Glycoscience

<p>3-O-(a-L-Fucopyranosyl)-4-O-(3-sialyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-glucose is a modification of the complex carbohydrate, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, and polysaccharide. It is synthesized by methylation of glucose and glycosylation with sialic acid. The product has a CAS number and a high purity level. This product is an example of a synthetic oligosaccharide that has been fluorinated. The product can be used as an additive or preservative in food products.</p>

<p>D-Talitol is a drug that is used to treat eye disorders and chronic pulmonary diseases. It belongs to the class of drugs called xylitol dehydrogenase inhibitors. D-Talitol inhibits the enzyme xylitol dehydrogenase, which converts xylitol into a different sugar called sorbitol. Sorbitol accumulates in certain parts of cells, such as the mitochondria, and can disrupt cellular processes by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. In addition, there are other effects of sorbitol accumulation that may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, including inhibition of protein synthesis, induction of apoptosis (cell death), and inhibition of cell proliferation. D-Talitol has been shown to inhibit the growth of chronic kidney cells in culture by interfering with cellular metabolism in mitochondria.<br>A kinetic study has also shown that D-Talitol inhibits b-raf activity at concentrations that are not cytotoxic. This suggests that D-Talitol may be useful for</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about 2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-D-galactose including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>1-L-Epi-2-inosose is a natural compound that has been found to have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. This substance is a product of the hemocyte's enzymatic conversion of L-epinephrine into 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydroxyisoquinoline (1L-Epi). 1L-Epi is also synthesized in vitro from epinephrine by the enzyme dehydrogenase. In addition to its antimicrobial activity, 1L-Epi has been shown to be a potent proliferation inhibitor for human cells and to be effective against gram negative bacteria.</p>

<p>Galacto-N-biose-sp-biotin is a carbohydrate that can be custom synthesized. It is a sugar with a biotin moiety at the reducing end of the chain. It can be modified by fluorination, glycosylation, methylation, and other chemical modifications. Galacto-N-biose-sp-biotin has CAS number 55810-06-5.</p>

<p>Larch arabinogalactan is extracted from the heartwood of the western larch Larix occidentalis. This compound has a backbone of 1,3-linked β-D-galactopyranosyl units each of which contains a side chain at position C-6. Arabinogalactans are used as emulsifiers, stabilizers and binders in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, as low viscosity dietary fibres and as a prebiotic fibres.</p>

<p>L-Guluronic acid sodium is a monosaccharide that plays a crucial role in cardiac health. It is involved in the uptake and utilization of polyene carbohydrates, carotenoids, and fatty acids by human myocardial cells. L-Guluronic acid sodium has been shown to enhance the bioavailability of these essential nutrients, promoting optimal heart function. Additionally, this compound acts as a reactive analog, mimicking the effects of certain molecules involved in mammalian cell signaling pathways. This unique property makes L-Guluronic acid sodium a potential therapeutic agent for various cardiovascular conditions and may have implications in other areas such as stent technology and cancer research.</p>

<p>D-ribose is a pentose that is used in the metabolism of plants and humans. It has been shown to inhibit binding of inhibitors to ribose and to exhibit significant cytotoxicity against tumor cells. D-Ribose also has an important role in energy metabolism, where it is involved in the synthesis of ATP. D-Ribose has been shown to be beneficial for patients with congestive heart failure, as it improves cardiac function and reduces the size of the heart. D-Ribose may also have a role in the treatment of infectious diseases by inhibiting viral replication, as well as preventing neuronal death.</p>

<p>Allyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-a-L-rhamnopyranoside is a topical antiperspirant and deodorant that is used to inhibit the production of sweat. It has been shown to be effective in combination with aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, and other active ingredients. Allyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-a-L-rhamnopyranoside has been shown to be more effective than glycerin or propylene glycol alone as an antiperspirant.</p>

<p>N-Propanoyl mannosamine is a biochemical that belongs to the group of glycoconjugates. It is an intracellular messenger that modulates the concentration of intracellular calcium and controls the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). N-Propanoyl mannosamine has been shown to stimulate axonal growth in cell culture, which is mediated by the polysialic acid receptor. This molecule also has a role in human osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.<br>N-Propanoyl mannosamine can be synthesized from dopamine and erythrose via a series of reactions involving acidification, oxidation, reduction, and decarboxylation. The synthesis of this molecule requires blood group O as an acceptor.</p>

<p>2,5-Anhydro-6-azido-3,6-dideoxy-L-arabino-hexonic acid methyl ester (ADAEM) is a modified sugar that can be used as a building block for oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. ADAEM is a monosaccharide with six hydroxyl groups. This modification of the sugar molecule prevents it from participating in glycosidic bond formation. ADAEM has been shown to be resistant to enzymatic degradation and has high purity. It is also stable at high temperatures and pH ranges.</p>

<p>Ulvans are structural polysaccharides present in the cell walls of green algae such as Ulva armoricana, Ulva rotondata, Ulva rigida, Ulva lacterca and Ulva pertusa. They are highly sulphated and contain rhamnose 3-sulphate, xylose, xylose 2-sulphate, glucuronic acid and iduronic acid residues.  Ulvan has several potentially valuable functionalities such as gel formation for agricultural and food applications. It has also an anticoagulant, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic and antitumor activities that are attractive for pharmaceutical applications.<br>The image was kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.</p>

<p>6-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranose is a fluorinated carbohydrate that belongs to the group of saccharides. It is a monosaccharide and can be custom synthesized for specific purposes. This product has been modified with click chemistry, methylation, and glycosylation. 6-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranose is soluble in water and has high purity.</p>

<p>D-Sorbose is a monosaccharide that belongs to the group of sugar alcohols. It is a reducing sugar that can be used as an alternative for sugar in food and pharmaceutical industries. D-Sorbose has been shown to have potential industrial applications due to its high solubility, low melting point, and resistance to crystallization. The enzyme ribitol dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli was found to be active with D-sorbitol, but not with l-sorbitol. This indicates that D-sorbitol is a better substrate for this enzyme than L-sorbitol.</p>

<p>2-Methylphenyl 4-O-benzyl-a-L-thiorhamnopyranoside is a custom synthesis that can be modified to suit the needs of the customer. It is a fluorinated oligosaccharide with a complex carbohydrate structure. The product has been shown to have high purity and will be synthesized according to customer specifications. 2-Methylphenyl 4-O-benzyl-a-L-thiorhamnopyranoside is an oligosaccharide that contains a saccharide and monosaccharide unit, which are linked together by glycosidic bonds. This product is also known as methylated thioretinamide or MTT.</p>

<p>(2R,3R,4R)-N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-2-hydroxymethyl-3,4-pyrrolidinediol is a custom synthesis of polysaccharide that is modified with methylation and glycosylation. It is a complex carbohydrate that has been synthesized using Click chemistry. The product is fluorinated and has high purity.</p>

<p>This beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative is a functionalized cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, characterized by a hydrophilic exterior and a lipophilic cavity (bigger than α-CD and smaller than γ-CDs), which allows it to encapsulate various guest molecules. This structural feature facilitates its use in multiple applications, including pharmaceuticals, food enhancement, and cosmetics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it enhances the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs, improving their bioavailability and efficacy while also masking unpleasant tastes. The food sector utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, extending shelf life by protecting sensitive ingredients from degradation. In cosmetics, it serves as a complexing agent for fragrances and active components, ensuring their stability and controlled release. Its use expands to many other fields, including nanotechnology for drug delivery systems, environmental remediation for extracting organic pollutants, textiles for slow-release fragrances, and analytical chemistry for chiral separation.</p>

<p>UDP-a-D-galactose ammonium salt is a nucleotide sugar that is synthesized from uridine and D-galactose. It plays a role in cellular energy metabolism by providing substrate for the synthesis of phospholipids and glycolipids. UDP-a-D-galactose ammonium salt has been shown to be involved in the transcriptional regulation of genes encoding enzymes involved in galactose metabolism. This nucleotide sugar also has been shown to be an exogenous acceptor for various oligosaccharides, including those present on glycoproteins and glycolipids.</p>

<p>This β-glucan contain D-glucose residues with β-1,3 links and b-1-6 side branches. The frequency, location, and length of the sidechains may play a role in immunomodulation. Differences in molecular weight, shape, and structure of β-glucans can also affect the differences in biological activity. The water-soluble β-D-glucan is extracted from fruiting bodies of Piptoporus betulinus by hot aqueous extraction, followed by freeze-thawing and dialysis. Methylation analysis and NMR spectroscopy, indicated the presence of a β-D-glucan with a main chain (1,3)-linked, substituted at O-6 by single glucose residues.<br>The image was kindly provided by Dr. Chris Lawson.</p>

<p>Glycosylation is a process that attaches a sugar molecule to an amino acid or protein in the form of a glycosidic linkage. The attachment of the sugar molecule can be accomplished by either an enzymatic or chemical process. The type of glycosylation determines the type of linkage, which can be alpha-N-glycosidic (α-N), beta-N-glycosidic (β-N), or N-acetyl--galactosamine (NAG). Methylation is a process that changes one or more hydroxyl groups on a compound into methyl groups. It is usually performed with compounds containing alcohol groups (-OH) on their molecules. Click modification is a chemical reaction used to attach two chemical compounds together. It usually involves the use of copper(I) chloride, copper(II) chloride, and other reagents such as tetrabutylammonium bromide and potassium bromide. Click modification has been</p>

<p>2-C-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)methyl-2,3:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-L-gulono-1.4-lactone is a synthetic monosaccharide that is a modification of L-Gulono Oligosaccharide, which is a polysaccharide. 2C-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)methyl -2,3:5,6-di--O--isopropylidene--L--gulono 1.4 lactone is also known as 2C-(tert butyldimethylsilyloxy) methyl -2,3:5,6--di--O--isopropylidene--L--gulono 1.4 lactone and is used in the manufacture of saccharides and carbohydrates. It can be found in the</p>

<p>Bacterial exopolysaccharide from gram negative Flavobacterium spp.</p>

<p>Gypsogenin-3-O-glucuronide is a saponin found in the roots of Gypsophila paniculata, a plant native to China. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. Gypsogenin-3-O-glucuronide has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in mice by inhibiting protein synthesis. The pentasaccharides that make up gypsogenin are present in different proportions, which leads to differences in the biological activity of this compound. This is one of the reasons why saponins have not yet been fully explored for potential use in medicine.</p>

<p>Tetra-guluronic acid sodium salt (1,4-linked α-L-sodium guluronotetraose) is one of a number of oligosaccharides obtained from alginate, a polysaccharide from brown seaweeds. It contains blocks of: repeating mannuronic acid sequences (M-M-M-M etc), repeating guluronic acid sequences (G-G-G-G etc), and alternating M-G-M-G sequences. This oligosaccharide can be released by acid hydrolysis and a number of biological activities have been discussed in a recent review.</p>

<p>3-Deoxy-D-glucosone is a compound that belongs to the group of monosaccharides and has a basic structure. It can be found in many types of biological samples, including blood. The x-ray diffraction data for 3-deoxy-D-glucosone shows an asymmetric unit of two molecules with a coordination geometry of 2.3. This compound is known to have high protein oxidation rates, which are caused by dna binding activity. 3-Deoxyglucosone has been shown to be involved in the pathogenic mechanism of many types of cancers.</p>

<p>The device is a leafed, solid-state, responsive device that connects with the user's skin. It measures the user's skin conductance and then produces a signal corresponding to the degree of deliquescence based on a theory that links biophilia to evolutionary circuitry. The device has been shown to be effective in combination with other devices.</p>

<p>D-Gulose is a sugar that has been shown to have inhibitory properties on blood glucose levels. It also has insulin-like effects and can be used as an alternative to insulin injections in patients with Type 1 diabetes. D-Gulose is metabolized by the liver into 5-deoxy-D-gluconic acid and then into glucose, which can then be used for cellular energy production. The rate constant for this process was determined in experiments using rat liver slices. D-Gulose may also have potent angiogenic effects, as it increased the proliferation of pluripotent cells and caused significant increases in growth factor β1 expression. D-Gulose may also have potential anti-cancer effects, as it inhibited nitrate reductase activity in tumor cells and decreased xanthine oxidase activity.</p>

<p>Trehalose is a non-reducing sugar that is naturally found in some plants and animals. It is a disaccharide formed by two glucose molecules linked together with an alpha,alpha glycosidic bond. Trehalose has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria through the inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis and the production of lactic acid. Trehalose has also been shown to have excipients that are used as lubricants or suspending agents in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food products, and animal feed. Trehalose can be used as a substitute for propionate in order to create endotoxin-free aqueous solutions.</p>

<p>3-Deoxy-D-galactopyranose is a galectin that has been synthetically produced. It has shown to be an antagonist of galactoside, which may be useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The synthetic method for this molecule is still being developed.</p>

<p>This beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative is a functionalized cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, characterized by a hydrophilic exterior and a lipophilic cavity (bigger than α-CD and smaller than γ-CDs), which allows it to encapsulate various guest molecules. This structural feature facilitates its use in multiple applications, including pharmaceuticals, food enhancement, and cosmetics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it enhances the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs, improving their bioavailability and efficacy while also masking unpleasant tastes. The food sector utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, extending shelf life by protecting sensitive ingredients from degradation. In cosmetics, it serves as a complexing agent for fragrances and active components, ensuring their stability and controlled release. Its use expands to many other fields, including nanotechnology for drug delivery systems, environmental remediation for extracting organic pollutants, textiles for slow-release fragrances, and analytical chemistry for chiral separation.</p>

<p>Major milk pentasaccharide; reduces respiratory and gastrointestinal pathologies</p>

<p>L-Gluconic acid calcium salt is a white crystalline powder. It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. The structure of this compound has not been fully elucidated, but it is known to be a modification of L-gluconic acid, which is a monosaccharide. This product can be used as a biochemical reagent for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.</p>

<p>2-O-Benzoyl-3,4-O-benzylidene-D-ribono-1,5-lactone (2BBL) is a glycosylation agent that can be used for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It is also an effective methylating agent for glycosides and saccharides. 2BBL is fluorinated to yield 2FBL, which has been shown to be a powerful click reagent. The CAS number for 2BBL is 53478-55-0. This product is custom synthesized in high purity and can also be used as a monosaccharide in oligosaccharide synthesis.</p>

<p>Melezitose is a non-reducing trisaccharide that is produced by many plant sap-consuming insects, such as aphids (e.g. Cinara pilicornis).  Melezitose is a component of honeydew which acts as an attractant for ants and also as food for bees. Partial hydrolysis of melizitose releases glucose and turanose, an isomer of sucrose.</p>

<p>Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-α-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis that can be used in the modification of complex carbohydrates. It is a high purity oligosaccharide with click modification and fluorination. The product is a monosaccharide sugar that has been synthesized by the process of glycosylation and hydrolysis. Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-α-D-glucopyranoside also has an Oligosaccharide, Polysaccharide, saccharide, Carbohydrate, Fluorination, complex carbohydrate, High purity, Modification, Monosaccharide, sugar, Synthetic.</p>

<p>Methyl α-D- glucopyranoside is a methylated sugar used as an inhibitor of lectin-conjugate binding. Methyl α-D- glucopyranoside is commonly used in protein purification for eluting glycoproteins and other glycoconjugates from affinity chromatography columns of agarose lectin. Methyl α-D- glucopyranoside is also known as Methyl alpha-D-glucoside or alpha-Methyl-glucoside.</p>

<p>D-Arabonic acid-1,4-lactone is a synthetic sugar that is modified to produce a variety of carbohydrates. This product can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. It is also used as a carbohydrate in the production of saccharide-based polymers, such as polysaccharides or polyols. This product has CAS number 2782-09-4 and a purity level of ≥99%.</p>

<p>(1R) -1- [(2S, 3R) - N-Benzyl-3- hydroxy- 1- azetidinyl] -1, 2- ethanediol is a synthetic product that can be custom synthesized. It has been used in glycosylation reactions to produce oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. The chemical composition of the product is: C6H10O5 (CAS No. ).</p>

<p>2-Keto-D-glucose is a substrate molecule that is used in the study of plant physiology, enzyme kinetics, and metabolic regulation. It has been shown to be an important factor in redox potential and the activation of detoxification enzymes. 2-Keto-D-glucose has also been found to be an important factor in energy metabolism, as it can be converted into pyruvate and acetyl CoA. 2-Keto-D-glucose is a common substrate molecule for many enzymes, including glycolytic enzymes, hexokinase, alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and phosphofructokinase. 2-Keto-D-glucose has also been found to play a role in human blood serum biochemistry by acting as a substrate for erythrocyte D glucose transporter protein and glycerol kinase.</p>

<p>Benzyl 6-O-benzyl 2-deoxy-3-O-(R)-1'-ethoxycarbonylethyl)-2-(2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonylamino)-a-D-glucopyranoside is a methylated saccharide. It is a modified sugar that is synthesized by reacting benzyl alcohol with deoxyribose and chloroacetic acid in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride. The product is an important building block for oligosaccharides and glycosides. This compound is not found in nature, but can be used to study the structure and properties of natural carbohydrates. Benzyl 6-O-benzyl 2-deoxy-3-O-(R)-1'-ethoxycarbonylethyl)-2-(2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonylamino)-a-D-glucopyr</p>

<p>1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-pivaloyl-6-O-triisopropylsilyl-b-D-glucopyranose is a high purity custom synthesis sugar. It has been modified with fluorination and glycosylation. The CAS number for this product is 8071-79-8. Synthetic modification of the sugar to form an oligosaccharide or monosaccharide can also be performed. This product is a complex carbohydrate that contains saccharides in the form of a sugar molecule linked together by glycosidic bonds.</p>

<p>Methyl 3,5-di-O-benzyl-D-xylofuranoside can also be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of other xylo or oligo related compounds.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-4-O-{2-acetamido-4-O-[3-O-[2,4-di-O-(2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxyb -D-glucopyranosyl)-a,D -mannopyranosyl]-6-O-[2,6 -di(2 -acetamido)-b -D -glucopyranosyl]-b D mannopyranosyl]] b D mannopyranosyl} 2,6 dideoxy b D glucopyranosyl} 6 O-(a L fucopyranosyl)}</p>

<p>2,4-Dihydroxy-2-hydromethylbutanoic acid-1,4-lactone is a hydroxy anion that can be synthesized by the lactonization of 2,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid. The compound has been used to produce polymeric adsorbents for chromatographic purposes.</p>

<p>4-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-L-fucopyranose is a synthetic oligosaccharide that is synthesized from the sugar 4-O-(2,3,4,6 tetraacetyl) fucose. It can be used as a substrate for glycosylation reactions and may also be used to modify other compounds. This product can be fluorinated or methylated and has a CAS number. The purity of this product is high with no detectable impurities.</p>

<p>Benzyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-a-D-glucopyranoside is an acetamido sugar molecule that has been synthesized by the reaction of benzyl alcohol with a glucoside. This compound has been shown to have potential antihistamine and anticancer activities, as well as being a potential building block for the synthesis of nucleosides. The benzyl group in this sugar molecule is vicinal and the hydroxyl groups are anilines. The conformation of this molecule is determined by lysine and arginine residues on the 3' end of the sugar chain. In order to synthesize this compound, anhydrous DMSO was used as a solvent. This chemical's properties were measured using NMR spectroscopy.</p>

<p>3-O-(2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-2-azido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-a-D--galactopyranosyl (TBS) is a synthetic carbohydrate that has been modified with fluorine and methyl groups. It is a complex carbohydrate that can be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and other saccharides. TBS is a monosaccharide that can be glycosylated or methylated to form many different products. This product can be custom synthesized to meet specific customer needs.</p>

<p>Intracellular form of GlcNAc; substrate for GlcNAc-phosphate deacetylase</p>

<p>Methyl 2,4-di-O-methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside is a selectively protected glucose glycoside</p>

<p>(2R, 4S) - 3- Fluoro- 1- (phenylmethyl) -2,4- azetidinedimethanol is a high purity custom synthesis. It is synthesized by Click modification, fluorination and glycosylation. It is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and saccharides. The CAS number for this compound is 43425-49-8.</p>