<p>4-(1H-Pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidine is a x-ray crystallography marker that has been shown to have potential as a drug for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The pharmacokinetics of 4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidine was studied in rats and its permeability was found to be low. 4-(1H-Pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidine has been shown to inhibit the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes, which are responsible for metabolizing drugs. This makes 4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidine an important lead compound for drug discovery efforts.</p>

<p>(S)-2-Bromo-4-methylpentanoic acid ee is a peptidomimetic that has been synthesized using triphosgene and a chiral amide. This compound is a synthetic molecule that contains a nitrogen atom. The (S) enantiomer of this compound was synthesized by nature and the structure of this compound is structured, with sulfur atoms on the side chains. This chiral molecule has been shown to have antibacterial activity against leucocytes, which may be due to its conformational effects.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>1H,4H,5H-Imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazin-4-one is a tautomeric form of guanine. It can be synthesized from 1H,4H,5H-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine and purine. This experimental compound is an analog to adenine and has been shown to have anti-parasitic properties in toxoplasma. 1H,4H,5H-Imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazin-4-one is a nucleobase that binds to the purine receptor on the parasite's surface. This binding inhibits the parasite's ability to produce ATP by inhibiting adenosine phosphorylation.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Propan-2-yl N-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)carbamate is a phenolic compound that has been used as a substrate in studies of the metabolism of reactive electrophiles by rat hepatocytes. It is found in incubations with rat liver microsomes and mitochondria. The reaction product has been identified as propan-2-ol, which is an alcohol. Propan-2-yl N-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)carbamate also inhibits atpase activity in rat hepatocytes and glutathione conjugates are formed when it interacts with glutathione.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>2-Chloro-5-iodothiophene is a chlorinated aromatic compound that is used to produce various drugs and pesticides. This chemical is synthesized by the reaction of 2-chloro-5-iodobenzoic acid with phosphorus pentoxide or aluminium hydride in the presence of lithium aluminum hydride. 2-Chloro-5-iodothiophene has long lasting effects on behavior and can be used for the treatment of neuroleptic disorders. It was also shown to have antihistamine properties and may be used as an antipyretic drug. 2-Chloro-5-iodothiophene can inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase, which is responsible for breaking down acetylcholine, leading to paralysis and death by respiratory arrest.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>1-(Prop-2-en-1-yl)piperidin-2-one is a naturally occurring chemical substance with the molecular formula CHC1. It is a lactam, or cyclic amide, that contains a carbonyl group and a hydroxy group. The compound has optical activity due to its chiral center at carbon atom number 2. It can be prepared from hydrochloric acid and propionic anhydride. Hydrolysis of 1-(prop-2-en-1-yl)piperidin-2-one yields propionic acid and piperidine.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>1,1,3,3-Tetramethyl propane-1,1,3,3-tetracarboxylate is a hexamethyl triamide that is used as a catalyst in the production of tetramethyl. The three methyl groups on the molecule serve as Lewis acid sites and are involved in the reaction mechanism. It is produced by electrolysis of methyl acetate with a nickel anode and a copper cathode in an acid solution.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>The compound 3-(Phenylsulfanyl)pyridine (3PSP) is a white crystalline solid. It is soluble in water, ethanol, and ether. 3PSP is a nucleophilic compound that reacts with anions such as chloride and nitrite to form disulphides and sulfides. When irradiated, 3PSP will form anion radicals that are able to form inactivated anions. This reaction has been used to produce inactivated anions for use in the polymerization of polymers.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>1-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2-carbonitrile is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C8H6N2. It is a white crystalline solid that is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. This compound is a precursor to various drugs including donepezil and benzylpiperidine. Decyanation of 1-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2-carbonitrile gives benzoic acid.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Methyl 3-formylfuran-2-carboxylate is a selective, triethyl, acrylates, carbonyl groups, phosphite, chloride, carbonyl, diisopropyl, phosphonates, fluoride, potassium and phosphites. It reacts with isomeric hydroxyphosphonates.</p>