Aldehydes

3,5-Dinitrosalicylaldehyde is an oxidizing agent that is used in organic chemistry to produce aldehydes or carboxylic acids. It reacts with the amino groups of lysine residues and converts them to nitro groups. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylaldehyde is also used as a reagent in the determination of the number of lysine residues in proteins by titration with hydrochloric acid. The reaction mechanism of 3,5-dinitrosalicylaldehyde involves formation of an electron deficient intermediate that oxidizes chloride ions to form water molecules and chloride radicals. These intermediates react with nitro groups on lysine residues, resulting in nitro compounds. Crystallography studies have shown that the molecular structure of 3,5-dinitrosalicylaldehyde has two nitro groups and one hydroxyl group.

2,3,4-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde is a hydroxylated aromatic compound that is used as a dietary supplement. It is found in the natural form of zirconium oxide and has been shown to have cancer-fighting properties. It has also been shown to be able to inhibit the growth of liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo models. The mechanism of 2,3,4-trimethoxybenzaldehyde's ability to inhibit cancer growth is not fully understood but it may be due to its ability to react with reactive oxygen species and its ability to bind with methoxy groups and benzyl groups.

3-Methoxybenzaldehyde is a chemical compound that is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of organic compounds. This compound has shown to be a potent inhibitor of several enzymes, including diamine tetraacetic acid (DAT)-dependent aminotransferase, trimethyl amine N-oxide reductase, and hydrochloric acid hydrolases. 3-Methoxybenzaldehyde also inhibits the growth of hepg2 cells and induces apoptosis. The chemical structure of this compound contains a boron nitride group that can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules and fatty acids that can act as a substrate for oxidation reactions.

6-Fluoroindole-3-carboxaldehyde (6FLA) is a synthetic compound that inhibits biosynthesis of the phytoalexins salicylic acid and lignin in plants. It also inhibits the β-glucuronidase enzyme, which hydrolyzes the glucuronide conjugates of phenolic compounds and xenobiotics. 6FLA has been shown to cause mild liver damage in rats, but its effects on humans are unknown. 6FLA may be used as a detectable substance for assays.

Atranol is a phenolic compound that is found in plants such as the leaves of the white willow tree. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and is being researched for its potential use in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Atranol has been shown to inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which are key mediators of inflammation, by inhibiting NFκB activation. The reaction mechanism for atranol's inhibition of IL-1β production involves atranol binding with the cystein residue on IκB kinase β, which prevents phosphorylation and thus activation.

5-Benzyloxyindole-3-carboxaldehyde is a merocyanine dye that can be used as an antimycobacterial agent in cell culture. It is also fluorescent and has been shown to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 5-Benzyloxyindole-3-carboxaldehyde has been synthesised by reacting 5,5′-dibenzoyloxydihydropyrene with indole and benzaldehyde. The hydrolysis of this compound yields the corresponding carboxylic acid and benzoic acid, which are then converted to the desired product by action of sodium ethoxide. Merocyanine dyes are characterized by a distinctive absorption band in the visible region at about 540 nm. These compounds have also been shown to inhibit renal cells, which may be due to their ability to act as nucleophiles or tautomers.

2,6-Dichlorobenzaldehyde oxime is a synthetic molecule that is prepared by the reaction of triphenylphosphine oxide and halides. It is also known as aldoxime and has been used in a number of chemical reactions. 2,6-Dichlorobenzaldehyde oxime has been used in the synthesis of a variety of organic compounds, including toxicants and preservatives.

2-Naphthaldehyde oxime is a reactive aldoxime that can be used as an oxidant in organic chemistry. It is able to increase the rate of hydrolysis by acid catalysts, and has been shown to cause biomolecular damage due to its ability to react with functional groups such as amines and alcohols. 2-Naphthaldehyde oxime reacts with silicon, styrene, and polystyrene. The reaction produces carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and water. This product also has the capability of solvating organic compounds through the use of water molecules. Hypervalent oxidation reactions may occur with 2-naphthaldehyde oxime due to its ability to form multiple bonds with oxygen atoms.

2,4,5-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde is a natural compound that has been shown to have significant cytotoxicity. It induces apoptosis by activating the caspase-mediated apoptotic pathway. 2,4,5-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde also modulates the cellular redox balance by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and decreasing intracellular ATP levels. This compound has been shown to be effective against human leukemia HL-60 cells and colon cancer Caco-2 cells. 2,4,5-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde can be found in dietary sources such as ganoderma lucidum and may act as a chelate ligand for some growth factors.