Steroids

<p>Applications (17β)​-​17-​Hydroxyandrost-​5-​en-​3-​one is a reagent in the synthesis of new hedgehog signaling inhibitors which may be used in cancer treatments.<br>References Xu, C. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 141, 5381 (2019)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.<br>References Parmentier, G. , et al.: Steroids, 30, 583 (1977), Tserng, K.Y., et al.: Lipids, 13, 479 (1978),<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydrocortisone Hemisuccinate Sodium is a derivative of the glucocorticoid Hydrocortisone (H714615). Hydrocortisone Hemisuccinate Sodium is used as an anti-inflammatory agent. Hydrocortisone Hemisuccinate Sodium is widely used in the treatment of asthma, endocrine disorders, dermatological disorders, allergic states, etc.<br>References Akatsuka, K. et al.: Mei. Yak. Daig. Ken. Kiyo, 5, 11 (1975); Tank, N.A. et al.: Res. J. Pharmac. Biol. Chem. Sci., 2, 817 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Ent-Fisetinidol-(4alpha-&gt;8)-catechin-(6-&gt;4alpha)-ent-fisetinidol is a complex flavan-3-ol oligomer, which is a type of polyphenolic compound commonly found in various plant species. This compound is derived primarily from plants such as those in the genus *Acacia* and other similar species rich in condensed tannins. The mode of action of this oligomer involves its ability to engage in antioxidant activities, which include scavenging free radicals and chelating metal ions that facilitate oxidative stress in biological systems.</p>

<p>Beclomethasone dipropionate is a synthetic corticosteroid, which is derived from beclomethasone, a glucocorticoid steroid. Its mode of action involves binding to specific intracellular glucocorticoid receptors. This binding modulates the transcription of glucocorticoid-responsive genes, leading to the synthesis of anti-inflammatory proteins and the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production. This reduces airway inflammation, edema, and mucus production, and enhances the responsiveness of beta-adrenergic receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, facilitating bronchodilation.</p>

<p>Betamethasone enol aldehyde Z isomer is a synthetic corticosteroid, which is derived from modifications of the naturally occurring glucocorticoid, cortisol. Its structure has been altered to enhance anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive potency. As a Z isomer, it exhibits specific stereochemistry, potentially affecting its pharmacokinetics and interactions at the molecular level.</p>

<p>Formononetin is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is a type of phytoestrogen found predominantly in legumes like red clover and other related plant species. It is a secondary metabolite that influences various biological processes by interacting with estrogen receptors. Formononetin acts primarily by mimicking or modulating the activity of natural estrogens within the body, binding to estrogen receptors and influencing gene expression and cellular responses.</p>

<p>Pseudoprotodioscin is a bioactive saponin compound, which is primarily derived from various plant sources, including members of the genus Tribulus. The compound is part of a larger family of steroidal saponins known for their diverse biological activities. Its mode of action includes influencing cellular pathways through modulation of enzyme activity and interaction with steroid hormone receptors, contributing to its bioactivity.</p>

<p>Epibrassinolide is a plant growth regulator, which is a synthetic analog of brassinosteroids derived from natural plant steroids. It exerts its effects through modulating gene expression and activating signaling pathways that enhance cell elongation, division, and differentiation. Additionally, Epibrassinolide plays a crucial role in improving a plant's tolerance to environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, and temperature extremes. It is widely used in agricultural research and practices to boost crop yield and quality. Researchers apply Epibrassinolide to study its potential in promoting growth, increasing resistance to pathogens, and enhancing overall plant vitality. Its applications extend to various plant species, where it is utilized to explore genetic expressions and physiological adaptations in response to its regulatory effects.</p>

<p>Cholesterol 3-sulfate sodium salt is a fine chemical that is used as a versatile building block and reagent. It is a useful intermediate that can be used in the synthesis of complex compounds, speciality chemicals, and reaction components. Cholesterol 3-sulfate sodium salt can be used to synthesize cholesterol derivatives. This compound has been shown to have high reactivity with nucleophiles and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. The CAS number for Cholesterol 3-sulfate sodium salt is 2864-50-8.</p>

<p>Equilenin is a steroidal estrogen, which is a type of naturally occurring hormone. It is derived primarily from the urine of pregnant mares and belongs to the class of conjugated equine estrogens. In terms of its mode of action, equilenin functions by binding to estrogen receptors in various tissues, thereby modulating gene expression and influencing cellular activity. This interaction supports the management of estrogen deficiencies in postmenopausal women and can influence the regulation of certain metabolic processes.</p>

<p>Protodioscin is a steroidal saponin, which is a naturally occurring glycoside. It is predominantly sourced from the plant Tribulus terrestris but can also be found in other medicinal plants such as Dioscorea species. The mode of action of protodioscin involves its ability to influence the levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and other hormones, potentially affecting physiological functions related to vitality and performance.</p>

<p>Pregnenolone is a steroidal hormone precursor, which is synthesized from cholesterol in the mitochondria of adrenal glands and other tissues. Its mode of action involves serving as a precursor for other critical steroid hormones, including progesterone, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens. As a neurosteroid, it plays a significant role in modulating synaptic function and neurogenesis.</p>

<p>Cholesterol is a complex lipid molecule, which is an essential component of cell membranes in animals. It is primarily synthesized in the liver, though it can also be obtained from dietary sources such as meat, dairy, and eggs. Cholesterol's mode of action involves its incorporation into the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes, where it modulates fluidity and structural integrity, impacting membrane protein function and cellular signaling pathways.</p>

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<p>Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C) is a natural saponin compound, which is derived from the rhizomes of plants in the genus Paris, particularly Paris polyphylla. Known for its biological activity, Polyphyllin B functions primarily by disrupting cellular membranes and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells through various signaling pathways, including the mitochondrial pathway. This mechanism is attributed to its ability to interfere with cancer cell proliferation and promote cell death, making it a compound of interest in oncological research.</p>

<p>Gracillin is a steroidal saponin, which is a bioactive compound derived from the plant genus Dioscorea. This natural product is characterized by its complex glycoside structure, where a sugar moiety is attached to a steroid-like aglycone. The mode of action of Gracillin involves its interaction with cellular membranes, leading to increased cell membrane permeability. This action is thought to disrupt normal cellular functions, making it a compound of interest for studying membrane dynamics.</p>

<p>Pabulenol is an innovative biopolymer, which is synthesized from renewable plant-based resources through advanced biotechnological methods involving enzymatic polymerization. With its unique molecular structure, Pabulenol exhibits specific mode of action by facilitating biodegradation under ambient conditions, catalyzed by naturally occurring microbes. The polymer’s intrinsic ability to break down into non-toxic byproducts makes it an exceptional choice for sustainable environmental applications.</p>