Flavonoids

<p>Eriocitrin is a flavonoid compound, which is derived from citrus fruits, particularly lemons and limes. It is isolated from the peels and juice of these fruits, where it serves as one of the key constituents contributing to their nutritional and functional properties. The mode of action of eriocitrin involves its potent antioxidant activity. It acts by scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress at the cellular level, thereby imparting protective effects on cells and tissues.</p>

<p>5,7-Dimethoxyisoflavone is a synthetic isoflavone compound, which is derived from the chemical structure of naturally occurring isoflavones typically found in plants such as soy. It is designed to mimic certain properties of these plant-derived compounds with specific enhancements in its biochemical activity due to the addition of methoxy groups.</p>

<p>4'-Hydroxyflavone is a hydroxylated flavone, which is a type of organic compound belonging to the flavonoid family. These compounds are naturally found in a variety of plants, such as fruits, vegetables, and herbs, where they often contribute to pigmentation. This particular flavonoid possesses a hydroxyl group on its fourth carbon, structurally distinguishing it and potentially altering its biological activity compared to other flavones.</p>

<p>3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone is a synthetic flavone derivative, which is a type of polyphenolic compound structurally characterized by two methoxy groups attached to the flavone core. This compound is typically sourced through chemical synthesis, as flavones are widespread in nature but often require modification for specific scientific uses. The mode of action of 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone involves modulation of various biochemical pathways, including potential interactions with cellular enzymes and receptors. This modulation can influence antioxidant and inflammatory responses, among other effects.</p>

<p>An anti-inflammatory natural product</p>

<p>2'-Hydroxybiochanin A is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is a type of flavonoid typically derived from various plant sources, particularly legumes like red clover and soy. This compound is known for its potential therapeutic properties, functioning primarily through the modulation of various biochemical pathways. It acts as an antioxidant and may influence enzyme activity related to steroid metabolism, potentially impacting estrogenic activity and exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects.</p>

<p>2'-Hydroxydaidzein is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is a type of phytoestrogen found primarily in soybeans and other legumes. This compound is derived from plant sources, where it functions as a secondary metabolite with potential benefits to human health. Its mode of action is chiefly through its estrogenic activity, where it can bind to estrogen receptors and exert weak estrogen-like effects in the body. Additionally, 2'-Hydroxydaidzein exhibits antioxidative properties by neutralizing free radicals, thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress and potential damage.</p>

<p>5-Hydroxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid, which is a type of polyphenolic compound found in various plants. It is primarily derived from sources such as fruits, vegetables, and certain herbs. The mode of action of 5-Hydroxyflavone involves its ability to act as an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress. This compound may also interact with and modulate various signaling pathways in the body, influencing cellular functions and health outcomes.</p>

<p>7,3',4'-Trihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyflavone is a flavonoid compound, which is a type of naturally occurring polyphenol. It is primarily derived from various plant sources, including medicinal herbs and fruits, known for their bioactive properties. The mode of action of this compound is associated with its antioxidant activity, which involves scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress in biological systems.</p>

<p>5-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-8-prenylflavanone is a flavanone compound, a type of polyphenolic molecule. This compound is typically derived from certain plant sources, such as medicinal herbs, known for their rich flavonoid content. The mode of action of 5-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-8-prenylflavanone involves modulating biological pathways, potentially through antioxidant activities and interactions with cellular receptors and enzymes. Its bioactive properties contribute to its potential as a therapeutic agent.</p>

<p>Apigenin-7-neohesperidoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is derived primarily from certain plant species, including members of the Rutaceae family. It is characterized by its glycosidic linkage to apigenin, a well-known flavonoid. The source of this compound is often plant-derived extracts, where it is isolated using advanced phytochemical techniques.</p>

<p>Flavanone diacetyl hydrazone is a hydrogenated flavonoid derivative, which is synthesized from natural flavonoid sources. This compound exhibits its mode of action primarily through its ability to donate hydrogen atoms, effectively scavenging free radicals and inhibiting oxidative stress. Furthermore, it interacts with various cellular pathways to exert anti-inflammatory effects, making it a potential therapeutic agent in oxidative stress-related disorders.</p>

<p>Luteolin-7-glucuronide is a flavonoid glucuronide, which is a metabolite of luteolin found in various plants. It is a naturally occurring compound sourced primarily from herbs and vegetables such as celery, parsley, and artichokes. Its mode of action involves the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation through its capacity to scavenge free radicals and inhibit inflammatory pathways. This compound exerts its effects by modulating signaling pathways, such as NF-κB and MAPK, contributing to its anti-inflammatory properties.</p>

<p>Isopomiferin-3',4'-dimethyl ether is a bioactive compound, which is a naturally-occurring flavonoid derivative. It is sourced from various plant species, often found in traditional medicinal plants, exhibiting diverse biological activities due to its complex chemical structure. The mode of action involves interaction with cellular pathways, potentially influencing enzymes and receptor signaling, offering valuable insight into its biochemical and pharmacological properties.</p>

<p>Genkwanin is a flavonoid compound, which is a type of natural phenolic compound, often found in various plant sources, such as herbs like Daphne genkwa. This compound originates from plants known for their medicinal properties and is derived through the extraction and isolation of specific phytochemical constituents.</p>

<p>4'-Methoxyflavone is a synthetic flavonoid, which is derived from modifications of naturally occurring flavonoid structures. It is synthesized through chemical processes involving the methoxylation of flavonoids, commonly found in plants. The compound exhibits its mode of action primarily through antioxidant activity. By scavenging free radicals, 4'-Methoxyflavone helps to prevent oxidative stress at the cellular level, which can damage DNA, proteins, and lipids.</p>

<p>3,6-Dimethoxyflavone is a synthetic flavonoid derivative, which is a type of naturally occurring compound often found in a variety of plants. This methoxylated compound is characterized by the presence of two methoxy groups, which enhance its lipophilicity and bioavailability. Flavonoids, as a class, are well-known for their diverse biological activities, and 3,6-Dimethoxyflavone builds on this inherent property.</p>

<p>Vicenin-2 is a flavonoid glycoside, which is naturally found in various medicinal plants, particularly those belonging to the Asteraceae family. As a product of plant metabolism, it acts as a secondary metabolite with significant biological activities. Derived from sources like Ocimum sanctum (holy basil) and other botanicals, Vicenin-2's mode of action involves free radical scavenging and the modulation of enzymatic activity, contributing to its robust antioxidant properties.</p>

<p>6,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxyflavone is a natural flavonoid compound, which is a class of polyphenolic molecules found ubiquitously in plants. These compounds are synthesized via the phenylpropanoid pathway, predominantly in the leaves, flowers, and fruits of plants. 6,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxyflavone exhibits its effects primarily through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. It interacts with cellular pathways to scavenge free radicals and modulate signaling pathways involved in inflammation and oxidative stress.</p>

<p>3,7-Dimethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavone, which is a type of polyphenolic compound. It is sourced from various plant species, notably those within the genus *Kaempferia*, and can also be synthesized in laboratory settings. The compound is characterized by its distinct chemical structure, featuring methoxy groups at the 3 and 7 positions on the flavone backbone.</p>

<p>3-Hydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid, which is a subclass of polyphenolic compounds found in various plants. As a flavonoid, it is characterized by its polyphenolic structure and the presence of hydroxyl and methoxy groups, which are integral to its biological activity. Originating from diverse plant sources, these compounds are often isolated for their potential health benefits and biological activities.</p>

<p>Schaftoside is a naturally occurring flavonoid glycoside, which is derived from a variety of plant sources, particularly within the Leguminosae and Poaceae families. As a compound, it features a structural integration of apigenin linked to two units of glucose, establishing its classification within the group of C-glycosyl flavonoids. Its mode of action involves interactions with various molecular pathways, implying antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This is attributed to its capacity to scavenge free radicals and modulate signal transduction processes involving cytokines and transcription factors.</p>

<p>7,8-Dihydroxyisoflavone is an isoflavone compound, which is a naturally derived product found predominantly in plants like Trifolium pratense, also known as red clover. It is classified as a selective tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) agonist, which means it can mimic the action of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein crucial for neuronal survival, growth, and differentiation in the central nervous system.</p>

<p>Pinocembrin is a flavonoid compound, which is a type of polyphenolic molecule, extracted primarily from honey, propolis, and various plants. It is characterized by its unique structure allowing it to function effectively as an antioxidant. The mode of action of Pinocembrin involves scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, which contributes to its protective effects on cells and tissues.</p>

<p>6,2'-Dimethoxyflavone is a flavonoid compound, which is a type of secondary metabolite commonly found in plants. This compound is derived from various plant sources, where it acts as a natural antioxidant. The mode of action of 6,2'-Dimethoxyflavone includes modulation of signaling pathways involved in inflammation and cell proliferation. It influences the activity of specific enzymes and receptors, such as kinases and growth factor receptors, thereby affecting cellular responses.</p>

<p>7,2',4'-Trimethoxyisoflavone is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is primarily found in certain plant species. As a derivative of the isoflavone family, it is sourced from botanical origins known for their rich content of phytoestrogens. The mode of action of 7,2',4'-Trimethoxyisoflavone is linked to its potential antioxidant properties, where it may interact with cellular mechanisms to mitigate oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals.</p>

<p>3,7,8,3'-Tetramethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound, which is derived from various plant sources, particularly those in the genus Kaempferia and others known for their rich phytochemical profiles. As a secondary metabolite, it has been studied for its potential pharmacological benefits and biological activities. The mode of action of 3,7,8,3'-Tetramethoxyflavone includes modulation of signaling pathways and interaction with specific enzymes and receptors, contributing to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and potential anticancer properties. Researchers have explored its effects on cellular processes such as apoptosis and cell cycle regulation, making it a compound of interest in drug discovery and development. Additionally, 3,7,8,3'-Tetramethoxyflavone has been investigated for its role in neuroprotection and its capacity to interact with biochemical pathways involved in neurodegenerative diseases. This compound continues to be a focal point in studies aimed at understanding its contributions to health and disease prevention at the molecular level.</p>

<p>Myricetin methylether is a flavonoid derivative, which is a naturally occurring compound structurally related to the primary flavonoid, myricetin. This compound is typically derived from plant sources, where myricetin and its derivatives are commonly found in various fruits, vegetables, and herbs. The primary mode of action of myricetin methylether involves its interaction with cellular oxidative processes and enzyme modulation, which can lead to a variety of biological effects, including antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibition.</p>

<p>5-Methyl-7-hydroxyisoflavone is a naturally occurring isoflavone metabolite, which is derived primarily from the metabolic process of certain plant-derived flavonoids. Its source includes various legumes and other plants known for their rich isoflavone profiles. The compound acts principally by modulating cellular signaling pathways, including those involved in inflammation and oxidative stress response.</p>

<p>Quercetin 3-b-D-galactoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a type of polyphenolic compound. It is derived primarily from various fruits and vegetables, as it is a naturally occurring plant metabolite. This compound acts as an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress.</p>

<p>3,7-Dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone is a flavonoid compound, which is a type of polyphenolic molecule known for its diverse roles in biological systems. This compound is naturally sourced from various plants, where it functions as a secondary metabolite contributing to the plant's defense mechanisms. Its biochemical mode of action primarily involves scavenging free radicals, thereby exerting antioxidant effects. In addition, it modulates key signaling pathways to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects.</p>

<p>3-Hydroxy-5,6,2'-trimethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid, which is a type of polyphenolic compound found predominantly in various plants. These compounds are known for their diverse biological activities, often exerting significant pharmacological effects. This particular flavonoid is commonly sourced from medicinal plants and has been the subject of research due to its potential therapeutic benefits.</p>

<p>6-O-Acetyldaidzin is a chemical compound that serves as an isoflavone derivative, primarily obtained from the acetylation of daidzin. This compound is a naturally occurring glycoside found in soy products and other leguminous plants, acting as a bioactive constituent with diverse pharmacological properties.</p>

<p>Luteolin-7-rutinoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is typically sourced from various plant species, including Japanese honeysuckle and passionflower. This compound is known for its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The mode of action of Luteolin-7-rutinoside involves the modulation of several signaling pathways and inhibition of oxidative stress at the molecular level. This is achieved by scavenging free radicals and reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. As a result, it can mitigate cellular damage and inflammation.</p>

<p>3,3',4',7-Tetrahydroxyflavanone is a flavanone compound, which is a type of polyphenolic molecule. This compound is primarily derived from various plant sources, where it occurs naturally in fruits, vegetables, and certain herbs. Its structure is characterized by its multiple hydroxyl groups, which contribute to its chemical reactivity and biological interactions.</p>

<p>7-Hydroxyflavanone is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound, which is predominantly isolated from plants, particularly citrus fruits. Its biochemical significance stems from its ability to exert various physiological effects, likely due to its structural characteristics. As a flavonoid, it possesses a range of hydroxyl groups, which contribute to its antioxidant properties. This compound interacts with biological molecules, influencing cellular pathways and modulating enzyme activities.</p>

<p>7,2'-Dihydroxy-4',5'-dimethoxyisoflavone is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is a type of flavonoid commonly found in various plants. Isoflavones are primarily sourced from legumes and are prevalent in dietary phytoestrogens. The mode of action of this compound involves modulation of cellular pathways due to its antioxidant properties and potential to interact with estrogen receptors. Such interactions may influence gene expression and cell proliferation in specific tissue types.</p>

<p>7,8,4'-Trihydroxyflavone is a synthetic flavonoid compound, which is a type of polyphenolic molecule derived through chemical synthesis. Its structure mimics naturally occurring flavonoids found in various plants but is specifically designed and manufactured in laboratory settings to achieve precise molecular composition and enhanced activity.</p>

<p>3',4',7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavone is a polyhydroxyflavone compound, which is a type of flavonoid systematically derived from plant sources known for their rich polyphenolic content. It is characterized primarily by the presence of multiple hydroxyl groups that contribute to its significant biochemical activity. This compound exhibits its mode of action through the modulation of various biochemical pathways, primarily through its antioxidant properties that enable it to scavenge free radicals, thus reducing oxidative stress within biological systems.</p>

<p>5-Hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavone, which is a type of polyphenolic compound found in various plants. It is derived from plant sources, specifically from certain species that are known for their rich phenolic content. The mode of action of this compound involves antioxidant activity, where it scavenges free radicals and reduces oxidative stress, which may contribute to its health-related properties.</p>

<p>Inhibits CYP3A4 and Shad 3 transcription; antioxidant; anti-tumor</p>

<p>(-)-Pinostrobin is a natural flavonoid compound, which is predominantly found in various plant species, including members of the genus *Cajanus* and *Zingiber*. As a chiral molecule, it exhibits bioactive properties leading to multiple pharmacological effects. The mode of action of (-)-Pinostrobin involves modulation of various biochemical pathways, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. It interacts with cellular enzymes and receptors, exerting its effects through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhancing cellular antioxidant defenses.</p>

<p>5,3'-Dimethoxyflavone is a flavone derivative, which is a compound within the larger class of flavonoids. These compounds are primarily sourced from various plant species, where they contribute to pigmentation, growth, and defense. The presence of methoxy groups in this molecule alters its chemical properties, enhancing its solubility and bioavailability, which are critical for biological activity.</p>

<p>7,2'-Dimethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavone compound, which is a type of phytochemical widely distributed in the plant kingdom. It is derived from various plant sources, particularly within species known for traditional medicinal uses. The compound exhibits multiple modes of action, primarily interacting with cellular pathways related to oxidative stress and enzyme modulation. It acts as an inhibitor of specific enzymatic processes, contributing to its potential therapeutic effects.</p>

<p>6-Hydroxyluteolin is a flavonoid, which is a type of polyphenolic compound found in various plants. It is primarily sourced from plant species such as the Asteraceae family, including herbs like sage and parsley. The mode of action of 6-Hydroxyluteolin involves its capacity to scavenge free radicals, thereby exerting antioxidant effects. This activity is mediated through the donation of electrons or hydrogen atoms to reactive oxygen species, neutralizing them and preventing cellular damage.</p>

<p>Sigmoidin B is a natural compound that is classified as a terpenoid, which is sourced from certain species of terrestrial and marine plants. Its bioactive properties stem from its ability to interact with cellular components, particularly by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, thereby exhibiting potent cytotoxic effects. The mode of action involves disruption of cellular pathways that are crucial for cancer cell survival and proliferation.</p>

<p>3'-Methoxy-β-naphthoflavone is a synthetic compound, classified as a flavonoid derivative, which is widely utilized in scientific research as a potent inducer and modulator of cytochrome P450 enzymes, particularly CYP1A1 and CYP1A2. Its source is entirely chemical synthesis, allowing for controlled study of its physiological effects without interference from naturally occurring impurities.</p>

<p>6-Prenylnaringenin is a prenylflavonoid, which is a type of isoflavonoid, primarily derived from hops (Humulus lupulus). It is recognized for its potent phytoestrogenic properties, functioning as a selective agonist for estrogen receptors. By binding to estrogen receptors, 6-Prenylnaringenin can modulate estrogenic activities within the body, influencing various biological processes.</p>

<p>2'-Benzyloxy-7,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone is a synthetic isoflavone, which is primarily derived from the benzyl ether of naturally occurring flavones. Isoflavones are typically sourced from plants, such as soybeans, and are known for their estrogenic activity and various biological effects. The modification to produce 2'-Benzyloxy-7,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone involves chemical synthesis that retains the core isoflavone structure while introducing specific substituents to enhance its biological properties.</p>

<p>6,3'-Dihydroxydaidzein is an isoflavonoid compound, which is a type of naturally occurring polyphenol. This compound is primarily sourced from plants, particularly legumes like soybeans, where it functions as a metabolite in the daidzein biosynthesis pathway. Mechanistically, 6,3'-Dihydroxydaidzein exhibits antioxidant properties by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting oxidative stress at the cellular level.</p>

<p>7,3-Dihydroxyflavone is a potent small-molecule flavonoid, which is a naturally occurring compound sourced primarily from plants. This compound functions as a selective agonist for the TrkB receptor, which is the high-affinity receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). By mimicking BDNF, 7,3-Dihydroxyflavone activates intracellular signaling pathways that are crucial for neuronal survival, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity.</p>

<p>Gossypetin-7-glucoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a naturally occurring compound found primarily in plants. This substance is derived from the flavonoid gossypetin, which is a member of the flavonoid class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites in plants, predominantly sourced from cotton plants. The mode of action of gossypetin-7-glucoside is largely attributed to its antioxidant properties. It acts by scavenging free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress and potentially mitigating cellular damage.</p>

<p>Kaempferol is a naturally occurring flavonoid, which is a type of plant secondary metabolite, prevalent in a variety of fruits, vegetables, and plants such as kale, beans, tea, broccoli, apples, and grapes. It belongs to the class of flavonols, which are compounds that contribute to the pigments of plants. Kaempferol is typically sourced through plant extraction processes and is often found in significant amounts in dietary sources.</p>

<p>6,7-Dimethoxy-3',4',5-trihydroxyflavone is a specialized flavonoid compound, which is commonly isolated from plant sources known for their rich polyphenolic content. These compounds are typically synthesized by plants as secondary metabolites, playing critical roles in plant defense and pigmentation. The mode of action of 6,7-Dimethoxy-3',4',5-trihydroxyflavone primarily involves its potent antioxidant activity, where it effectively scavenges free radicals and inhibits oxidative stress at the cellular level. This antioxidant property is attributed to its ability to donate hydrogen atoms or electrons, thereby neutralizing potentially damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS).</p>

<p>Equol-7,4'-dimethyl ether is a bioactive compound, which is an isoflavone derivative. It is primarily sourced from certain plant-based materials through natural biosynthesis or fermentation processes. Its mode of action involves mimicking estrogenic activity, where it exhibits selective affinity for estrogen receptors, particularly ER-beta. This interaction can modulate various biological responses linked to estrogen, which are crucial for understanding its potential therapeutic effects.</p>

<p>Ficifolinol is a bioactive compound, which is a naturally occurring phenolic compound derived from the plant genus *Eucalyptus*, particularly from the species known for their rich bioactive profiles. Ficifolinol acts primarily through its antioxidant mechanisms, scavenging free radicals and inhibiting oxidative stress, thereby contributing to cellular protection and stability.</p>

<p>Daidzein is an isoflavone compound, which is a type of phytoestrogen primarily sourced from soybeans and other legumes. It exhibits estrogenic activity through its ability to bind to estrogen receptors, albeit with less potency than endogenous estrogens. This selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) can mimic or modulate natural estrogen effects in the body, depending on the physiological context.</p>

<p>Eriodictyol-7-neohesperidoside is a flavonoid glycoside, a type of compound that naturally occurs in certain plant species, notably within the genus Eriodictyon. This compound is a derivative of eriodictyol, which is found widely in citrus fruits. Its mode of action is primarily linked to its ability to interact with taste receptors, making it notable for its potential to modulate taste perceptions, specifically in the context of bitterness. This makes it of significant interest in the field of food science and technology.</p>

<p>3-Hydroxy-6,3',4',5'-tetramethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid, which is derived from various plant sources, including certain species of the genus Chromolaena. It belongs to a class of polyphenolic compounds known for their potential biological activities. This flavonoid acts primarily through antioxidant mechanisms, where it scavenges free radicals and inhibits oxidative stress pathways. Additionally, it can modulate various signaling pathways, implicating roles in anti-inflammatory processes and cellular protection.</p>

<p>Swertiajaponin is a natural bioactive compound, classified as a flavonoid glycoside, which is derived from the plant Swertia japonica. Swertia japonica, a member of the Gentianaceae family, is predominantly found in East Asia, where it has been traditionally used in herbal medicine. As with many bioactive compounds, swertiajaponin exhibits its pharmacological effects through various biochemical interactions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. It is known to modulate cellular pathways and free radical scavenging, contributing to its therapeutic potential.</p>

<p>3-Hydroxy-6,2',4'-trimethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid derivative, which is a type of secondary metabolite primarily found in various plant species. This compound is derived from the flavonoid family, known for their diverse biological activities and health-related benefits. The mode of action of 3-Hydroxy-6,2',4'-trimethoxyflavone involves its interaction with molecular pathways associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potentially anti-cancer activities. It is thought to modulate signaling pathways that play crucial roles in cellular homeostasis, making it a compound of interest in pharmacological research.</p>

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<p>Quercetin 3-O-xyloside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is typically isolated from various plant sources, such as fruits, vegetables, and herbs. This compound is characterized by the presence of a quercetin molecule attached to a xylose sugar moiety, influencing its solubility and biological activity.</p>

<p>Isoliquiritin is a bioactive compound, specifically a flavonoid, which is derived from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra, commonly known as licorice. It possesses diverse pharmacological properties with multiple modes of action, notably influencing pathways involved in oxidative stress and inflammation. Isoliquiritin acts as an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage at the cellular level. Additionally, it exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting specific signaling pathways like NF-κB.</p>

<p>3,5,7,8,3',4'-Hexahydroxyflavone is a specialized flavonoid, which is a type of polyphenolic compound found naturally in plants. This compound is derived from various botanical sources, particularly in leaves and peels where flavonoids are abundant. The presence of multiple hydroxyl groups contributes to its potent antioxidant activity, allowing it to scavenge free radicals effectively.</p>

<p>R,S-Equol is a racemic mixture, classified as an isoflavandiol compound, which is synthesized from the metabolism of soy isoflavones, specifically daidzein, by gut microbiota. It acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with a preference for estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). This compound demonstrates the ability to bind these receptors, mimicking the action of estrogen, but with selective modulation and lower activity than natural estrogen.</p>

<p>Apigenin-7-diglucuronide is a naturally occurring flavonoid derivative compound, which is primarily derived from various plant sources such as parsley, chamomile, and celery. It represents a glucuronidation product of apigenin, a process involving enzymatic attachment of glucuronic acid to the molecule, enhancing its water solubility and bioavailability.</p>

<p>Acerosin is a naturally derived antibiotic compound, sourced from Streptomyces bacteria, with a unique dual mode of action. It exhibits both antimicrobial activity and anti-inflammatory effects. The antimicrobial action is primarily achieved through disruption of bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell lysis. Additionally, Acerosin modulates immune responses by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which reduces inflammation at the site of infection.</p>

<p>Liquiritin apioside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is predominantly derived from the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, commonly known as licorice. This compound acts primarily through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which involve the modulation of various cellular pathways. Specifically, it influences the activity of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers, potentially inhibiting pathways such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB).</p>

<p>4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone is a naturally occurring flavonoid, which is a type of polyphenolic compound found in various plants. These compounds are well-regarded for their potential health benefits and are often derived from natural sources such as fruits, vegetables, and certain herbs. The mode of action of 4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone involves its interaction with free radicals, effectively neutralizing them due to its antioxidant properties. By mitigating oxidative stress, it may exert a protective effect at the cellular level.</p>

<p>Ononin is an isoflavonoid glycoside, which is derived from various plant sources, including species of the genus Ononis. It is primarily sourced from the roots and aerial parts of these plants, where it occurs as a natural constituent. The mode of action of Ononin involves its hydrolysis to form its aglycone, formononetin, which is known to exhibit estrogenic activity due to its structural similarity to estrogenic compounds.</p>

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<p>Wogonoside is a naturally occurring flavonoid glycoside, which is derived primarily from Scutellaria baicalensis, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. It functions through its ability to modulate various biochemical pathways, demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Wogonoside exerts its effects by inhibiting key enzymes and signaling pathways involved in inflammation, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells through the activation of caspases and modulation of apoptosis-related proteins.</p>

<p>Daidzin is an isoflavone compound, which is a naturally occurring chemical extracted from the root of the plant Pueraria lobata, commonly known as kudzu. Its primary mode of action involves the inhibition of the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). This enzyme plays a significant role in the metabolism of alcohol, as it converts acetaldehyde, a toxic intermediate, into acetic acid, which is less harmful to the body.</p>

<p>Neoliquiritin is a flavonoid compound, which is derived from the root of the licorice plant, Glycyrrhiza glabra. This compound exhibits significant antioxidant properties through its ability to scavenge free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress within biological systems. Neoliquiritin is primarily utilized in scientific research to explore its potential therapeutic effects, particularly its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Its mode of action involves modulation of various cellular signaling pathways associated with inflammation and oxidative damage, making it a subject of interest in studies related to chronic diseases and skin conditions. Researchers investigate its potential in mitigating oxidative stress-related cellular damage, offering insights into its possible applications in pharmacology and dermatology.</p>

<p>6,7-Dihydroxyflavone is a small molecule flavonoid compound, which is a synthetic product derived to mimic naturally occurring substances. This compound is primarily sourced from the metabolic pathways involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids, which are naturally found in plants. The mode of action of 6,7-Dihydroxyflavone involves the selective activation of the TrkB receptor, mimicking the action of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This receptor plays a crucial role in neuronal survival, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity.</p>

<p>Orobol 5,7,3',4'-tetramethyl ether is a flavonoid derivative compound, which is synthesized from natural flavonoid sources such as plants. This compound operates primarily through its antioxidant properties, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, which may contribute to its potential therapeutic activities.</p>

<p>Flavanone azine is a synthetic compound derived from flavonoid sources, specifically engineered through the structural manipulation of flavanone molecules. Flavonoids are naturally occurring compounds found in plants known for their diverse biological activities. The synthetic derivation allows for enhanced stability and bioavailability compared to natural counterparts.</p>

<p>Eupatorin 5-methyl ether is a bioactive compound, which is a naturally occurring flavonoid found in certain plant species. This compound is derived from various plants, including those in the Asteraceae family. Eupatorin 5-methyl ether functions primarily through modulating various biochemical pathways, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.</p>

<p>4'-Hydroxyflavanone is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound, which is derived from plant sources, particularly citrus fruits and other types of vegetation. The compound is characterized by its phenolic structure, which plays a significant role in its biological activity. 4'-Hydroxyflavanone exhibits its mode of action primarily through antioxidant activity, which involves scavenging reactive oxygen species and thus protecting cells from oxidative stress.</p>

<p>8-O-Methylretusin is a naturally occurring O-methylated flavonoid, which is derived from various plant sources. This compound is notable for its potential bioactive properties, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. The mode of action of 8-O-Methylretusin primarily involves modulation of cellular signaling pathways, such as the inhibition of reactive oxygen species and modulation of key transcription factors that regulate inflammatory and apoptotic processes.</p>

<p>3,7,2',4',5'-Pentamethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound, which is a type of polyphenolic product. It is commonly found in various plant species, serving potential protective and adaptive functions within these organisms. The mode of action of 3,7,2',4',5'-Pentamethoxyflavone involves interaction with multiple biological pathways, including modulation of enzyme activity and influence over cellular signaling pathways. Its biochemical interactions often result in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and possible antiproliferative effects.</p>

<p>Kaempferol 3-b-glucopyranoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a compound typically isolated from a variety of plants, including tea, broccoli, and fruits such as apples and grapes. It represents a crucial category of secondary metabolites prevalent in the plant kingdom, often serving roles in plant defense and pigmentation. The mode of action of Kaempferol 3-b-glucopyranoside is primarily attributed to its antioxidant properties, effectively scavenging free radicals and thereby mitigating oxidative stress. Furthermore, it is known to modulate various cellular signaling pathways, including those related to apoptosis and inflammation, by influencing kinase activity and gene expression.</p>

<p>Herbacetin-8-glucoside-3-sophoroside is a flavonoid glycoside derivative, which is a bioactive compound commonly found in plant sources, particularly within the flavonoid subclass. This compound is notable for its multifunctional biological activities and potential health benefits. It is primarily sourced from plant materials, where it can be extracted and isolated for further study and application.</p>

<p>Beta-Naphthoflavone is a synthetic polycyclic aromatic compound, which is a laboratory-created substance designed to mimic naturally occurring compounds. It is a model compound widely used in scientific research due to its ability to induce specific enzyme pathways. Beta-Naphthoflavone primarily affects the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway. Upon binding to this receptor, it modulates the expression of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, particularly influencing the cytochrome P450 enzymes. These enzymes play a crucial role in the metabolism of various xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.</p>

<p>3-Hydroxy-7,8,2',4'-tetramethoxyflavone is a specialized flavonoid compound, which is a type of polyphenolic metabolite derived primarily from certain plant sources. This compound belongs to a class of naturally occurring flavones that are isolated from plants known for their diverse biological activities. Its mode of action involves interacting with cellular pathways and receptors, potentially modulating enzymatic activity and affecting signal transduction processes.</p>

<p>8-Hydroxygenistein is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is a type of polyphenolic compound. It is derived primarily from plants, particularly soybeans and other legumes. This compound exhibits its mode of action through selective inhibition of tyrosine kinase enzymes, interference with the cell cycle, and modulation of signal transduction pathways. It also acts as a potent antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress within cells.</p>

<p>Induces cell death in human prostate cancer by disrupting mitochondria function</p>

<p>Isorhamnetin-5-O-methyl ether-3-glucoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a secondary metabolite typically found in various plant sources such as fruits, vegetables, and certain herbs. It is part of a larger class of compounds known as flavonoids, which are well-known for their diverse biological activities. The mode of action of Isorhamnetin-5-O-methyl ether-3-glucoside primarily involves its antioxidant properties, which allow it to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress.</p>

<p>Dillenetin is a flavonoid compound, which is derived from natural plant sources, particularly found in the genus Dillenia. It exhibits significant bioactivity with a mode of action primarily involving the modulation of cell signaling pathways. Dillenetin is known to bind to specific enzymes and receptors, influencing cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress responses.</p>