Nucleotides

2'-Deoxy-L-uridine is a nucleoside that is found in the human body. It phosphorylates l-thymidine, which is a natural substrate, and this reaction prevents the formation of diphosphate from d-ribose 5'-monophosphate. 2'-Deoxy-L-uridine is an exogenous substance that inhibits cell growth by affecting protein synthesis and DNA replication. 2'-Deoxy-L-uridine has been shown to be more efficient than wild type uridine in inhibiting cell growth in vitro at concentrations of 1 mM or greater. The enantiomers of 2'-deoxy-L-uridine affect cell growth differently, with the (R)-enantiomer being more potent than the (S)-enantiomer.

2'-Phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate tetralithium salt (mixture with 3'-isomer) is a novel, modified nucleoside. It has antiviral properties and can be used for the treatment of cancer. 2'-Phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate tetralithium salt (mixture with 3'-isomer) inhibits viral replication by inhibiting the synthesis of viral DNA and RNA. This compound also inhibits cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis.

8-Aminoguanosine is a synthetic purine nucleoside that inhibits DNA synthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of HL-60 cells, which are a model for human monocytes and neutrophils. 8-Aminoguanosine has been shown to bind to the template strand of DNA and inhibit the incorporation of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates into the newly synthesized strand. This binding prevents DNA replication by preventing access to the template strand of DNA. 8-Aminoguanosine inhibits cyclin D2, an enzyme required for cell division, at concentrations as low as 0.1 mM, and it also inhibits microtubule assembly. 8-Aminoguanosine has shown in vitro activity against various tumor cell lines including Molt-4 and MCF7 cells, and in vivo activity in a mouse model against C3H/HeJ mice transplanted with Lewis lung carcinoma cells.

6-(Benzylamino)-3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione (BMPT) is a synthetic cytokinin that belongs to the group of 6-benzylaminopurines. BMPT is an inhibitor of cytokinin receptor kinases, as it is a benzyl uracil derivative. BMPT can be used as a building block for the synthesis of other compounds and has been used as an inhibitor of cell growth in various organisms.