Aldehydes

2-Nitro-4,5-methylenedioxybenzaldehyde (2NMB) is a molecule with a molecular weight of 188.24, an empirical formula of C8H8NO2 and a chemical structure consisting of a benzene ring attached to two nitro groups. 2NMB has been shown to bind to the dopamine β-hydroxylase enzyme in human serum and inhibit the production of dopa, which leads to a decrease in dopamine levels. It also inhibits the growth of staphylococcus, cryptococcus neoformans, and typhimurium. 2NMB also has been used as radiotracers for gyrase activity and can be used for asymmetric synthesis due to its piperonal group. The uptake of 2NMB by cells is dependent on its nucleophilic properties.

4-Fluoro-3-nitrobenzaldehyde is a diphenyl ether that has been used as a starting material for the synthesis of dihydroisoquinolines and related compounds. The compound also inhibits IL-10 production in an experiment with human cells, which might be due to its ability to act as a pro-inflammatory cytokine. 4-Fluoro-3-nitrobenzaldehyde can be used as a control experiment for 4-fluoroaniline, which was found to inhibit IL-10 production in an experiment with human cells.
4-Fluoro-3-nitrobenzaldehyde is not active against P. aeruginosa, but does have antinociceptive effects and can be considered to have nucleophilic properties.

2-Ethoxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde is a coordination compound that contains two thiolate ligands, one carbonyl group, and a chelate ring with sulfur. The compound has been shown to bind to the active site of thiosemicarbazide in the enzyme sulfite oxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of sulfite to sulfate. 2-Ethoxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde has also been shown to be an effective ligand for rhenium.

4-Fluorobenzaldehyde is an organic compound that is used in the synthesis of other chemicals. 4-Fluorobenzaldehyde has been shown to have hemolytic activity and to be a copper complex that reacts with hydrochloric acid. The reaction mechanism of 4-fluorobenzaldehyde with copper chloride is thought to involve the formation of a copper complex, which then undergoes nucleophilic attack by the trifluoroacetic acid, forming a positronium ion. This positronium ion then reacts with hydroxide ions from water, forming hydrogen peroxide and a pyrimidine compound.

Cinnamaldehyde is an aldehyde that occurs naturally in plants such as cinnamon, apples, and cumin. It is used as a flavoring agent for foods and beverages, as well as in perfumes. Cinnamaldehyde has been shown to have minimal toxicity and minimal mutagenic or carcinogenic potential. This compound has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity against bacteria by inhibition of bacterial cell growth through inhibition of the synthesis of proteins essential for cell division. Cinnamaldehyde also exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. The antimicrobial effects of cinnamaldehyde are due to its ability to bind to the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, which prevents the conversion of alcohols into aldehydes. Cinnamaldehyde can be found in many natural compounds such as cinnamic acid and eugenol.

4-Fluorocinnamaldehyde is a reactive molecule that can be used in the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of 4-fluoroalkylbenzenes, which are used as intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals. It reacts with hydroxymethyl groups to form 4-fluoroalkylbenzene derivatives, which are substrates for asymmetric reactions. This compound has been shown to react with amines and thiols to form Michael acceptors and Michael donors respectively. The crystallographic data obtained from this molecule shows that it belongs to space group P2 and its crystal system is orthorhombic. It also has optical properties that make it suitable for use as an optical material or nanowires.